Pangdahai

Pangdahai

(collection of compendium)

[synonyms] annanzi, dadongguo (compendium), Hu Dahai, Dafa (Zhang Shouyi), tongdahai (veterinary medicine and prescription), Dahaizi (records of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] is the seed of the genus Wutong.

[plant morphology] pangdahai

The trees are deciduous, ranging from 40 m to 30 m in height. Bark rough and slightly striped. Leaves alternate; petiole 5-15 cm long; leaves leathery, ovate or elliptic lanceolate, 10-20 cm long, 6-14 cm wide, apex obtuse or acute, base rounded or nearly truncate, entire, smooth, glabrous. The flowers are polygamous, terminal or axillary panicles; calyx campanulate, persistent, lobes lanceolate; petals stellate; male flowers with stamens 10-15, rare to 30, anthers and filaments with pubescence, sterile carpels covered with short villi; female flowers with pistil 1, ovary composed of 5 short villous carpels, with 1 slender petiole, stigma 2-5-lobed, staminodes in a cluster Sessile anther. Follicles 1-5, attached to pedicel, 18-24 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, boat shaped, dehiscent before maturity; initially sparsely pilose: spinose. Seeds fusiform or obovate, 18-25 mm long, 12 mm in diameter, dark dark brown, wrinkled; cotyledons large, 12 mm long, 10 mm wide, semicircular, endosperm rich.

Born in the tropics. It is distributed in Vietnam, India, Malaysia, Thailand, Sumatra of Indonesia, etc.

[collection] from April to June, mature seeds were collected from the cracked fruits and dried in the sun.

[medicinal material] the dried seeds are oval, olive like, with blunt and round apex, slightly pointed base, 2-3 cm long and 1-1.5 cm in diameter. Surface brown to dark brown, slightly glossy, with dense irregular wrinkles, base with pale round hilum. The outer cortex is light and loose, easy to peel off, and swells into spongy mass in case of water. Endocarp reddish brown to brownish black, apex with a yellowish white round spot. After the endocarp is removed, the endosperm is thickened into 2 pieces, dark brown or gray brown. Cotyledons 2, close to endosperm, thin and large. No gas, long chewing sticky. It is better to be big, brown, with fine wrinkles and no fragmentation.

Mainly produced in Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and other places.

[chemical constituents] the outer layer of the seed contains Astragalus membranaceus mucin, the pericarp contains 15.06% galactose and 24.7% pentose (mainly arabinose).

(1) purgative effect

It can increase the volume of intestines (8 times as much as agar) and cause diarrhea by mechanical stimulation. For anesthetized dogs, no matter what method of administration, the outer skin, soft shell and kernel of pangdahai can significantly increase the intestinal peristalsis (kernel has the strongest effect, soft shell takes the second place, and the outer layer is the weakest), which can be antagonized by atropine; the extract of 1:400000 kernel can increase the intestinal peristalsis of rabbits in vitro, but the other two layers have no obvious effect.

② Antihypertensive effect

The blood pressure of dogs and cats can be significantly decreased by intravenous injection, intramuscular injection or oral administration of 25% fat removing dried powder. Further experiments showed that the antihypertensive mechanism may be related to the central nervous system. The results showed that the effect of panghairen water extract on anesthetized dogs was hypotensive, but on rabbits it was pressor (the effective dose of rabbit was 10 times larger than that of dogs); the effect on blood pressure of dogs and rabbits was different; histamine could be used to sensitize them.

③ Other functions

The results showed that the extracts of cortex, soft shell and kernel all had diuretic and analgesic effects, and kernel had the strongest effect, but none of them had local stimulating effect. The results showed that the rabbits had dyspnea and dyskinesia when they were used in acute poisoning test; after the dogs were killed by a large amount for 10-15 days, the lungs were hyperemia, edema and liver steatosis could be seen; the median lethal dose of mice was 12.96 g / kg. After intravenous injection of a large amount (1% 2 ml) of panghairen water extract, the breathing stopped first, the heart still beat, and the gastrointestinal surface was very red.

The toxicity of Sterculia pruriens is due to hydrocyanic acid.

[processing] remove the impurities and screen the sediment. Don't wash with water.

Sweet and light, cool.

① "Gan Dan" in the compendium. "

② Zhang Shouyi: "the taste is light and slightly sweet, and the nature is warm. "

③ Collection of medicinal materials: "sweet and light, cool in nature. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, moistening the lung, promoting diuresis and detoxification. Treatment of dry cough without phlegm, sore throat, hoarseness, bone steaming, internal heat, vomiting, hematemesis, toothache, hemorrhoids leakage tube.

"Gangmu Shiyi" says: "it can treat fire, close pox, and treat all febrile diseases, such as fatigue, vomiting and bleeding, disinfecting and removing summer heat, sometimes having red eyes, wind fire, toothache, insect accumulation, eating, hemorrhoids and tube leakage, dry cough without phlegm, bone steaming and internal heat, triple energizer fire. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 1.5-3 yuan; or make tea.

[prescription selection] ① for dry cough, aphonia, sore throat and swollen gums due to exogenous factors: five pieces of pangdahai and one yuan of licorice. Stew tea and drink clothes, the old and young can add a little rock sugar. (Shen de Tang Fang)

② Treatment of fecal bleeding: a few pieces of fat sea, boiling water bubble hair, to nuclear, add rock sugar withered service. Because of heat and blood in stool, it is effective. (spring and autumn of the medical world (1): 931936)

[clinical application] treatment of acute tonsillitis

Take 4-8 pieces of pangdahai, put them into a bowl, pour them into boiling water, cover them tightly for about half an hour (keep warm when it is cold), and take them slowly; take them again every 4 hours. 100 cases were treated, 68 cases were cured, 21 cases were significantly improved, 14 cases were ineffective. Some patients were cured after 2-3 days.

Zhang Shouyi: "this medicine is also called Dafa: one of its ingredients is boiling water, that is to say, the skin is cracked and swelled, and the other is a little more than one ou. It is widely used in the treatment of colds, coughs, nasal congestion and severe voice. It is warm in nature, so it can disperse cold wind. However, it has a very good taste and a little sweetness. The medicine of warming powder is never like this He is good at opening and dispersing lung qi, and can vent skin and hair, wind evil is closed outside, regardless of cold or heat. Yineng Kaiyin can treat dark, cool cough and expectorant. Zhao Yu's treatment of pox caused by closed fire can cover up the heat toxin and block up the skin. If the pox is not produced quickly, it should be developed quickly and quickly. Use two or three of them lightly. If the lung is closed and can't cough, or the voice is hoarse, use five or six of them. The fruit of this plant is different from that of the seedlings and leaves, so it is sweating and very fulfilling. It has no disadvantage of temperature rise disturbance, especially it can be used for reference. "

Chinese PinYin : Pang Da Hai