Sea shrimp

sea

(compendium)

Another name: big red shrimp.

[source] it is the meat or whole body of marine shrimp such as prawn or lobster.

[animal morphology] 1. Prawns (compendium), also known as ningprawns (Yuezhi), mingprawns.

The female is about 18-24 cm long and the male is slightly shorter. The body is transparent, the female is brown blue, the male is slightly yellow; all are crustacean. The cephalothorax is hard and broad, with a long and sharp sword zygoma extending from the center of the front end, with 7-9 teeth on the upper margin and 3-5 teeth on the lower margin. There are 1 pair of eyes with stalks on both sides of the sword's forehead, 5 pairs of appendages on the head, and the first and second pairs become two pairs of flagellate antennae, and the second pair is very long. The other three pairs, one pair of maxilla and two pairs of mandible, are the components of the mouthparts. There are 8 pairs of thoracic appendages, of which 3 pairs become a part of the mouthparts and 5 pairs are walking feet. The ends of the first 3 pairs of walking feet are clamp like, and the third pair is the longest. The latter two pairs end in claw shape. The abdomen has 7 segments and can be flexed; there are 6 pairs of abdominal appendages; the first pair of female has very small inner limbs, and the male has genitalia. The sixth pair is caudal limb, thick and short, and the seventh caudal segment of abdomen forms caudal fin.

Living in the shallow sea with sediment bottom, it is inactive in the daytime and often lurks in the mud. At night, it is very active. It often swims to the upper and middle layers of the sea to prey on other small animals. It is distributed in the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea and other sea areas north of the Yangtze River Estuary. It is a specialty of our country.

② Lobster

It is larger than prawn, more than 30 cm long and bright in color. The cephalothorax is hard and spiny with well-developed antennae. The second pair is longer and has several thick spines at the base. The tail is very big. Common, such as brocade lobster.

It is distributed in the East China Sea and the South China Sea.

The shells of the above two kinds of shrimps (prawn shells) are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[chemical composition] the edible part of prawn contains 77 g of water, 20.6 g of protein, 0.7 g of fat, 0.2 g of carbohydrates, 1.5 g of ash, 35 mg of calcium, 150 mg of phosphorus, 0.1 mg of iron, 60 IU of vitamin A, 0.01 mg of thiamine, 0.11 mg of riboflavin and 1.7 mg of nicotinic acid per 100 g. Body muscle contains protomyosin and paramyosin. The reason why shrimp turn brown is that it contains tyrosinase. If tyrosine is reduced by sodium sulfite, it will not be affected by this enzyme, so it will not turn brown.

The general chemical composition of the muscle of the lobster is 84.78 g of water, 14.20 g of protein, 0.3 g and 0.5 g of fat, 0.05 g and 0.05-0.06 g of glycogen, 1.6 g and 1.7 g of ash per 100 g. This kind of lobster contains 8 international units of vitamin A yuan per 100 grams, b1-10 micrograms, b2-100 micrograms, nicotinic acid 1.9 mg, C-3 mg. Each gram of muscle contains more than 1.2 mg of α - tocopherol (i.e. vitamin E), and the content of iodine is only lower than that of vitamin E. Dried lobster contains 6 milligrams of iodine per kilogram. In the muscle water extract of the shrimp, the following substances (g / kg fresh muscle): 6-hydroxypurine 0.16, arginine 5.2, histidine 0.013, lysine 0.35, betaine 2.4, alanine 0.35, proline 0.1, a small amount of acid, lactic acid 0.2, tyrosine also exist. Lobster muscle, like other animals, contains myosin, actin and methylamine, which are related to muscle contraction; tail muscle contains about 0.3% trimethylammonium oxide.

Lobster also contains 190 mg% cholesterol. The shell and viscera contain β - carotene, but there are many carotenoids in the shell, such as lutein, chrysanthin, sea urchin ketone, zeaxanthin, comb xanthin and so on. There are three kinds of pigment in its shell, namely α - chitin, β - chitin and a yellow pigment, and their auxillary group is shrimp xanthin. The molecular weight of β - chitin extract is 21800 ± 1000, containing 2 molecules of astaxanthin.

[flavor] sweet and salty, warm.

① In the collection of materia medica: "Gan, Ping, Xiao Du. "

② "Suixiju diet spectrum": "sweet, warm, slightly toxic. "

③ Summary of materia medica: "sweet and salty, flat. "

[Guijing] "compendium of Materia Medica" and "Taiyin, Shaoyin and Jueyin meridians of hand and foot". "

[function indications] tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, appetizing and resolving phlegm.

① "Materia medica notes:" red shrimp tetrigidium, the main Ascaris lumbricoides, malnutrition in the mouth, wind pruritus, body itching, head sores, dental caries, to scabies. "

② According to the compendium of compendium, prawns can invigorate the kidney and invigorate the Yang; they can cure paraplegia after phlegm fire, and their muscles and bones ache. "

③ "Suixiju diet spectrum": "appetizer, phlegm. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: boiled or soaked in wine. External use: tamping.

[formula selection] ① Pu Shen Xing Yang: prawn, soaked in Shaojiu. (collection of compendium)

② Treatment of impotence: live shrimp, drunk in wine, fried food. (Quanzhou materia medica)

③ After the treatment of phlegm fire, hemiplegia, muscle pain: nuclear, Cottonseed Kernel, fried Morinda, each two, four large shrimps, four cakes. Cook with 20 jin of Shaojiu. If you are older, add one or two each. After taking the wine, dry the dregs into fine powder and honey pills. Two yuan for each serving, and the wine is delivered. (Medical Guide)

Chinese PinYin : Hai Xia