Datura stramonium

Datura stramonium

(compendium)

[synonyms] Zuishu (Guangxi Tongzhi), tianqiezi, huqiezi (classified herbal medicine), gouwalnut (Guizhou folk medicine Collection), fengqiaoguo (Zhejiang traditional Chinese medicine manual), jinqiezi (Guangxi Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine plant), Xiantiao (luchuanbencao), yangdazi, shandazi (Chinese local pesticide record), liuaxizi (Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine record), naoyanghuazi (Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine record) Fu eggplant (Chongqing herbal medicine), zuixiantao (commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai).

[source] it is the fruit or seed of Datura stramonium or Datura tomentosa. The plant morphology is detailed in the section of "Yangjinhua".

[collection] the fruits are harvested in summer and autumn.

[herbal medicine] the fruit is spherical or ovoid, about 3cm in diameter, with some persistent calyx and fruit stalk at the base. It is light brown in appearance, with needle, different in length. The top is irregularly dehiscent, containing most seeds. Seeds slightly triangular or kidney shaped, flat, brown, 3-4 mm wide.

Produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan and other places.

In addition to the above varieties, there are fruits or seeds of the same genus of Datura stramonium L.

[chemical constituents] all parts (including seeds) of Datura stramonium fruit contain alkaloids. The content of total alkaloids in the seeds was 0.17-0.455%, including amantadine, asparagine and atropine.

The results showed that the total alkaloids in the seeds of Datura tomentosa were 0.19-0.46%, and the main alkaloids were amantadine and colchicine. The content of malic acid was 1155 mg% in the peel of mature fruit and 30 mg% in the seed. The full grown placenta contained 222 mg% citric acid.

The content of total alkaloids in fruit, seed, peel and placenta of omandala is 0.038-0.46%, 0.03-0.403% and 0.23% respectively. The alkaloids in seeds include atropine, colchicine, amantadine and tropine. The other seed contained 25.8% fat oil.

The results showed that the total alkaloids in the seeds of Datura stramonium were 0.35%, mainly atropine (0.17%), as well as colchicine. However, it was also reported that alkaloids existed in the pulp, but not in the embryo, endosperm, seed coat and pericarp. The percentage of seed and fatty oil (semi dry oil) was 24%.

It's hard, warm and poisonous.

① "Compendium": "pungent, warm, toxic. "

② Modern practical Chinese medicine: "bitter and pungent. "

③ Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "cold in nature, bitter in taste. "

[Guijing] records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine: "entering the liver and spleen meridians. "

Functions and indications: relieving asthma, dispelling wind and relieving pain. It is used to treat asthma, cough, convulsion, wind cold and dampness, diarrhea, prolapse of anus and traumatic injury.

① "Classification of herbal medicine nature": "in treating traumatic injuries, blood stasis and channels are needed. "

② "Fumigation for toothache" in Guizhou folk medicine collection. "

③ "It can dispel wind and dampness, calm asthma and reduce swelling. It can treat wind cold dampness arthralgia, joint swelling and pain, convulsion, anal prolapse, traumatic injury and diarrhea. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 min; or soaking in wine. External use: wash with boiling water or dip in wine.

[taboo] Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "it should not be used if there is no accumulation of blood stasis or body deficiency. "

[prescription selection] ① treatment of anal prolapse: a pair of Datura flower seeds (shell), 16 rubber bowls. Mash and fry for three or five times. Add sodium nitrite and wash. (Confucianist family affairs)

② Treatment of traumatic injuries: Datura seed one money, six Liang wine. It's three dollars a time. (collection of common folk herbs)

③ Treatment of rheumatic pain: two drunk Xiantao, soaked in a jin of sorghum wine. Ten days later, drink once or twice a day for no more than one dollar. (commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai)

[clinical application] ① treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Take 1 portion of Datura stramonium L. and 4 portions of soshanhu root (Rhododendron amurense). Bake the powder and make it into tablets. Each tablet is 0.3 g, 1-2 tablets each time, 3 times a day. 15 days as a course of treatment, intermittent 5-7 days after the second course. In the course of treatment, it can reduce joint pain, make joint swelling subside, improve joint activity, and has no effect on ankylosis.

② For mydriasis

Different concentrations of Datura stramonium seed extract and 1% houmatopin were used for control observation. Through mydriasis test of 24 cases, it was proved that the extract of Datura stramonium had the effect of mydriasis and paralysis regulation, but the appearance of mydriasis, the disappearance of pupil's response to light and the recovery time of regulation were slower than those of post atropine, and there was no significant difference in the C value of intraocular pressure and aqueous humor outflow. Compared with atropine, the recovery time of Fructus Datura after mydriasis was shortened by half. The suitable concentration of the extract is 50-60%.

In addition, the decoction of Datura stramonium and the extract of Datura stramonium have been used in cataract surgery. One Decoction: wash 1 jin of Datura stramonium, add 1-1.5 Jin of purified water, boil for about 1 hour, filter 3-4 layers of gauze for 3-4 times, concentrate the filtrate to 100 ml, add appropriate amount of preservatives, and put it into sterile eye drop bottle for standby; two 30% Datura stramonium solution (prepared with purified crystal powder): use one of the above two preparations for eye drop every 5 minutes half an hour before cataract surgery Four to five times in total. The pupil was opened and fixed in about 20-30 minutes, and the needle could be inserted into the incision about 7-8 mm in size. This drug can only paralyze the mydriasis muscle, but not excite the mydriasis muscle. During the operation, if the needle touches the iris too much, the pupil of individual patients will shrink slightly, so we should try to avoid touching the iris. The decocting agent is deep sauce oil color, with small particles. If it is stored for a long time, it is easy to produce large flocculent precipitates. If it is boiled and filtered again, its mydriasis effect will not be reduced.

Chinese PinYin : Man Tuo Luo Zi