Vitex trifolia

Vitex trifolia

(notes to the classic of Materia Medica)

[synonym] manjingshi (Ben Jing), Jingzi (Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu), wanjingzi (Zhejiang traditional Chinese medicine manual), manqingzi (traditional Chinese medicine manual).

[source] it is the fruit of Vitex simplicifolia or Vitex trifolia.

[plant morphology] 1

Deciduous shrubs or small trees, about 3 meters high, fragrant. The young branches are 4-square, densely villous, and the others are gradually rounded, and the hairs gradually fall off. Leaf blade ovate or obovate, 2.5-5 cm long and 1.5-3 cm wide, apex acuminate, base cuneate to rounded, entire, green above, sparsely pubescent and glandular dots, white below, densely pubescent and glandular dots, lateral veins ca. 8 pairs. Panicle terminal, 2-12 cm long; calyx campanulate, apex with 5 short spines, outside densely white pubescent, calyx tube about 4 mm long; corolla lavender, 5-lobed, middle 1-lobed, the largest, lower half hairy: stamens 4, protruding out of corolla tube, anthers bifurcate; ovary spherical, densely glandular, style glabrous, stigma 2-lobed. Berry globose, 5-7 mm in diameter, mostly surrounded by enlarged persistent calyx. The flowering period is July. The fruiting period is September.

It grows on the seashore, beach, lakeside, etc. It is distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guangdong, etc.

② Manjing, also known as Auricularia auricula (Lingnan medicine collection record), xiaodaodouteng, baibeifeng and baibeicao.

The shape is similar to that of Vitex simplicifolia. The leaves are usually compound leaves with three leaflets, sometimes single leaves on the upper or lower part of the same branch. The leaflets are sessile. The leaflets are obovate or oblanceolate. The middle leaflet is usually about 1 / 3 longer than the lateral leaflet. The petiole is 1-3cm long and densely covered with villi. Cymes numerous, arranged in terminal panicles. The flowering period is July. The fruiting period is November.

It grows on plain grassland, river beach and wasteland. Distribution of China's coastal provinces and Yunnan, Guangxi and other places.

The leaves or branches and leaves of the above two plants (Vitex trifolia) are also used for medicine. See the special section for details.

[collection] harvest in autumn when the fruit is ripe. Dry in the sun, remove impurities and store in dry place to prevent damp and mildew.

[medicinal material] the dried fruit is spherical, 4-6 mm in diameter. The surface is grayish black or dark brown, covered with grayish white frost, with 4 longitudinal grooves; observed with a magnifying glass, it is densely covered with yellowish dots. There are membranous persistent calyx and petiole at the bottom. The persistent calyx covers 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the fruit. The edge of the calyx is 5-toothed, often deeply divided into two petals, grayish white, densely villous. It is light, tough and not easy to break. The cross-section pericarp is grayish yellow with brown oil spots. It is divided into four chambers with one seed in each chamber. The kernel is white and oily. It's special and fragrant, light and pungent. It is better to have large, full, fragrant and no impurity.

It is mainly produced in Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Fujian. In addition, it is also produced in Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan.

[chemical constituents] the fruits and leaves of Vitex simplicifolia contain essential oil, camphene and pinene, alkaloids and vitamin A, and Vitexin is also contained in the fruits.

Vitex negundo fruit contains a small amount of vitexine (0.01%).

[processing] stir fry Vitex negundo seeds: sift the ash, remove the remaining sepals, put them in the pot, stir fry them with fire until golden yellow, spray water slightly, and let cool.

"Lei Gong Paozhi Lun" says, "if you want to make a Vitex seed, you should remove the white film under the stem, soak it in wine for a while, then steam it. When it's finished, it should be dried in the sun. "

Bitter, pungent and cool.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and slightly cold. "

② Pearl bag: "bitter, bitter. "

[channel tropism] into the liver, stomach and bladder channels.

① "Tangye Materia Medica": "taiyangjing medicine. "

② "Into the liver meridian" in the explanation of Lei Gong's processing properties. "

③ In the book of Materia Medica, it is said that "when you enter the Taiyang and Jueyin, you also enter the yangmingjing. "

[function indications] dispel the wind heat and clear the leader. Treatment of wind heat, cold, headache, toothache, red eye, eye pain, dark tears, wet Bi contracture. "

① Ben Jing: "it can control the cold and heat between muscles and bones, damp arthralgia and contracture, improve eyesight, strengthen teeth, benefit nine orifices and remove white insects. "

② Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu: "the main hair is bald. "

③ Bielu: "to get rid of the long insects, the main wind, headache, tinnitus, tears coming out of the eyes; replenish qi, make people glossy. "

④ "Treatise on medicinal properties": "it can grow moustache and hair when it is used to cure thief's wind. "

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "benefit joints, treat red eye, epilepsy. "

⑥ "Zhenzhu capsule" says: "it can cool all meridians and blood, stop headache, and control the pain in eyes. "

⑦ Wang Haogu: "search for liver wind. "

⑧ Yilin zuanyao: "it can dissipate heat, dispel wind and dry dampness. "

⑨ "Treatment of stomachache" in Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals. "

⑩ "The manual of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine" published by Guangzhou Army: "dispersing wind and dissipating heat, calming liver and relieving pain. It can cure cold, fever, eye pain, dizziness, rheumatism, muscle and bone pain, dyspepsia, enteritis, diarrhea, swelling and pain. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 2-3 yuan; soak in wine or into pill or powder. External use: tamping.

[should not] blood deficiency with fire headache, dizziness and stomach deficiency should be taken with caution.

① Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu: "evil Aconitum, gypsum. "

② "Qi Yuan of medicine": "people with stomach deficiency should not take it for fear of phlegm. "

③ According to the classic of materia medica: "the chief's pain is not due to wind evil, but due to blood deficiency, those who have fire should avoid it. "

④ According to Bencao Huiyan, "impotence, arthralgia and contracture are not caused by the evil of rheumatism, but not by Yang deficiency, blood dryness and tendon failure; cold hernia and beriberi are not caused by Yin and dampness, and not by liver and spleen failure. "

[selection] 1. Treatment of head wind: two liters of Vitex trifolia and a bucket of wine. Silk bag Sheng. Soak seven night, warm clothing three, three days. (Qian Jin Fang)

② For the treatment of wind and cold invading eyes, swelling and tears, astringency and Shyness: three coins for Vitex trifolia, two coins for Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Tribulus terrestris, one coin for Bupleurum and Fangfeng, and five cents for licorice. Take it in water. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

③ Treatment of servitude, poor diet, cataract eye disease: Astragalus, ginseng each one or two, fried licorice eight money, manjingzi two and a half money, Cortex Phellodendri three money (stir fried four times with wine), white peony three money. Chew on the mouth, take three or five money each, fried in water. (manjingzi Decoction in the secret collection of orchid room)

[discussion by famous experts] ① in the compendium of Medical Sciences, it is said that "manjingshi is characterized by light Qi and pungent taste, light body and floating, ascending and dispersing, so all of them are characterized by head and face wind deficiency. "

② In the book of Materia Medica, "manjingshi" and "Shennong" are bitter, slightly cold and nontoxic; in the book of bielu, xinpingwen is added. Its function should be the nature of bitter, warm and pungent powder, while cold is rare. Qi is clear, taste is thin, floating and rising, Yang is also. It is mainly characterized by cold and heat between muscles and bones, dampness and contracture, wind pain, tinnitus and tears coming out of the eyes, which are covered with the evil of six evils, wind will hurt the tendons, cold will hurt the bones, and it is cold and heat, or even dampness and contracture; it is also sufficient for the pulse of the sun, Jiaji along the meridians and collaterals in the brain, and the eyes are in the position of Jueyin Kaiqiao, and evil injury to the two meridians will lead to headache, tinnitus and tears coming out of the eyes. This medicine is pungent in taste and can enter the two Zang organs to disperse the evil of wind and cold. If the pathogen is removed, the nine orifices will be opened by themselves, and Bi powder will be caused by glossy fat. Although the teeth belong to the kidney, the bed belongs to Yangming. When Yangming is attacked by wind heat, it will attack the teeth to shake the swelling and pain. When the wind heat of Yangming is dissipated, the teeth will be strong. To white insects, long insects, false taste of its bitter ears. "

③ According to the collection of materia medica: "manjingzi is the medicine for various wind diseases on the head and face. Before ancient times, he was the master of Tongli nine orifices, activating joints, improving eyes, strengthening teeth, and dispelling the evil of wind cold and wind heat. Its pungent and warm light scattered, floating and upward, so the main head and face deficiency wind syndrome. Therefore, later generations have treated dampness, stagnation, cold hernia, and beriberi. It has been used repeatedly in Tang powder, but not confined to the upper part of the head and face. "

④ "Medicine Huayi" says: "manjingzi can disperse wind, cool blood and promote orifices. All kinds of headache caused by the sun, migraine, tinnitus, tears and faintness are caused by blood and hot wind. In order to cool it, its Qi is thin and its main function is to ascend. In addition, it has the effect of Astragalus decoction, which can dispel obstructions and restore light to the eyes. "

⑤ New edition of materia medica: "manjingzi is the most effective medicine for headache. Because of its light weight and weak strength, it is easy to rise. If you only rely on one flavor, you can't take it better than Erqing. "

⑥ Zhang Shouyi: "all the children of plants are solid and heavy, and their natures are descending. Although they are not very heavy, their natures will be descending." the book of classical Chinese medicine says that it is mainly used to treat cold and heat between muscles and bones, dampness and contracture, eyesight, teeth and nine orifices, which can clear away and reduce fire. Although there are some pungent words in bielu, it is still the disease of internal wind rising and falling, but not the product of evacuating external wind. "Rihuazi" refers to the treatment of red eyes; Zhang Jiegu refers to the treatment of dull head and eye pain; Wang haizang refers to the search of liver wind; all of them are the treatment of calming wind and reducing fire. Only Zhen Quan means to cure the wind of thieves; Jiegu also means to cure the headache of the sun and dispel the evil of the wind; then it is mistakenly used as the medicine for evacuation, which is by no means the true purpose of Ben Jing and BIE Lu. It has been a common disease since the Han and Wei dynasties that the internal wind and external wind are covered and the treatment method is muddy. Zhen Quan's theory is actually a misunderstanding. However, the compendium near the lake also claims that its Qi is clear, its taste is pungent, its body is light and floating, and its upward movement is scattered. It is confirmed by Zhen Quan's theory. In the past three hundred years, no one has ever known the true function of manjingzi. However, it is also said that all the people who are near the lake have the syndrome of wind deficiency on the head and face. If the wind belongs to deficiency, is there any reason to use floating powder to treat it? Qianjin prescription takes manjingzi as the end and takes it with wine to treat the pain caused by the head wind. It is also the internal wind, not the method to dispel the external wind. If you use it lightly, it will cost five cents, but if you use it again, it will cost three or four cents. "

Chinese PinYin : Man Jing Zi