Polygonum multiflorum

(rihuazi materia medica)

[synonyms] Dijing ("Heshouwu Lu"), Yilian ("Lishang secret recipe"), Shouwu ("empirical prescription"), Chen Zhibai ("Kaibao Materia Medica"), hongneixiao ("surgical essence"), maganshi ("compendium"), huanghuawugen and xiaodugen ("Yunnan herbal medicine selection").

[source] it is the tuberous root of Polygonum multiflorum.

[plant morphology] Polygonum multiflorum, also known as wild seedling, Caulis Coptidis, Caulis Coptidis, Polygonum multiflorum, Polygonum multiflorum, Caulis Polygonum multiflorum, Caulis kaempferi, Caulis kaempferi, Caulis ruicao, Caulis Serpentis, Polygonum multiflorum and Caulis ziwuteng.

Perennial twining herbs. The root is long and thin, and the end is a big tuberous root, with reddish brown to dark brown appearance. The base of stem is slightly woody and hollow. Leaves alternate, long petiole, leaf blade narrowly ovate or heart-shaped, 4-8 cm long, 2.5-5 cm wide, apex acuminate, base heart-shaped or arrow shaped, entire or slightly wavy, dark green above, light green below, smooth and glabrous on both sides. Stipules membranous, sheath shaped, brown, amplexicaul, 5-7 mm long. Flowers small, ca. 2 mm in diameter, numerous, densely clustered into large panicles, pedicels nodose, base with membranous bracts; perianth green white, petal shaped, 5-lobed, lobes obovate, variable in size, outer 3-piece dorsal winged; stamen 8, shorter than perianth; pistil 1, ovary triangular, style short, stigma 3-lobed, capitate. Achene elliptic, 3-sided, 2-3.5 mm long, black and shiny, surrounded by persistent perianth, perianth into obvious 3-wing, brown at maturity. The flowering period is October. The fruiting period is November.

It grows in grass slope, roadside, stone gap and bush. It is distributed in Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, etc.

The vine stem and leaf of this plant (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb leaf) are also used for medicine.

[collection] three to four years after planting, they were dug in spring and autumn, washed, cut off the two ends, cut in half, or cut into thick slices, dried, dried or boiled in the sun.

[medicinal material] the root of dried Radix Polygoni Multiflori (Radix Polygoni Multiflori) is spindle or massive, about 6-15 cm in length, 3-12 cm in diameter, reddish brown or purplish brown in appearance, with irregular longitudinal grooves, uneven, one root mark at each end. It is hard in quality and powdery in appearance. The cross section is light reddish brown or yellowish brown, with a large wood core in the center and several round shaped vascular bundles around, forming a cloud brocade pattern; after drying, it shrinks and has slightly protruding wrinkles. No gas, bitter taste.

It is better to be heavy, solid and powdery.

It is mainly produced in Henan, Hubei, Guizhou, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Guangxi and other places. In addition, it is also produced in Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangxi and Hunan.

According to Kaibao Materia Medica, Polygonum multiflorum can be divided into red and white. In addition to the Polygonaceae Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix Polygoni Multiflori is also used in a few areas. Radix Polygoni Multiflori is mainly the tuberous root of the Asclepiadaceae plant, which can be seen in the article "Radix Polygoni Multiflori". In addition, Jiangsu (Nanjing) has also used ear leaf cowhide to eliminate the root tuber, see article.

[chemical constituents] the root and rhizome contain anthraquinones, mainly phenols and emodin, followed by rhein, trace emodin methyl ether and chrysophanol anthrone (no Rhein after roasting). In addition, it contains 45.2% starch, 3.1% crude fat and 3.7% lecithin.

[pharmacological action] 1

It is suggested that the lecithin contained in Polygonum multiflorum is related to the treatment of atherosclerosis. However, it has been reported that the effect of Polygonum multiflorum on experimental atherosclerotic rabbits is not significant, although the increase of cholesterol is slow and the lesion is mild.

Shouwu Yanshou Dan can significantly reduce serum cholesterol in pigeons with experimental atherosclerosis, whether it is used with cholesterol at the same time or after cholesterol formation of hypercholesterolemia, but has no significant effect on arterial intimal lesions. Shouwu Yanshou Dan can alleviate the formation of aortic intimal plaque and lipid deposition in experimental atherosclerotic rabbits, but it has also been reported that it has no significant effect on blood lipid and pathological changes of aorta. It has been studied that Shouwu Yanshou Dan and its four single herbs,,,, and ointment can reduce the intestinal cholesterol absorption of rats, but the whole prescription does not show a positive effect, which may be due to the fact that the contents of Eucommia ulmoides and honeysuckle in the whole prescription are smaller than those used alone.

② Effect on blood glucose

After oral administration of the decoction to rabbits, the blood glucose increased to the highest level within 30-60 minutes, and then gradually decreased. After 6 hours, the blood glucose was 0.03% lower than normal.

③ Antibacterial action

Polygonum multiflorum has inhibitory effect on human tuberculosis and Shigella flexneri in vitro.

④ Other functions

Chrysophanol proposed in Polygonum multiflorum can promote the movement of intestine, reduce the time value of nerve, stimulate nerve, increase the time value of muscle and paralyze muscle. The results showed that Polygonum multiflorum Thunb could excite frog heart in vitro, especially for fatigue heart. The fresh milk from the stem of Polygonum multiflorum was smeared on the ventral surface of the mouse ear. After smearing, the ventral surface and back surface of the ear were thickened, and the histological changes were similar to those obtained with phospholipids.

[processing] raw Radix Polygoni Multiflori: remove impurities, wash, soak in water until 80% transparent, take out, moisten until the internal and external humidity is even, slice or cut into cubes, and dry in the sun. Making Radix Polygoni Multiflori: pour the Radix Polygoni Multiflori into the basin, mix the black soybean juice with yellow rice wine, put it in the pot or suitable container, seal it, sit in the water pot, stew until the juice is absorbed, take it out and dry it in the sun. (100kg of each Polygonum multiflorum, 10kg of black beans and 26kg of yellow rice wine. Black bean juice making method: take 10 jin of black bean, add water to boil about 4 hours, boil about 16 Jin of black bean juice, add water to boil about 3 hours, boil about 10 jin of black bean juice, boil about 25 Jin of black bean juice twice.)

[flavor] bitter, sweet and astringent, slightly warm.

① "Record of Polygonum multiflorum": "sweet, warm, non-toxic. "

② Kaibao materia medica: "it tastes bitter and astringent, slightly warm and non-toxic. "

③ "Materia medica Huiyan": "raw and used with cold Qi, astringent nature, toxic; cooked temperature, non-toxic. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① "Foot Jueyin, Shaoyin" is the main content of the book. "

② According to the interpretation of Materia Medica classic, "enter the gallbladder meridian of foot Shaoyang, Sanjiao meridian of hand Shaoyang, heart meridian of hand Shaoyin, kidney meridian of foot Shaoyin. "

③ In Bencao Zaixin, "it enters the spleen, lung and kidney meridians. "

Functions and indications: tonifying liver, tonifying kidney, nourishing blood and dispelling wind. It is used to treat Yin deficiency of liver and kidney, early white hair, blood deficiency, dizziness, weakness of waist and knee, aching muscles and bones, spermatorrhea, collapse, chronic malaria, dysentery, chronic hepatitis, carbuncle, fever, intestinal wind and hemorrhoids. It is used for dizziness, tinnitus, white hair, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, numbness of limbs, neurasthenia and hyperlipidemia.

① "He Shou Wu Lu": "it can control five hemorrhoids, have a long-standing disease in the waist and abdomen, cool the air, lengthen the tendons and essence, be able to eat, replenish the Qi, strengthen the skin and prolong the life. "

② Rihuazi materia medica: "it can cure all air conditioning and intestinal wind. "

③ "Kaibao Materia Medica" says: "it can cure rash, eliminate carbuncle and swelling, treat head and face wind sores, five hemorrhoids, stop heartache, replenish blood Qi, black moustache and temples, and delight in color. It can also treat postpartum and lower extremity diseases of women. "

④ Wang Haogu: "xieganfeng. "

⑤ "Diannan Materia Medica": "astringent essence, strengthen kidney qi, stop red, white and turbid stool, reduce stool, enter blood, eliminate phlegm and toxin. Treatment of vitiligo, scabies, ringworm, skin pruritus Xiang. To stop malaria and treat phlegm malaria. "

⑥ "Medicine Hua Yi" says: "it can benefit liver, collect blood and nourish yin. It can cure weakness of waist and knee, aching of muscles and bones, cut off deficiency and malaria, stop kidney diarrhea, eliminate metrorrhagia and leakage, and relieve lower abdominal pain. "

⑦ "Ben Cao Shu": "treating apoplexy, headache, Xing Bi, He Xi Feng, epilepsy, jaundice. "

⑧ New materia medica: "tonifying lung deficiency, stopping hematemesis. "

⑨ "Treatment of neurasthenia and chronic hepatitis" in Guangzhou army's "manual of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine". "

⑩ "Jiangxi herbal medicine": "to relieve constipation, to relieve sores and poisons; to make it well, to tonify liver and kidney, to benefit essence and blood. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 3-5 yuan; boil cream, soak wine or put into pill or powder. External use: decoct, wash, grind, sprinkle or spread.

[should avoid] loose stools and wet phlegm are not suitable.

① "Record of Polygonum multiflorum": "avoid pigs and blood. "

② "Kaibao Materia Medica": "avoid iron. "

③ Introduction to medicine: "make. Avoid radish. If you get it, go down. "

④ "Compendium": "avoid green onion and garlic. "

[prescription selection] 1. Black hair, strong muscles and bones, firm essence: red and white Polygonum multiflorum each - Jin (soak in rice swill for three or four days, scrape off the skin with porcelain pieces, clean two liters of black beans with Amoy, cover the beans and Polygonum multiflorum with casserole and wooden steamer, steam until the beans are ripe, take out, remove the beans, dry, change the beans and steam again, such as this nine times, dry at the end), red and white Poria cocos each 1 jin (peel off, grind at the end, wash off the fascia and float with water) Take the sunken ones and twist them into pieces, soak them in ten bowls of human milk, dry them in the sun and grind them to the end), eight liang of Achyranthes bidentata (remove seedlings, soak them in wine for one day, steam them for the seventh time with Polygonum multiflorum, and dry them in the sun until the ninth time), eight liang of Achyranthes bidentata (soak them in wine and dry them in the sun), eight liang of Achyranthes bidentata (soak them in wine and sprout, grind and sun them), four liang of Achyranthes bidentata bidentata (stir fry them with black fat hemp and avoid iron utensils and pound them with stone mortar)

Chinese PinYin : He Shou Wu