Haloalkali

Haloalkali

(compendium)

[synonym] Lu Xian (Ben Jing), Lu Yan, Han Shi (Wu Pu Ben Cao).

[source] it is the crystallization of magnesium chloride and other substances condensed from bittern.

[preparation method] wash the brine with water, break it up, put it into a basin, 2-3 Jin for each basin, heat it slightly to dissolve it, filter it with 6 layers of gauze or two layers of white cloth, then boil the filtrate, add the same amount of water, boil it with a quick fire, keep it boiling, do not stir it. When the water is evaporated to dryness, the irritant gas basically volatilizes and turns from dark brown liquid to white solid. It takes about 1.5-2 hours to boil. Each jin of brine can boil about 3.5 liang of brine alkali. The brine alkali is pressed into powder, bottled and sealed, dried and sealed.

[medicinal material] is colorless crystal. Glass like luster, deliquescence.

[chemical composition] it mainly contains chlorine, magnesium, sodium, potassium, calcium and sulfate ion, followed by silica, fluorine, strontium, iron, boron and bromine, and trace amounts of lithium, aluminum, manganese, zinc, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, nickel, iodine, mercury, silver, thorium and germanium.

The components of sea salt, lake salt, well salt and saline alkali soil salt are different. The main chemical components of the four are magnesium and chlorine, but the content of magnesium is the highest in sea salt brine, followed by saline alkali brine, lake salt brine and well salt brine. The content of magnesium in the former two is close to that in the latter two. The results show that the content of chlorine is higher in well salt and sea salt brine, and the other two are lower; the content of calcium in well salt brine and brine alkali is significantly higher than the other three; the content of sulfate and fluorine in saline alkali brine and brine alkali is significantly higher than the other three; manganese is not detected in saline alkali brine and brine alkali, but the other three have a considerable amount of manganese. The content of lithium in well salt brine and brine alkali is significantly higher than that of the other three.

(1) diuretic effect

Therefore, the increase of urine volume after oral administration of haloalkaloids may be the result of the combined action of various salts in haloalkaloids.

② Cardiovascular effects

It has obvious coronary artery dilation effect on isolated rabbit heart and whole dog heart, and has certain preventive effect on acute myocardial ischemia caused by pituitrin, which is related to the large amount of magnesium ion. This may be one of the effects of haloalkaloids on improving the function of patients with chronic Keshan disease and other heart diseases. It can also make the blood pressure of hypertensive dogs decrease slightly and the pulse slow down; it can directly dilate the limb arteries of anesthetized dogs, and magnesium ion is an important component causing these effects. It has no cardiotonic effect (frog and rabbit experiment) and no sedative effect (pentobarbital sleep time and spontaneous activity experiment).

[flavor] bitter, salty and cold.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and cold. "

② Bielu: "non toxic. "

[function indications] for Keshan disease, Kaschin Beck disease, goiter, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, chronic bronchitis, dermatitis, wind heat and red eye.

① "Ben Jing" says: "it can control great heat, quench thirst, drive madness, eliminate evil and soften skin. "

② Bielu: "remove the five internal organs, keep heat and Qi in the intestines and stomach, strengthen the heart, vomit when eating, wheeze when full, brighten the eyes and make the eyes ache. "

③ "Jilin Chinese herbal medicine": "strong heart, calm, help digestion, anti convulsion, anti-inflammatory. Treatment of chronic Keshan disease, goiter, Kaschin Beck disease, chronic gastritis, chronic nephritis, hepatitis, chronic bronchitis, hypertension, dermatitis, tumor. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: dissolve into water, 0.3 ~ 1 yuan. External use: made into a paste to apply; solution eyedrops or washing.

[selected prescription] treatment of wind heat, red eye, deficiency, swelling and astringent pain: one liter of halogen alkali, 27 green plums, 21 ancient coins. In a new bottle, seal it, cook it in the soup, take some after three days, three or five degrees a day. (Sheng Hui Fang)

[clinical application] 1. Prevention and treatment of Keshan disease

First prevention: adding 3 grams of haloalkali powder, 3 grams of raw gypsum powder and 0.1 ml of medical concentrated sulfuric acid into 10 liters of water can improve the water quality of the ward. Second, treatment: acute type with 0.5 ~ 2% concentration (high concentration will cause dizziness, fever, dry mouth, palpitation, irritability and even convulsions and other adverse reactions) injection intravenous injection or intravenous drip. For adults, the daily total amount is 3-4 g, 0.5-1 g for 2-5 years old, 1-2 g for 6-10 years old, and 2-3 g for 11-16 years old. If the patient's condition is not improved, the medication can be repeated after 3-4 hours, but it can not exceed the total amount of medication per day. When the patient's condition is improved, it can be changed to oral administration of 1-2g each time. Chronic type is generally oral haloalkali powder (to be dissolved with water after taking) or tablets. For adults, 6-9g per day, three times after meals, 3-5g for 10-15 years old and 2-3g for less than 10 years old, the course of treatment is about 2 months. It can improve appetite, sleep and body condition, especially for patients with mild heart failure. Most of the cases were cured in 2-4 weeks. The latent type was also given orally. The symptoms and signs of 81 cases were not significantly improved after 3 months of treatment. After 2-3 months of drug withdrawal, some patients had recurrent symptoms.

② Treatment of Kaschin Beck disease

Generally, the oral method is used, and the dosage is the same as before. According to the observation, most patients with medication for about 2 months, joint pain relief or elimination, especially in the fingers, wrists, elbows and other joints is the most significant, so as to improve dysfunction, enhance labor ability. X-ray examination showed that some patients had different degrees of bone repair, and the younger the age, the higher the curative effect. Because children under 12 years old is the process of epiphyseal growth and development, so the treatment of halogen alkali can directly affect the occurrence and development of lesions; so early detection and early treatment is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of Kashin Beck disease.

③ Treatment of skeletal fluorosis

20 ml of 20% haloalkaloid injection and 20 ml of 10-25% glucose injection were given intravenously once a day, and 50 ml of 10-20% haloalkaloid supernatant was given orally three times a day. 64 cases were treated, 49 cases were cured, 10 cases were markedly effective and 4 cases were improved.

④ Treatment of endemic goiter

Oral administration of haloalkaloids. According to the observation of hundreds of cases, the symptoms of most patients disappeared or alleviated, and the glandular swelling disappeared or shrunk. One month after taking the medicine, the markedly effective cases can bend their neck, have no difficulty in breathing, and the glandular swelling becomes soft and small, and their physical strength increases.

⑤ Treatment of hypertension

Oral administration of 6-9g haloalkali powder per day, or 250 mg each time added into 20-40ml 25% glucose by slow intravenous injection, 1-2 times a day. According to the observation, most cases can obtain the short-term curative effect, and the curative effect of stage I patients is better.

⑥ Treatment of cerebrovascular accident

For hypertension complicated with cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral vasospasm, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Usage: a 10% halo alkali glucose solution 20-40 ml, intravenous drip 1-2 times a day. During coma, 60 ml of 10% halo alkali glucose solution and 500-1000 ml of 10% glucose solution were given intravenously. (II) 30 ml of 10% halo alkali and 500 ml of 10% glucose, intravenous drip once a day (the drip time shall not be less than 3 hours). The critically ill patients with deep coma were treated with antibiotics and other Chinese and Western medicine. For mild cerebral artery thrombosis, oral administration can also be used.

⑦ Treatment of rheumatic heart disease

Halo alkali powder, 6 g per day, dissolved in water, taken three times, has diuretic, antiasthmatic, sedative and appetite enhancing effects. According to the observation of 32 cases, most patients' palpitation, asthma and edema were improved in varying degrees, and their heart rate also decreased. 1. Patients with grade II cardiac insufficiency can be used alone, and those with grade III cardiac insufficiency should be combined with other cardiotonics. According to the results of good curative effect in the treatment of compound valvular disease, it is inferred that the effect of haloalkali in the treatment of heart disease may be to increase coronary blood flow and improve myocardial nutrition.

⑧ Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Oral three times a day, 1 g each time, gradually increased to 2-3 g each time. Or intramuscular injection of 250 mg (5% solution, 5 ml) once or twice a day. The dosage of intravenous injection is the same as that of hypertension. Preliminary observation has analgesic, detumescence, antipyretic, invigorating spirit, improving appetite and sleeping effect. Generally, after taking 30-60 g of the medicine, the pain began to relieve, and after taking 120 g of the medicine, the local swelling began to subside, the ankylosing parts began to move, and the joint function gradually increased or returned to normal. In the course of medication, the pain of some patients was relieved and then suddenly repeated, even worse than before. If they continue to take medicine, they will gradually improve. It also has certain effect on rheumatoid arthritis and other types of arthritis.

⑨ Treatment of chronic tracheitis

According to the observation of 436 cases, the total effective rate was about 85%. The usage and dosage should be different from person to patient. Generally, 10% halo alkali water is taken orally, 3 times a day, 15-20 ml each time. The course of treatment is 2-4 weeks. Most of them can take effect after taking medicine for about 2 weeks. The first symptom is the decrease of cough and expectoration, and then the improvement of dyspnea. For some cases with delayed curative effect, on the basis of oral administration, intramuscular injection of injection can be added, 1-2 times a day, 200-400 mg each time. The course of treatment is 14 days. The symptoms can be quickly improved. Intravenous injection or drip is more effective, so it is more suitable for patients with wheezing. After medication, the symptoms of asthma can be relieved quickly. Intravenous injection 600-800 mg, 1-2 times a day; intravenous drip 800-1500 mg, 7-10 days as a course of treatment. Patients with severe infection should be treated with other drugs.

⑩ Treatment of asthmatic bronchitis in children

It can relieve the wheezing symptoms in different degrees. According to the observation of 114 cases, the effective rate was 96.4%. However, the effective time was short, and only 43.8% of the patients achieved complete remission

Chinese PinYin : Lu Jian