Cassia seed

Cassia seed

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] Cassia obtusifolia, Yangming (Wupu materia medica), Yangjiao (Guangya), Cassia obtusifolia (Tao Hongjing), Huantong (medical zhengzhuan), goushidou (preparation of raw herbs), pseudomungbean (Chinese medicine Zhi), horseshoe (Jiangsu Zhi Yao), qianliguang (Shanxi Zhi), qinjue (Shaanxi Zhi), yangjiaodou (Guangdong Zhi), yeqingdou（ "Jiangxi herbal medicine"), zhuguming, zhushilandou, zhushidou, yelazi, yangweidou (main poisonous plants in South China).

[source] it is the mature seed of Cassia obtusifolia.

[plant morphology] Cassia obtusifolia (Ben Jing), also known as: Night closed, sheep touch foot, false Crotalaria, false peanut, nocturnal grass, wild peanut.

Herbs annual, ca. 1 m tall. Stem erect, upper part much branched, pubescent. Leaves alternate; double pinnate compound leaves; petioles with grooves on the petiole and glands between the two leaflets on the axis; stipules linear, caducous; leaflets 3 pairs, obovate, 2-3 cm long and 1.5-3 cm wide, apex rounded, apex slightly pointed, base broadly cuneate or suborbicular, one side inclined, entire, above subglabrous, below pilose. Flowers axillary, paired; total pedicel ca. 1 cm, pilose; sepals 5, ovoid, pilose outside; petals 5, obovate or elliptic, clawed, yellow; stamens 10, upper 3 degenerate, lower 7 fully developed; ovary slender, curved, pilose, petiolate, style very short, stigma capitate. Pods, linear, slightly flat, arcuate, 15-24 cm long, 4-6 mm in diameter, sparsely pilose. Seeds numerous, rhombic, grayish green, shiny. The flowering period is from June to August. The fruit period is from September to October.

Wild in hillside, riverside, or cultivated. It is distributed in most parts of the country.

The whole grass or leaf of this plant (Arachis hypogaea) is also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] harvest the fruit in autumn, cut or remove the pods of the whole plant, dry them in the sun, beat out the seeds, remove the pods and impurities, and then dry them in the sun.

[medicinal material] the dried seeds are rhombic and square, shaped like horseshoe, with one end slightly pointed and one end truncated, 5-8 mm in length and 2.5-3 mm in width. The surface is yellowish brown or greenish brown, smooth and glossy. There is a raised Brown edge line on both sides of the edge line. There is a light and slightly concave line on both sides of the edge line, which will crack when soaked in water. It is hard and not easy to break. The skin of cross section is thin, and the endosperm is gray white to light yellow. The cotyledons are yellow or dark brown, strongly folded and shrunk. It has no Qi, slightly bitter taste and slightly mucinous. The best one is uniform, full and yellowish brown.

All over the country. Mainly produced in Anhui, Guangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Guangdong and other places.

[chemical constituents] fresh seeds contain chrysophanol, emodin, aloe emodin, rhein, emodin glucoside, emodin anthrone, emodin methyl ether, cassia obtusin, orange cassia obtusin, as well as rose pigment, cassia pine and cassia lactone. It also contains vitamin A.

[pharmacological action] 1

The water extract, ferment water extract and alcohol extract of cassia seed have antihypertensive effect on anesthetized dogs, cats and rabbits. However, the effect of Juemingzi Tincture on blood pressure in anesthetized rabbits was not obvious. 5 ml of Juemingzi tincture could reduce blood pressure obviously and lasted for a long time. Intravenous injection of the same amount of dilute alcohol could also reduce blood pressure (which could recover immediately). It has inhibitory effect on isolated toad heart and contractile effect on blood vessels (lower limb perfusion method). In the chronic experiment, the decoction was 2g (crude drug) / kg per day, without antihypertensive effect.

② Antibacterial action

The ethanol extract of seeds had inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus, diphtheria, typhoid, paratyphoid and Escherichia coli, while the water extract had no effect. The water extract (1:4) had different degrees of inhibitory effect on some skin fungi in vitro. It contains chrysophanol, but not much, which may be related to its mild antibacterial and purgative effects.

[processing] fried Semen Cassiae: take the Semen Cassiae, stir fry it in the pot until it has a slight aroma, take it out and let it cool.

It is bitter, sweet and cool.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes salty and flat. "

② Bielu: "bitter and sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. "

③ "Ben Cao Zheng": "it tastes bitter and sweet, and has a flat and cool nature. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① "Into the liver meridian" in the explanation of Lei Gong's processing properties. "

② "The foot Jueyin liver, also into the gallbladder, kidney. "

Functions and indications: clearing the liver, improving eyesight, promoting diuresis and defecating. Treatment of wind heat, red eye, blindness, freckles, hypertension, hepatitis, cirrhosis, ascites, habitual constipation.

① Ben Jing: "for the treatment of green blindness, the eyes are obscene, the skin is red and white, the eyes are red and painful, the tears come out, and the long-term service is beneficial to the essence.". "

② Bielu: "treatment of lip and mouth green. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "benefit the five zang organs, eliminate the heat of liver and family. "

④ According to rihuazi Materia Medica, "it can help the liver qi, benefit the essence and water, regulate the end of the painting, reduce swelling and poison, treat headache by sticking to the temple, and stop epistaxis by sticking to the brain and heart; it is better for pillow than black bean to treat head wind and improve eyesight. "

⑤ The supplement to the meaning of materia medica: "detoxify snake venom. "

⑥ "Preparation for the nature of raw herbal medicine": "treat infantile five chancre, wipe tinea and scabies. "

⑦ Yilin zuanyao: "Xie Xie Xie Shui. "

⑧ Hunan Medical Records: "to improve eyesight and diuresis. Treat dizziness, beriberi, edema, lung carbuncle, chest obstruction. "

⑨ "Qinggan Mingmu, Lishui Tongbian" is a common Chinese herbal medicine manual of Guangzhou army. Treatment of hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, ascites, hypertension, infantile malnutrition, night blindness, wind heat, eye pain, habitual constipation. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or grinding powder. External use: grind and apply.

[Yi Ji] "Ji Zhu of Materia Medica classic:" Ji is actually the envoy. It's bad pockmarks. "

[selection of prescriptions] 1. For the treatment of blindness, there is no other disease in the eyes, and there is nothing to see, such as silk in the eye: two liters of Cassia obtusifolia, pounding and sieving, and taking a square inch dagger with porridge. Avoid fish, garlic, pork and spicy dishes. (monk Shen Ji Fang Jueming SAN)

② Treatment of red swelling and pain: fried Semen Cassiae, tea, apply two temples, dry is easy. It can also cure head wind, heat and pain. (pick Yuan Fang)

③ Treatment of freckles: cassia seed two liang, Kochia one or two. Apply the medicine and pound it into powder. Every time after eating, to drink porridge to adjust a money. (Sheng Hui Fang)

④ Treat the eye, tonify the liver, remove the dark and brighten the eyes: 1 liter cassia seed, 1 liter Vitex seed (use 5 liters of good wine, boil all the wine, dry). Apply the medicine and pound it into powder. Each service, with warm water to adjust the next two money, after eating and lying service. (Cassia obtusifolia powder in Sheng Hui Fang)

⑤ Treatment of acute conjunctivitis: cassia seed, chrysanthemum each three money, manjingzi, Equisetum each two money, decoction. (Hebei Traditional Chinese medicine manual)

⑥ Treatment of hypertension: cassia seed five money, fried yellow, fried instead of tea. (Jiangxi herbal medicine)

Treat children with malnutrition: Grass cassia seed, three chicken, research, chicken liver, mash, Baijiu a little, reconcile into cakes, steamed clothes. (Jiangxi herbal medicine)

⑧ Treatment ringworm: cassia seed not to how much, for the end, less water silver powder, with powder. The first thing to scratch ringworm, on the powder. (Shen LiangFang)

⑨ Years of blindness. With cassia seed two Sheng research for the end, each take a spoonful, after dinner, congee sent down.

⑩ Cyanocele, finch (Note: cyanocele is normal appearance, but can not see things, Finch is night blindness). With Jueming a program, five pairs of Kochia, a total of research for the end, add rice soup to make pills, such as Wuzi big, each take 20, 30 pills, rice soup sent down.

Eyes are red and swollen. Stir fried with cassia seed, grind fine, add tea to mix evenly, apply to the temple, dry medicine that change, swelling disappear overnight.

The head wind is hot and painful. The treatment is the same as above.

He has a bloody nose. At the end of the third industrial zone of Cassia obtusifolia, add water and apply it to the chest.

(14) ringworm spread. Use cassia seed one or two, three industrial zone end. Add water silver, light powder a little, grind to very fine, can't see mercury star. Rub the tinea and then apply the medicine.

The back sores began to appear. Use one liter cassia seed (MASH), one or two raw licorice, add three liters of water, boil to one liter, take it twice.

[clinical application] to reduce serum cholesterol

100 cases were observed. Before treatment, serum cholesterol was between 484 mg% and 210 mg%, with an average of 246.91 mg%; after treatment, it was between 110 mg% and 208 mg%, with an average decrease of 87.9 mg%. 85% of the patients dropped to the normal level within 2 weeks and 96% within 4 weeks. The total effective rate was 98%. However, in the 5 cases of long-term observation, the serum cholesterols gradually increased after stopping the drug for some reason, but still decreased after taking the drug again. It is suggested that the decrease of serum cholesterol is temporary. In order to achieve the purpose of treatment, it needs to be maintained for a long time, and how long it needs to be maintained remains to be observed. The symptoms of dizziness, headache and fatigue were improved in 85% of the patients. Preparation and usage: one Decoction - Semen Cassiae 1 liang, decocted twice. Two syrup - 1.5 liang of crude drug per 100 ml, 20 ml each time, 3 times a day. Three tablets - each tablet contains 6 points of crude drug, 5 tablets each time, 3 times a day. There was no significant difference among the three formulations. There is a close relationship between the dosage of cassia seed and the curative effect. Side effects: the incidence rate was 9%, mainly abdominal distension, diarrhea and nausea, which were mostly seen in the early stage of taking medicine. They did not affect the continued taking of medicine, but could disappear by themselves. The therapeutic mechanism, long-term effect and the effect on the formation of atherosclerotic plaque need to be studied.

Chinese PinYin : Jue Ming Zi