Orange

Orange

(Ben Jing)

It's called "juhuang".

[source] it is the mature fruit of many kinds of tangerines, such as Fuju or Zhuju.

[plant morphology] 1. Fuju (QUANNAN magazine), also known as Lvju (compendium), Hongju, dahongmizhu, Zhangju, honggan, biangan, Yulin, Dahongpao, Zhusha and Chaozhou.

Small arbor, tree shape diffusion, crown often oblate head shape, generally about 3 meters high. The leaves are rhomboid, oblong, 5.5-8 cm long and 2.9-4 cm wide, tapered at both ends, easy to roll inward on both sides, with shallow serrated margins; the petioles are slender, and the wings are not obvious. Flowers clumped or solitary, yellow white; calyx 5-lobed; petals 5, long elliptic; stamens 15-18, often 3-5, united with each other, equal to or slightly longer than stigma. The fruit is oblate, 4-4.5 cm in longitudinal diameter and 6-7 cm in transverse diameter, flat or slightly concave at the top, and radial at the base; the fruit surface is bright, orange red, and the oil glands are fine and flat; the pericarp is easy to peel off, the pulp sac is about 10 petals, kidney shaped; the central column is empty; the juice is less, sweet and sour. Seeds 20-30, oblate ovoid, outer testa gray white, inner testa light brown; polyembryonic. The flowering period is in the middle of March. The fruit ripens in late December.

It is distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Fujian and other places.

② Zhuju (a collection of Materia Medica), also known as: zhuhongju, chikuman, zhushaju, Chihong, zaoquju, Zhuhong and liaohong. Small evergreen trees, up to 5 m high, with or without spiny branches. Leaf blade elliptic, 9 cm long, 4 cm wide, acuminate at both ends, entire or undulate serrate, dark green above, light green below, wing linear. Flowers axillary or clustered, white or light red, fragrant; calyx cup-shaped, mostly 5-lobed, lobes triangular; petals 5, oblong, thick; stamens many, inserted around the disk, filaments containing. The fruit is oblate, 3.8 cm in longitudinal diameter, 4.5 cm in transverse diameter, slightly concave at the top, papillary protuberance, round at the base, slightly ribbed, scarlet on the surface, rough, round in oil glands, small and concave; 7-valved pulp sac, kidney shaped; small central column, empty. Seeds ovate, apex with mouth like protuberance, Monogerm. The flowering period is from April to May. The fruit ripens in late October.

Distributed in Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi and other places.

In addition, there are the following plants of the same genus for medicinal use: ① Wenzhou tangerine, distributed in Zhejiang; ② Huangyan tangerine, distributed in Zhejiang; ③ Tiantai tangerine, distributed in Zhejiao; ④ Ruju, distributed in Jiangxi and Zhejiang; ⑤ Tianju, distributed in Guangdong.

The immature peel or young fruit (green peel), the peel of mature fruit (orange peel, orange red, orange white), the tendons (orange collaterals), seeds (orange core), roots (orange root) and leaves (orange leaf) in the inner layer of the peel of the above plants are also used for medicine. See the special provisions for each.

[chemical constituents] Fuju contains hesperidin, citric acid and reducing sugar.

Hesperidin was also found in Wenzhou tangerine, and the content of hesperidin in pericarp was higher. The juice contains malic acid, citric acid, glucose, fructose, sucrose and vitamin C 40 mg%. The content of carotene, cryptoflavin and vitamin B1 in pulp was 0.3 mg, 2 mg and 2 mg respectively_ 93 μ g%. The content of pigment and vitamin C in peel is more than that in pulp (see "orange peel").

Sweet and sour, cool.

① Tao Hongjing: "it tastes sweet and sour. "

② Materia medica: cold. "

③ "Suixiju diet spectrum": "Gan, Ping. "

[Guijing] 1. Pinhui Jingyao: "Xingshou Taiyin, zutaiyin. "

② "Seeking truth from Materia Medica" says: "it goes into the lung and stomach. "

Functions and indications: appetizer, regulate qi, quench thirst and moisten lung. Treatment of chest diaphragm Qi, vomiting, thirst.

① Meng Shen: "stop diarrhea, eat under the food, open the chest and diaphragmatic phlegm to accumulate Qi. "

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "stop thirst, appetizer, in addition to the chest diaphragm gas. "

③ "Yin Shan Zheng Zheng" says: "stop vomiting, lower Qi, clear water channel, remove heat in the chest. "

④ Daily use materia medica: "quench thirst, moisten dryness, and generate fluid. "

⑤ Yilin zuanyao: "get rid of trouble and sober up. "

⑥ Pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine: "it is a nourishing agent and can treat scurvy. "

[taboo] it is not suitable for people with wind cold, cough and phlegm.

In the famous treatise on "seeking truth from Materia Medica", it is said that "the tangerine peel and the skin belong to the same thing, but there is a great difference in nature. The tangerine peel tastes bitter and pungent, while the tangerine peel tastes sweet and sour. The skin has the functions of dispersing phlegm, opening phlegm and regulating qi, while the tangerine peel helps phlegm to drink, and has the harm of stagnating Qi. It is said in the book that it can cure thirst, appetize the stomach, and remove the diaphragmatic Qi in the chest. This is the extreme heat in the chest, and the stomach qi is not cold. If the water is deficient and the spleen is weak, it will cause cough. If you use it every day, you can avoid the disadvantages of producing phlegm and helping Qi. But it's better to fry it with honey. "

Chinese PinYin : Ju