gallnut

(a collection of Materia Medica) Meretrix meretrix, baichongcang (Kaibao materia medica), wood (Modern Practical Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the gall formed on the host trees of Rhus chinensis, Populus deltoides or Populus deltoides. The host plants can be seen in "yanbuzi", "gaobuyanggen" and "hongbuyang".

[animal morphology] 1

There are two types of adult: winged and wingless. All of them are gray black, about 2 mm long, with 5 antennae on the head and the longest antennae on the third. The sensory buds are clearly demarcated and lack of cilia. Wings 2 pairs, transparent, forewing ca. 3 mm, nevus long falcate. Three pairs. The abdomen is slightly conical. The male is green, the female is brown, and the mouth is degenerated.

The host plant of this species is Rhus chinensis. When the saplings of this tree germinate in early spring, the migration of aphids (the winged viviparous female of overwintering young aphids) in spring will produce sexual male and female wingless aphids on the leaf buds, and the wingless unisexual male will be produced after mating, which is called dry female. The stem mother invades the young tissues of the tree and gradually forms polygonal galls. During the gall forming period, the dry mother produces parthenogenesis vigorously, and produces many larvae in the gall. From September to October, it gradually forms winged adults, which is called autumn migration aphid. At this time, the galls burst naturally, and the migrating aphids fly out of the galls in autumn, and then go to another host, Erigeron breviscapus and its homologous plants for asexual reproduction to produce young aphids. This kind of young aphid is fixed on the stem of the host, secretes wax, surrounds the whole body, forms a white spherical cocoon and overwinters; in the spring of the next year, the overwintering young aphid grows into a winged adult in the cocoon, that is, migrates the aphid in spring, and then flies to the Rhus salina for reproduction.

It is distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Guangxi, Hunan, Henan, Gansu, Guangdong, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Shanxi, etc.

② Diploid aphid

The morphology and life history of the aphid are similar to those of the previous species, but the third segment of the antennae of the migratory aphid in autumn is shorter than that of the fifth segment, and the sensory bud boundary is unknown. The host plants were Populus deltoides and Populus deltoides. The distribution is the same as above.

The larvae of galls of the above two insects (gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall gall.

[collection] the galls of the HORNED GALL APHID, known as "HORNED GALL", were harvested more than in September to October; the galls of the egg GALL APHID, known as "triploid", were harvested more than in May to June. If the harvest is out of date, the gall will crack and affect the quality. After harvesting, fry in boiling water for 3-5 minutes, kill the larvae and dry them in the sun or in the shade.

(1) Chinese herbal medicine

Also known as: Lingbei, Huabei. It is irregular saccular or water chestnut shaped, with a number of nodular protrusions or angular branches. Its surface is yellowish brown to grayish brown, with grayish white soft and smooth villi. Its quality is crisp and hollow. After being broken, the body, white skin and powdery excrement of the black brown aphid can be seen. The thickness of the wall is 1-2 mm. The inner wall is light brown and smooth. The broken face is horny. The Qi is small and special, and the taste is astringent and astringent. It is better to have thick skin, gray brown color and intact.

② Triploid

Also known as: single character times. It is spindle saccular or oblong, without protuberance or branches, less hairy on the surface, 2-3 mm thick, cutiform on the broken surface, twice as bright as the angle. It is better to be big, thick, firm and complete.

The above herbs are produced in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Hubei and Guangxi. In addition, it is also produced in Hunan, Henan, Gansu, Guangdong, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Shanxi and other places. The yield of triploid is higher than that of triploid.

[chemical constituents] the gall of Rhus chinensis contains a lot of gall tannin, resin, fat and starch.

[processing] clean, knock and remove impurities.

Sour and smooth.

① Kaibao materia medica: "it tastes bitter and sour, flat and non-toxic. "

② "Compendium": "acid and salty, flat, non-toxic. "

③ "Preparation of Materia Medica": "salty, sour and astringent, cold. "

[meridian tropism] entering lung, stomach and large intestine meridians.

① "Lei Gong processed medicine solution": into the large intestine. "

② In the book of Materia Medica, it is said that "starting with the Taiyin and the zuyang Mingjing. "

③ "Into the liver, lung, kidney three channels. "

[function indications] astringent lung, astringent intestine, hemostasis, detoxification. Treatment of lung deficiency, chronic cough, chronic dysentery. Long time diarrhea, anal prolapse, eye sweating, night sweating, spermatorrhea, bloody stool, bleeding, metrorrhagia, traumatic bleeding, swelling, boils, eyelashes rolled.

① In the collection of materia medica: "for the treatment of diarrhea due to intestinal deficiency, take hot soup.". "

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "treat traditional Chinese medicine poison, eliminate alcohol poison. "

③ "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Treatment Teeth xuanxu chest, lung wind poison overflow, skin style wet sore, itching abscess, five hemorrhoids blood more than, infantile face and nose chancre. "

④ The book of materia medica: "shenglv liquid. "

⑤ Ben Cao Yan Yi: "mouth sores should be mixed at the end. "

⑥ The supplement to the meaning of materia medica: "Bodhisattva collects stubborn phlegm and relieves various febrile diseases. "

⑦ "Ben Cao Hun" says: "Jian Tang can wash eyes, eliminate eye pain, and is a special astringent. "

⑧ The compendium of Medical Sciences: "it can restrain lung and reduce fire, remove phlegm and drink, stop cough, thirst, night sweat, vomit, blood loss, chronic dysentery, yellow disease, heart and abdomen pain, children's night cry, treat eye redness, dampness and rotten, detumescence and toxin, laryngitis, astringent ulcers, golden ulcers, prolapse of anus and dropping of intestine. "

⑨ "Experience identification method of traditional Chinese medicine shape and nature": "used for fire and scald. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: Yanmo, 0.5-2 Qian; or into pills or powder. External use: fried soup fumigation, grinding powder sprinkle or transfer application.

[should avoid] cough caused by exogenous wind cold or excess heat in the lung and diarrhea caused by stagnation should not be taken.

[prescription selection] ① the treatment of diarrhea is more than one: wupeizi one or two. Half life half burn, for the end, paste pill Wuzi big. Take 30 pills each time, under the red dysentery Shaojiu, under the white dysentery Shuijiu, under the Shuixie rice soup. (compendium)

② Treatment of anal prolapse do not charge: gallnut powder three money, into a piece, a bowl of water, fried soup wash. (San Yin Li)

③ Treatment of postpartum intestinal detachment: mixed with gallnut powder; or smoked with gallnut and alum decoction. (women's prescription)

④ Night sweats in the treatment of sleep: gallnut powder, buckwheat flour, etc. Make a well with water and simmer. When you are hungry at night, eat two or three dry foods instead of tea. (compendium)

⑤ Treatment of spontaneous and night sweats: gallnut research, Jin Tiao fill the navel, binding. (compendium)

⑥ Treatment of deficiency, labor and turbidity: one jin of gallnut, four liang of white, two liang of white. For the end, water paste pill, Wuzi big. Take 70 pills each time, send them down with salt soup before eating, and take them three times a day. (Yu Suo Dan in Ju Fang)

⑦ Drinking water: gallnut for the end, water service square inch dagger, two daily service. (Shi Yi De Xiao Fang)

⑧ After the treatment of fecal blood, regardless of adults and children: gallnut powder, AI Tang take a money. (Quan You Xin Jian)

⑨ Treatment of urine and blood: gallnut powder, salt plum pound and pills, wuzida, 50 pills per hollow wine. (Linhu jijianfang)

⑩ Treatment of epistaxis: at the end of the gallnut blowing, still with the end of fresh cotton ash equal, rice drink two money. (compendium)

(11) the treatment of bleeding between teeth: gallnut, burning, apply it at the end of the research. (Yi Jian Li of Health)

(12) treatment of pregnant women with fetal leakage: gallnut powder, two money for wine. (Zhu Shi Ji Yi Fang)

⒀ treatment of golden sore blood more than: gallnut, raw, for fine powder, dry paste. (five times scattered in Shengji Zonglu)

(14) treat all swelling and poisons: gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut, gallnut. After three or five degrees a day, apply it to the affected area. (gallnut powder in Shengji Zonglu)

To cure soft and hard boils, all kinds of heat and toxin boils: gallnut, stir fried at the end, oil adjustment, paper flower paste. One side of the water transfer coating, still into sesame oil several points. (xijifang Duzhen ointment)

(16) treatment of head sores, heat sores, rheumatism and other toxins: gallnut, etc. Add it at the end of the research, and the pus will dry. If it is dry, use clear oil to adjust and apply. (Yi Jian Fang for health)

⒄ treatment of pharyngeal carbuncle, tongue swelling pain: gallnut end, white end, end, etc. White plum meat mash and pill, marble big, hold pharynx, its carbuncle Qi broken. (Zhu Shi Ji Yi Fang)

(18) treatment of zouma chancre: gallnut, dried alum, Phellodendron amurense, etc. For the end, rinse with salt soup, mixed with it. (a brief introduction to acne)

(19) to treat and employ the ear: the Chinese gall is used to grind the stem first and then put the last half of the word into the ear. (Kuji Fang)

In the treatment of wind and poison attack, eye swelling, astringency and pain can not be tolerated, or upper and lower eyelids and canthus are red and rotten, floating flesh and blood stasis invade the eyes: gallnut one or two, one or two halves. With the pestle powder, each take two money, water two, copper stone and a decoct, Chengzi, hot shower; leave two dregs, and according to the former decoct leaching. (the magic effect of Bo Ji Fang dispels the wind)

(21) treatment of scrotal wet sores, water is not yellow: gallnut, wax tea each five money, a little greasy powder. At the end of the research, wash it with onion and pepper soup first, and rub it with sesame oil. (Sheng Hui Fang)

(22) treatment of sores: gallnut, baked, ground, with wax feet to spread around. (compendium)

(23) treatment of chapped hands and feet: gallnut powder, filled with bovine bone marrow. (on the great success of medical prescriptions)

[clinical application] ① prevention and treatment of paddy field dermatitis

Grind 1 catty of gallnut into fine powder, dissolve it in 8 catties of white vinegar, and apply it to the water soaked part of limbs before entering the paddy field to form a black protective layer. If you have already suffered from paddy field dermatitis, within half to one day after application, the exudation of the affected area will stop and the pain will be relieved.

② Treatment of night sweats

Gallnut ground into fine powder, every night before going to bed to take 1 ~ 3 money, with cold water into paste, apply in the umbilical fossa, gauze cover, tape

Chinese PinYin : Wu Bei Zi