Mint

Mint

(Lei Gong Paozhi Lun)

[synonyms] lotus herb (Qianjin Shizhi), Smilax and Smilax glabra (herbivorous materia medica), Mentha haplocalyx (Herba Yanyi), Maoer BOCAO (lvchanyan materia medica), Shengyang herb (Diannan materia medica), BOCAO (pinhuijingyao), lotus herb (Herba Mengluo), nocturnal flower (plant name Collection).

[source] the whole plant or leaf of Mentha haplocalyx or Mentha haplocalyx.

[plant morphology] 1

Perennial herbs, 10-80 cm high. Stem square, covered with retrograde villi and glandular dots. Single leaf opposite; petiole 2-15mm long, densely covered with white pubescence; leaf blade ovate to elliptic lanceolate, 3-7cm long, apex acute, base broadly cuneate, margin apically serrate, densely ciliate, covered with white pubescence above, pubescence and glandular dots below. Cymes axillary; bracts 1, linear lanceolate, margin serrate and puberulent; calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, lobes subtriangular, with obvious 5 longitudinal veins, outside densely white pubescence and glandular dots; corolla 2-lipped, purple or light red, sometimes white, 3-5 mm long, upper lip 1, oblong, apex slightly concave, lower lip 3-lobed, smaller, entire, corolla outside light The stamens are 4, the anthers are yellow, the filaments are filiform, inserted in the middle of corolla tube and protruding out of corolla tube; the ovary is 4-cleft, the style protrudes out of corolla tube and the stigma is 2-dichotomous. Nutlets 1 mm long, enclosed in persistent calyx. The flowering period is from August to October. The fruit period is from September to November.

It grows on the side of stream, roadside and mountain wetland, or cultivated. It is distributed in North China, East China, South China, central China and southwest China.

② Peppermint

It is similar to the former. Leaves ovate to oblong, 2-5 cm long, glandular dots on both sides. Calyx lobes narrowly triangular, ciliate. Corolla lavender or white. Nutlets 0.7 mm long.

It is widely cultivated all over the country.

In addition, Xingan mint (northeast) and borneol mint (Bencao Yanyi) cultivated in Jiangsu (Suzhou, Taicang) are also used as medicinal materials.

[collection] most of the production areas harvest twice a year, and the first time (head knife) is from light heat to severe heat. For the second time (second knife), the whole grass was cut and dried between the cold dew and frost. It can be harvested three times a year in warm areas of Guangdong and Guangxi.

[medicinal material] it is a dry whole grass with columnar stem, 15-35 cm in length and 2-4 mm in diameter. It is yellowish brown with purple or green color. It has nodes, and its internodes are 3-7 cm in length. It has opposite branches on the upper part. Its surface is covered with white villi, and its corners and edges are dense. It is brittle and easy to break. The leaves are opposite, the curved surface of the leaves is shrunk, and most of them are broken. Dark green above, light green below. Having white down; brittle. The branch top often has the cyme, the yellow brown, the corolla majority existence. The smell is fragrant and the taste is pungent and cool. It is better to be dry, rootless, leafy, green and smelly.

It is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi.

[chemical composition] the content of volatile oil in fresh leaves was 0.8-1%, and that in dry stems and leaves was 1.3-2%. The main component of the oil is menthol with the content of 77-78%, followed by menthone with the content of 8-12%. It also contains menthyl acetate, camphene, limonene, isomenthone, pinene, menthone, resin, a small amount of tannin and rosmarinic acid.

[pharmacological action] topical application of menthol can treat headache, neuralgia, pruritus, etc. When applied to the skin, it has a cool feeling at first and a slight burning feeling later. The cold sensation is not caused by the decrease of skin temperature, but by the stimulation of cold receptors in nerve endings.

Menthol and menthone have inhibitory effect on isolated rabbit intestine, and the latter has stronger effect. The results showed that peppermint essential oil had antispasmodic (anti acetylcholine) effect on isolated small intestine of mice, but had no significant effect on the propulsion speed of small intestine contents of mice as a whole, and even had a tendency to inhibit. Therefore, it is speculated that its stomach strengthening effect may be caused by its continuous smell and taste sensation. The alcohol solution of menthol has antiseptic effect. It has some therapeutic effects on respiratory tract inflammation, which may be due to its promotion of secretion and removal of mucus attached to the mucosa. Menthone is more irritant than menthol.

The total flavonoids in the same genus of Mentha haplocalyx have cholagogic effect.

[processing] clean up the impurities, remove the residual roots, shake the leaves and put them in another place, then spray water on the stems, moisten them thoroughly, cut them into sections, dry them in the sun, and mix them with the leaves.

It is pungent and cool.

① "Qi Yuan of Medicine:" it is said in the secret of indications that the nature is cool and pungent. "

② Yi Lin Bian Yao: "Xin, Han. "

[meridian tropism] entering lung and liver meridians.

① "Tang Ye Ben Cao": "hand Yin, Jueyin meridian medicine. "

② "The compendium of Medical Sciences" says: "starting with Shao, Taiyin, foot Jueyin. "

③ New edition of materia medica: "entering the lung and enveloping the two meridians can also enter the liver and gallbladder. "

Functions and indications: dispel wind, dissipate heat, dispel filth and detoxify. Treatment of exogenous wind heat, headache, red eyes, sore throat, food stagnation, bloating, mouth sores, toothache, scabies, addiction rash.

① "On medicinal properties": "to anger, toxic sweating, breaking blood to stop dysentery, Tongli joint. "

② Qianjin Shizhi: "but the Kidney Qi makes the breath fragrant and clean. It can ward off evil and poison, and eliminate the disadvantages of labor. "

③ Sun Siyan: "decocting soup to wash lacquer sores. "

④ "Tang Materia Medica": "the main thief wind, sweating. (treatment) abdominal distention caused by evil Qi. Cholera. If you can't sleep and eat, you'll lose your breath. "

⑤ "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": "pestle juice clothing, to the heart wind heat. "

⑥ "Edible Materia Medica": it can lead all kinds of drugs into Ying Wei. Treatment of yin and Yang toxin, typhoid headache. "

⑦ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": treating apoplexy, aphasia and spitting. The wind of removing thieves. Treatment of heart and abdominal distension. In addition, it can also eliminate the symptoms of dyspnea, sedentary food and head wind. "

⑧ "Ben Cao Tu Jing": "treat cold, brain wind, pass the grid, children wind saliva. "

⑨ According to Bencao Yanyi, "children's convulsion and strong heat should be treated with this medicine; for the treatment of bone steaming and fatigue heat, its juice and other medicines should be used as ointment. "

⑩ Li Gao: "the leader of Qingli. "

(11) Wang Haogu: "can search liver qi. And the main lung Sheng Yu, shoulder pain and cold sweating. "

(12) Diannan materia medica: "it can cure all kinds of sores such as typhoid fever, headache, cholera, vomiting and diarrhea, carbuncle, gangrene, scabies and epilepsy. "Also:" Wild Mint Shangqing headmaster of all kinds of wind, stop headache, dizziness, fever, to wind phlegm, cold cough, brain leakage, nasal runny nose, back tuberculosis fever. "

(3) the compendium of Medical Sciences: "it is good for throat and mouth diseases. It is used to treat scrofula, scabies, wind pruritus and rash. "

(14) materia medica: "treatment of stroke, epilepsy, injury, dryness and heat depression. "

(Yi Lin Bian Yao): "the more toothache, the hotter the cough, the better the depression and heat, the better the thirst, the better the dysentery, and the better the urination. "

(16) new materia medica: "eliminate the vision. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: Decoction (not for long), 0.8-2 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: mash juice or decoct juice.

[should avoid] Yin deficiency and blood dryness, liver yang hyperactivity, and excessive sweating should not be taken.

① Don't make people tired of food. "

② "Qianjin · Shizhi": "the disease of active diabetes. "

③ "This Jing meets the original": "if you take it for a long time, it will make you cold; if you have a fever due to yin deficiency, cough and perspiration, do not use it. "

④ "From the new materia medica:" pungent fragrance cutting gas, take more damage lung sad, empty far. "

[prescription selection] 1. Clearing the upper part of the body and resolving phlegm, clearing the throat and diaphragm, and treating wind heat: refine honey pills with minty mint, such as Euryale ferox, one pill in each. White granulated sugar can be mixed with it. (simple formula)

② Treatment of red and rotten eye string: mint, ginger juice soaked overnight, dried at the end of each money, boiling soup bubble wash. (Mingmu empirical formula)

③ For the treatment of scrofula lump, pain, ulceration, abscess, regardless of the distance: a bunch of mint as big as a bowl (dried in the shade), ten pieces of Gleditsia (one foot and two inches long, no moth, remove the black skin, apply vinegar, fry to make it brown). Mash, drink wine, and soak three times, then take out and dry, and soak three more. So take wine as the degree, dry it, make it loose, and cook rice and pills, such as Wutong. Every time before eating, take 20 pills with Huangqi decoction, half of them for children. (shenghuifang MINT PILL)

④ Cure wind Sao itch: big mint, cicada slough is divided into end, every warm wine is taken one money. (Yonglei qianfang)

⑤ Treatment of blood dysentery: mint leaf Decoction alone. (Puji Fang)

⑥ The treatment of bleeding is more than just: Peppermint juice drops. Or boiled in dry water, wrapped in cotton and stuffed in the nose. (the parties)

⑦ Treatment of bee sting: apply mint to it. (Meng Shen's Bi Xiao Fang)

⑧ For the treatment of fire sores, such as moxibustion, fire poison gas into the body, two sores, juicy person: Peppermint Decoction frequency. (medical theory)

⑨ Treat earache: drip fresh mint juice. (Mindong materia medica)

[discussion by famous experts] 1. In the compendium of Medical Sciences, "peppermint is good at dissipating wind and dissipating heat. Therefore, headache, head wind, eye, throat, mouth and other diseases, children's fever, and fever, sores and scabies are important drugs. "

⑦ The classic of materia medica: "peppermint is more pungent than bitter, and it is non-toxic. Xin He lung, lung he fur, bitter heart and from cremation, main blood, main heat, all Yang viscera. The pathogenic factor of febrile fever is on the surface, so sweating is the solution. The wind property rises, simultaneously the acrid temperature, therefore can disperse the evil to ward off evil. Spicy Tongqiao, so the treatment of abdominal distension, cholera. "Dietotherapy" leads to the ability to remove heart and family heat, so it is the essential medicine for children's convulsion and wind heat. The pungent fragrance disperses to connect the joints, so the wind dissolves from the perspiration. This is not the medicine of the spleen and stomach. Can an'neng be the main food for the night? The rising nature is also difficult to control the lower Qi; fatigue is a kind of deficiency, which can not be solved by dispersing, and the three therapies are not, and the wise should be treated separately. "Also:" do not take the patient's new lung, because it is sweating and Qi deficiency. If cough due to lung deficiency and cold guest and no fever, do not take it, to its when and more. People with Yin deficiency should not take it when they are feverish. If they sweat, their body fluid will be exhausted. Don't take beriberi typhoid, because it belongs to spleen. Blood deficiency headache, not with the blood tonic is not available. Children's body heat due to food injury is not available, children's body heat due to malnutrition

Chinese PinYin : Bao He