lemon

lemon

(collection of herbs in Lingnan)

[synonym] Li Mengzi (Dongpo Zhilin), Li Mengzi (Guihai yuhengzhi), Li Mengzi (lingwaidaida), Yi Mu Zi, Li Mu Zi, Li Xianggan (wuzhiganzhu), Yao Guo (Guangdong Xinyu), Meng Zi, Meng Zi (Tongya), Yi? Zi, Yi Mu Guo (Lingnan Zaji), and Ning Guo (Nanning Yaozhi).

[source] it is the fruit of limes or lemons in Rutaceae.

[plant morphology] Li Meng is also known as limushu (Cantonese).

Shrubs tufted with hard spines. Leaves alternate, small, oblong to elliptic, oblong, apex short pointed or obtuse, margin obtuse serrate; petiole short, narrow, apex nodal. Flowers solitary or clustered in leaf axils; calyx 5-lobed, cup-shaped; corolla 5-petal, linear rectangular, lower part gradually narrowed, outside lilac, inside white; stamens more than 20; ovary upper part gradually narrowed, 8-10-locular, style large, falling off, each locule has several ovules. The citrus is nearly round, with a papillary protuberance at its apex, about 4.5 cm long, and 5 cm wide. It is yellow to vermilion. Its skin is thin and easily peeled, and has a clay taste. Its pulp is 8~10 petals, and its taste is very sour. Seeds 3-4, ovate. It blooms in spring.

It is cultivated in the south of China.

② Lemon

Small evergreen trees. There are hard spiny needles. The leaves are alternate, leathery, with translucent oil spots; the leaves are small, long elliptic to elliptic ovate, 7-11 cm long and 3-4 cm wide, with sharp apex, slightly obtuse dentate margin, and round base; the petioles are short, and the wings are narrow and long, almost connecting with the leaves and protruding. Flowers solitary or clustered in leaf axils, 1-2 cm long, fragrant; calyx cup-shaped, 5-cleft teeth; corolla 5-petal, long elliptic, thick, pink outside, white inside; stamen 20 or more; pistil 1, ovary 8-10-locular, style thick, often caducous, stigma capitate. The orange fruit is oval or oval in shape, with papillary protuberance at the apex, 9-13.5 cm long and 4-7 cm wide. It is yellow and glossy, with slightly thick peel and 8-10 petals of pulp sac. It tastes extremely sour. Seeds 3-4, ovoid, pale yellow. It blooms in spring.

It is cultivated in Guangdong.

The root (lemon root), leaf (lemon leaf) and peel (lemon peel) of the above plants are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[chemical constituents] lemon fruit contains hesperidin, naringin, shengcaoxioside, shengcaoxin glucoside, 6-methoxycitrin-3 - β - D-glucoside, iso6-methoxycitrin-3 - β - D-glucoside and citrin-3 - β - D-glucoside; citric acid, malic acid and quinic acid; and d-telostatin II.

Lemon peel contains a variety of flavonoids, organic acids, coumarins, sterols, volatile oil and so on. In addition to hesperidin and shengcaoxioside, neohesperidin, geranioside, 6,8-bis (carbon bond glucosyl) - apigenin, quercetin-3,5-diglucoside, snapdragon-6-rhamnoglucoside, snapdragon-6-glucoside, snapdragon-3-arabinoglucoside, limonin-3-arabinoglucoside and 6-methoxycitrin-3 are also included- Arabinose glucoside, etc. In addition to quinic acid, there are caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and erucic acid. There are umbelliferide and scopoletin in coumarins. Sterols include β - sitosterol. The content of volatile oil is about 0.3%, of which about 90% is d-limonene, about 3% is citral, and a small amount of? Geraniol acetate and linalool acetate.

There are hesperidin, β - sitosterol and γ - sitosterol in the peel of lemon.

Lemon fruit generally contains vitamin B1, B2, C, nicotinic acid, sugar, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other components.

[pharmacological action] hesperidin and naringin have anti-inflammatory effect. Please refer to "pomelo".

[nature and taste] Guihai yuhengzhi: "the taste is extremely sour. "

Functions and indications: generate fluid, quench thirst, dispel heat and stabilize fetus. Sore throat, dry mouth, flatulence in the stomach, hypertension, myocardial infarction, no appetite.

① "Food research": "syrup drink thirst, can ward off the heat. It is suitable for pregnant women. "

② Cantonese: "salted with salt, it turns black for a long time, and can cure typhoid fever and phlegm fire. "

③ Lingnan essays: "Zhi Kuai.". "

④ "Pickle food, lower Qi and stomach. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: jiaozhiyin or raw food.

[prescription selection] 1 lemon, 10 horseshoes, decoction, once a day, treatment of hypertension, sore throat, dry mouth.

② Salty lemon tea: the lemon is boiled, peeled and dried, put into a porcelain jar, marinated with appropriate amount of salt, better for long-term storage, one at a time, washed with boiling water. It has lower Qi, harmonizing stomach and anti-inflammatory effect. It is suitable for acute gastroenteritis, diarrhea, vomiting, postprandial fullness, hiccup, etc.

③ Grind the juice of fresh lemon meat, decoct it into paste with low heat, cool it down, add sugar powder to drain the paste, and bottle it for later use. Take 10 grams each time, take it with boiling water, twice a day, can cure fever, thirst, heat stroke, nausea, abdominal pain, threatened abortion, fetal bleeding and other diseases.

④ Candied lemon: 500 grams of fresh lemon, peeled and cut into pieces, soak in 250 grams of white sugar for one day, simmer until it is dry and cool down, then add some white sugar, bottle and set aside. It has the functions of producing body fluid, relieving thirst, appetizing and stabilizing fetus. Often eat, can cure anorexia, thirst, as well as pregnancy food less, nausea and other diseases.

Lemon juice: a kilogram of boiling water, add 0.35 grams of citric acid, 2 grams of salt, 100 grams of sugar, 10 ml of vitamin B solution, 0.2 ml of flavors, mix and cover well and store it in the refrigerator at any time. It is a good cool drink in summer.

Chinese PinYin : Ning Meng