mother chrysanthemum

mother chrysanthemum

(Ben Cao Zheng)

[source] it is the head inflorescence of Dendranthema indicum, Dendranthema indicum or Dendranthema indicum. See "wild chrysanthemum" for plant morphology.

[collection] in autumn, the flowers are harvested in full bloom, dried or dried.

[medicinal materials] the dried capitulum is oblate, 0.5-1 cm in diameter, with 15-20 tongue shaped flowers on the outer layer, female, pale yellow, crimped and curled; the central tube shaped flower is bisexual, 3-4 mm long, yellow, 5-lobed at the top, and the ovary is brownish yellow without crown hair; there is an involucre at the bottom, which is composed of 20-25 bracts, arranged into 4 layers in imbricate shape, with ovate or lanceolate bracts and withered yellow The margin is membranous; each flower is borne on a hemispherical receptacle. The taste is bitter, followed by a sense of coolness.

It is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guangxi, Shandong and other places.

[chemical constituents] the flower contains robiniacin-7-rhamnoglucoside, chrysololide, cyanidin, picrin and α - platycladinone. It also contains volatile oil, including DL camphor, tetradecane, hexadecane, etc. It also contains vitamin A and vitamin B1.

(1) antihypertensive effect

In the acute test of animals, chrysanthemum indicum L. has obvious antihypertensive effect on the non anesthetized rats by intraperitoneal injection of 6-10 g / kg and oral administration of 15 g / kg. The effect of the whole herb preparation is more toxic than that of the flower extract, and its antihypertensive effect is poor. The aqueous solution of alcohol extract of Chrysanthemum indicum also had hypotensive effect on anesthetized cats at 16 g / kg. The extract hc-1 (containing Chrysanthemum indicum lactone, flavonoid glycosides, bittern and some impurities) obtained after further refining of this alcohol extract obtained hypotensive effect after small intestine administration of 50-100 mg / kg in anesthetized cats and intragastric administration of 50-150 mg / kg in non anesthetized normotensive dogs. However, the effect was slow (because it was difficult to dissolve in water, it might be absorbed slowly) and could last more than 2 hours. In dogs with chronic renal hypertension, 100 mg / kg per day for the first two weeks and 200 mg / kg per day for the third week also achieved antihypertensive effect. Cardiac output did not decrease during hypotension, mainly due to the decrease of total peripheral resistance. According to the preliminary analysis, its mechanism of action may be due to its anti epinephrine effect and expansion of peripheral blood vessels, and may also be involved in the inhibition of central vascular movement.

② Antiviral and antibacterial effects

In vitro, chrysanthemum indicum 1:80 could delay the pathological changes of cells (primary monolayer epithelial cells of human embryonic kidney) infected by orphan virus. 1:320 of wild chrysanthemum decoction had inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, diphtheria and dysentery in vitro.

[toxicity] the toxicity of wild chrysanthemum is low, and there is no accumulation phenomenon after chronic administration. ECG showed that chrysanthemum indicum was non-toxic to the heart. When the rats were injected intraperitoneally below 36 g / kg, the ECG did not change. When the dose was increased to 52 g / kg, the heart beat slowed down significantly, the P-R and Q-T intervals prolonged, and the T wave became wide and round. Normal dogs take hc-1 daily_ 300 mg / kg for 3 weeks. Except for vomiting, there was no serious toxic reaction. The liver and kidney functions were normal.

Bitter, pungent and cool.

① Ben Cao Hui Yan: "it tastes bitter and pungent, has cool Qi, and has little poison. "

② Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "it is slightly cold in nature, sweet and bitter in taste, and non-toxic. "

"Into the lung and liver. "

Functions and indications: dispelling wind, clearing heat, detumescence and detoxification. Treatment of wind heat, cold, pneumonia, diphtheria, gastroenteritis: hypertension, rash, carbuncle, aphthous ulcer, erysipelas, eczema, day bubble sores.

① "Materia medica Huiyan": "it can break the blood and soothe the liver. The housewife's blood in her abdomen is the antidote of Tianxing fire poison pill. Wash scabies, but also to the wind to kill insects. "

② Modern practical Chinese medicine: "used for carbuncle, gangrene, swelling and suppurative disease. "

③ Suzhou native medicinal materials: "detoxify and dredge the wind. Treat eye disease and dizziness. "

④ "Zhejiang traditional Chinese medicine manual": "discharge pus and detoxification, detumescence and pain relief. It is used to treat carbuncle, swelling, toxin and dampness sores. "

⑤ "The treatment of cholera, abdominal pain. "

⑥ "Shanxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "dispel wind heat, clear leaders, reduce fire and detoxify. It can cure wind, dizziness, headache, red eyes, swelling and poison. "

⑦ "Jiangxi herbal medicine": "for diphtheria, aphthous ulcer, high fever and convulsions in children. "

⑧ "Shanghai commonly used Chinese herbal medicine": treatment of hypertension. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 2-4 yuan (1-2 Liang fresh). External use: tamping, boiling, gargling or rinsing.

[prescription selection] 1. Treatment of acne: wild chrysanthemum and yellow sugar mash paste on the affected area. If born in hairline, Jiamei tablets and shengdilong are applied together. (records of Lingnan herbal medicine)

② Treat all carbuncle and abscess, ear, nose, throat, oral Yang abscess: wild chrysanthemum 126 money, dandelion 126 money, Viola one or two, forsythia one or two, Dendrobium one or two. Fried in water, three times a day.

③ Treatment of summer heat boils and skin ulcers: wash them with wild chrysanthemum or stem and leaf decoction, and cover them with medicated cotton or gauze, several times a day.

④ Treatment of gastroenteritis, bowel sounds, diarrhea, abdominal pain: ganye chrysanthemum three, four money. Decoction, two or three times a day. (2) herbal recommendation is published below.)

⑤ Intestinal wind: Six taels of wild chrysanthemum (dried in the sun, fried into charcoal), eight taels of huaishudi (boiled in wine, mashed cream), four taels of ginger, three taels of Atractylodes lancea, two taels of Sanguisorba officinalis, two taels of beiwuwei. Honey is the Wutong seed, which costs five yuan and the soup is served before the meal. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑥ Prevention of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis: wild chrysanthemum one jin. Smash the medicine, add 10 jin of water, boil to 70% of the decoction, and filter to remove the residue. During the epidemic period of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, two to three drops of Shangxiang liquid were given by nose twice a day. (selected materials of new treatment of Chinese herbal medicine, Liaoning)

⑦ Treatment of lobar pneumonia, bronchitis, appendicitis and general acute inflammatory diseases: wild chrysanthemum one or two, a little red five money, honeysuckle vine leaf one or two, Centella asiatica five money, plough grass five hinge, Imperata root five money. Take it in water, one to two doses a day.

⑧ Treatment of urinary tract infection: wild chrysanthemum one or two, sea gold sand one or two. Take it in water, two times a day.

⑨ Treatment of diffuse pulmonary tuberculosis: wild chrysanthemum 12.5 money, to gall one or two, orchid grass two or two. Take it in water, one dose a day.

⑩ For tinea capitis, eczema and pemphigus: Chrysanthemum indicum, Melia azedarach root bark and Sophora flavescens root. Decoct and wash. (7) Jiangxi herbal medicine

[clinical application] 1

Soak wild chrysanthemum in boiling water for 1 hour, fry for 30 minutes, take the medicine solution orally. Adults pay 2 yuan each time, while children pay less. Generally, the medicine is given once a month. In the past, the medicine is given once every two weeks for those who have a cold 3-6 times a year, and once a week for those who often have a cold. The incidence rate of 1000 people after taking the grape was 13.2% lower than that of the same period of the previous year. The incidence rate of the disease was also significantly lower than that of 261 people who lived near the same condition but did not take medicine. At the same time, the recurrence of 119 cases of chronic tracheitis before and after administration were compared. The results showed that all patients relapsed without administration (the same period in the previous year), and the recurrence rate was 38%.

② Treatment of respiratory tract inflammation, etc

Use 100% wild chrysanthemum injection, 2-4 ml each time, once every 6 hours. 40 cases of upper respiratory tract infection were cured in 35 cases and improved in 1 case; 20 cases of tonsillitis were cured in 18 cases; 20 cases of tracheitis were cured in 5 cases and improved in 14 cases. The fever subsided in 1-2 days on average. In addition, 50% injection was given intramuscularly 2-3ml per day to treat 81 cases of acute tonsillitis and other acute inflammation (including tracheitis, pneumonia, endometritis, adnexitis, gingival infection, etc.). The cure rate was 49.4%, and the effective rate was 95%.

③ Treatment of cervicitis, etc

After vaginal irrigation, the cervix was coated with chrysanthemum powder once a day for 3-5 days. 11 cases of chronic cervicitis were treated and 7 cases were cured. 43 cases of cervicitis, vaginitis and vulvar ulcer were observed. The effective rate was 90.7%, and the cure rate was 35%.

④ Treatment of carbuncle, poison and furuncle

Adults take 3-5 liang of fresh wild chrysanthemum every day, decoct it twice, or take 100 ml of mashed juice once. It can also be tamped on the affected area and changed after a little drying. For the whole body and head and face multiple furuncle. If the external application is inconvenient, the local area can be soaked with boiling water.

⑤ Treatment of hypertension

Make the Flos Chrysanthemi into liquid extract, add single syrup to 5ml per ml (including 2G crude drug). Take 10 ml each time, 3 times a day. The total effect was 68.57%, of which 17.14% was markedly effective, 51.43% was mildly effective and 31.43% was ineffective. More than half of the patients had insomnia, head distension, headache and vertigo improved.

Chinese PinYin : Ye Ju Hua