Jin pinggong

Jin pinggong

Jin pinggong? (532 BC), surnamed Ji, named Biao, son of the Duke of mourning in the Jin Dynasty, was the king of the state of Jin in the spring and Autumn period. He was in power from 557 BC to 532 BC.

At the beginning of Jin Ping Gong's accession to the throne, he fought with the state of Chu in zhanban and won. In 552 BC, he allied with song, Wei and other countries and restored the hegemony of Jin again. In the later period of his reign, because of the great construction and lack of political affairs, the power fell to the six ministers. In 532 B.C., the Duke of Jin Ping died, and his posthumous title was "Ping" (Qinghua bamboo slips, Xi Nian, also known as "zhuangping"). His son Yi succeeded to the throne, which was the Duke of Jin Zhao.

Life of the characters

Succeeding to the throne

In the 15th year of the reign of Duke mourning of Jin Dynasty (the 15th year of Duke Luxiang, 558 BC), on November 11, Duke mourning of Jin Dynasty passed away, and his son, Biao, succeeded to the throne.

In the first month of the year of Jin Ping (the 16th year of Lu Xiang Gong, 557 BC), Jin Ping gong'an buried his father. In the same year, Jin pinggong sent troops to attack Qi. Qi linggong, the king of Qi, fought with the Jin army, and the Qi army was defeated. The Jin army chased the Qi army, besieged Linzi, the capital of Qi State, burned down the houses in the outer city, and killed all the soldiers and civilians in the outer city. When the state of Qi attacked glue to the East and Yishui to the south, they all defended the city and did not love to fight with the Jin army, so the Jin army withdrew and returned.

Crusade against Xu Chu

In the year of Jin Ping (the 16th year of Lu Xianggong, 557 BC), Xu linggong, the king of the state of Xu, asked the state of Jin to move its capital. The state of Jin allowed the state of Xu to move, but Xu's doctors didn't want to move the capital. When Zheng's son heard that Jin was going to attack Xu, he assisted Zheng Jiangong to follow Jin's army. Qi linggong led the army to meet with Xun Yan of Jin State. In June of the same year, Jin troops were stationed in Fulin. On the 9th of June, the Jin army stationed in the Hanshi and attacked the Xu state. At this time, Xun Yan and Luan he of Jin state led the troops to attack Chu state and retaliated for the battle of Yang Liang in Song state. Prince ge of Chu led the army and fought with Jin army in zhanban. The Chu army was defeated. The Jin army attacked the outside of Fangcheng mountain, attacked Xu again, and then returned home.

Defeat Qi army again

In the sixth year of the Duke of Jin Ping (the 21st year of the Duke of Lu Xiang, 552 BC), the king of Qi went to Tianyuan (now the northwest of Puyang, Henan Province) to form an alliance with the Duke of Jin Ping and other countries, such as song, Wei, Zheng, Cao, Ju, Ying, Teng, Xue, Qi, Xiaoying, to recognize the status of the leader of Jin, and the hegemony of Jin was restored again. In the same year, Duke Xiang of Lu paid homage to the state of Jin. Luan Cheng, Minister of Jin State, fled to Qi because of his crime.

In the eighth year of Duke Ping of Jin Dynasty (the 23rd year of Duke Xiang of Lu, 550 BC), Duke Zhuang of Qi secretly sent Luan to Quwo and followed him with soldiers. Qi soldiers on the Taihang Mountain, Luan tried to rebel in Quwo, attacking Jiang city. Jiangcheng is unprepared. Jin pinggong is forced to commit suicide. Fan Xianzi stops him and leads his subordinates to fight back against Luan, who is defeated by Quwo. Quwo people attack Luan, Luan died, Quwo people destroyed Luan family. After hearing that Luan had failed, Duke Zhuang of Qi left when he returned to the state of Qi to capture the Chaoge of Jin, in revenge for the great hatred of the battle of Linzi.

In the 10th year of Duke Ping of Jin Dynasty (the 25th year of Duke Xiang of Lu, 548 BC), Duke Zhuang of Qi was killed by Cui Zhu, a minister of Qi. Taking advantage of the chaos in Qi, the state of Jin defeated the Qi army in the high Tang Dynasty in order to revenge the great hatred of the first Taihang war.

one 's power has been transferred into the hands of others

In the fourteenth year of the Duke of Jin Ping (29th year of the Duke of Lu Xiang, 544 BC), Ji Zi of the state of Wu sent an envoy to the state of Jin. He talked with Zhao Wenzi, Han xuanzi and Wei Xianzi and said, "sooner or later, the regime of the state of Jin will belong to Zhao, Wei and Han."

In the 19th year of Duke Ping of Jin (the third year of Duke Zhao of Lu, 539 BC), the state of Qi sent Yan Ying to the state of Jin to meet with Shu Xiang. Shuxiang said, "Jin is in the last days. The Duke of Jin Ping increased taxes and built terraces and pavilions, but he was not in charge of government affairs. If government affairs were left to the private sector, could the state of Jin last for a long time? " Yanzi thinks this is right.

Death

In the 26th year of the Duke of Jin Ping (the 10th year of the Duke of Lu Zhao, 532 BC), the Duke of Jin Ping died, and his son Yi succeeded to the throne.

Political initiatives

Politics

After the succession of Duke Ping of Jin Dynasty, he appointed Yang shexuan as Taifu, Zhang Junchen as Sima, Qi Xi, Han Xiang, Luan Ying and Shi Yang as officials of the public family, and Yu qiushu as chengma Yu. He changed to wear auspicious clothes, selected talents and appointed talents, and held a memorial ceremony in Quwo. During the reign of Duke Ping of Jin Dynasty, the government affairs fell into the hands of the six ministers because of heavy taxes, greed for pleasure and neglect of political affairs. The strength of the six ministers became stronger and stronger, which laid the foundation for the future division of the three Jin Dynasties.

International Relations

In 557 BC, the Duke of Jin Ping and the Duke of Lu Xiang, the Duke of Song Ping, the Duke of Wei Xian, the Duke of Zheng Jian, the Duke of Cao Cheng, the Duke of Ju Zi, the Duke of Ying Zi, the Duke of Xue Bo, the Duke of Qi Bo, and the Duke of Xiao Ying Zi met in Yingliang (now the west of Jiyuan County, Henan Province). He ordered the vassals to return to the occupied land. Because they sent envoys to and from the state of Qi and Chu, they arrested Ying Xuan Gong and Ju Li Bi Gong. Duke Ping of Jin held a banquet in Wendi and agreed with the princes to jointly fight against those who were not loyal to the alliance leader, forming a new military alliance.

military

In 557 BC, Duke Ping of Jin attacked Xu and defeated Chu in zhanban. In 536 BC, the state of Jin attacked the state of Yan. From 552 B.C. to 548 B.C., there were many battles between the state of Jin and the state of Qi.

Anecdotes and allusions

Learn by candle

One day, he said to a musician named Shi Kuang, "I'm 70 years old. I'm afraid it's too late to learn." Shi Kuang said, "why don't you light the torch quickly?" The Duke of Jin Ping said angrily, "how can a minister tease his king?" Shi Kuang said to him seriously: "how dare blind ministers tease his king! I've heard: "when you are young, you are eager to learn, just like the sun at sunrise; when you are young, you are eager to learn, just like the light of the sun at noon; when you are old, you are eager to learn, just like the light of a torch." Which is better to light the torch or walk in the dark? " After hearing this, Jin pinggong said that Shi Kuang spoke very well.

Qi Huangyang recommendation

The Duke of Jin Ping asked Qi Huangyang, "Nanyang is short of a county magistrate. Who can take up this position?" Qi Huangyang replied, "jiehu can." Jin pinggong said, "isn't jiehu your enemy?" Qi Huangyang replied, "when you ask who can take up this position, you are not asking who is my enemy." The Duke of Jin Ping praised Qi Huangyang very much and appointed him to understand Hu. The Chinese say it's good. After a period of time, the Duke of Jin Ping said to Qi Huangyang, "the country lacks military officials. Who can take up this position?" Qi Huangyang replied, "Qi Wu is OK," said Jin pinggong. "Isn't Qi Wu your son?" Qi Huangyang replied, "when you ask who can hold the post, you are not asking who is my son." The Duke of Jin Ping praised Qi Huangyang and appointed Qi Wu. The Chinese say it's good. Confucius heard about it and said, "Qi Huangyang's words are wonderful! Recommend the outsider not to avoid the enemy, recommend the family not to avoid the son. Qi Huangyang can be called impartial. "

Shi Kuang meets Ping Gong

The Duke of Jin Ping drank with his ministers. When he was drinking, he said with pride: "no one is happier than to be a monarch. No one dares to disobey his words." Shi Kuang sat in front of him. After hearing this, he picked up the piano and ran into him. The Duke of Jin Ping quickly put away his skirt to escape, and the Qin was damaged on the wall. Jin pinggong said, "who did the grand master hit?" Shi Kuang said: "now there is a villain talking, so hit him." Jin pinggong said, "it's me who is talking." Shi Kuang said, "this is not what a monarch should say." The valet asked to punish Shi Kuang. Duke Ping of Jin said, "pardon him. Take this as my warning."

Ask Jun Dao

Once, the Duke of Jin Ping asked Shi Kuang, "what is the way of governing the country?" Shi Kuang replied: "the way to run a country is to be quiet, to have broad and inclusive love, to appoint talents as soon as possible, to listen to others' opinions more, to not be rigid in the handed down customs, not to stick to one's own surroundings, to be far sighted, and to frequently examine the political achievements of his subordinates. This is the conduct of the monarch. " After hearing this, Jin pinggong said that Shi Kuang spoke very well.

Historical evaluation

Shu Xiang: "Jin, Jishi. How long has it been for the public to bestow wealth on the government instead of caring for the government

"Han Feizi" said: "pinggong lost his way, Shikuang lost his courtesy."

Historical records

Zuozhuan from the 16th year of Xianggong to the 10th year of Zhaogong

Historical records Vol.39 Jin family No.9

member of family

Father: Jin mourning

Son: Jin Zhaogong

Film and television image

In 1994, Zhou Jingchun played the role of Jin pinggong in the TV series Oriental stories.

Chinese PinYin : Jin Ping Gong