King Cheng of Chu

King Cheng of Chu

King Cheng of Chu? - 626 BC), surnamed MI, surnamed Xiong, surnamed Yun, born in Guangling, Hubei Province, and now Jingzhou, Hubei Province, is the son of King Wen of Chu, wife Mu Xi, the king of Chu in the spring and Autumn period. He was in power from 671 BC to 626 BC.

In 672 BC, he killed his brother Chu Du AO and won the throne. After King Cheng of Chu ascended the throne, bushiende made a good alliance with the princes, paid tribute to the emperor of Zhou to consolidate the throne, suppressed all ethnic groups of Yi and Yue, and vigorously expanded the territory. It was destroyed successively in Xian, Huang, Ying, Kui and other countries.

King Cheng of Chu fought for hegemony with the state of Qi. Later, because he was afraid of the power of Qi's soldiers, he held an alliance with the state of Zhaoling and temporarily made peace with the Central Plains princes. In 638 B.C., he defeated song Xianggong in the battle of Hong and dominated the Central Plains.

In 626 B.C., King Cheng of Chu was forced to commit suicide by Prince Shang Chen (King Mu of Chu) and pan Chong.

Life of the characters

Kill your brother to win the throne

King Cheng of Chu, surnamed MI, surnamed Xiong and named Yun, is the youngest son of King Wen of Chu and the wife of Mu Xi. In the 15th year of King Wen of Chu (in the 19th year of Duke Luzhuang, 675 BC, Shiji mistakenly named the 13th year of King Wen of Chu), King Wen of Chu died, and Xiong Qian, Xiong Yun's brother, succeeded to the throne.

In the third year of Chu du'ao (the 22nd year of Duke Luzhuang, 672 BC), Chu du'ao wanted to kill his younger brother Xiong Yun, so Xiong Yun fled to suiguo (now northwest Suizhou, Hubei). With the support of suiguo people, Xiong Yun united with suiguo people to attack and kill Chu Du Ao, and won the throne of King Cheng of Chu.

Qi Chu contending for hegemony

In the first year of King chucheng (the 23rd year of Duke luzhuanggong, 671 BC), as soon as king chucheng ascended the throne, he granted benevolence and benefaction to the princes, made a good alliance with them, and sent people to pay tribute to the emperor of Zhou. The emperor of Zhou gave him meat offering, saying: "guard the south, calm down the turmoil of all ethnic groups in Yiyue, and do not invade the Central Plains." So the territory of Chu extended thousands of miles away.

At that time, Zheng was located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, which was the focus of contention between Qi and Chu. Since the failure of the Yuan Dynasty to defeat Zheng in the sixth year of King Cheng of Chu (28th year of Duke Luzhuang, 666 BC), King Cheng of Chu and douziwen successively attacked Zheng in the thirteenth year of King Cheng of Chu (659 BC), the fourteenth year of King Cheng of Chu (658 BC), and the fifteenth year of King Cheng of Chu (657 BC), Zheng Wengong, the king of Zheng, wanted to make peace with Chu, but he was dissuaded by Kong Shu, the official of Zheng. Therefore, the relations between Qi and Chu are extremely tense.

In the spring of the 16th year of King Cheng of Chu (the 4th year of Duke Lu, 656 BC), Duke Huan of Qi led the Eight Allied forces of Qi, Lu, song, Chen, Wei, Zheng, Xu, Cao to attack the state of CAI. After the defeat of the CAI army, Duke Huan of Qi attacked the state of Chu. In the face of the eight powerful allied forces, King Cheng of Chu and Dou Ziwen were not afraid and calmly faced the challenge. King Cheng of Chu first sent messengers to the army and said, "the king lives in the north, and I live in the south. Even if cattle and horses are in heat and run wildly, they will not be related to each other. I didn't expect that the king would come to our land regardless of the distance. What's the reason for that? " Guan Zhong, Minister of the state of Qi, replied, "in the past, Duke Zhaokang ordered our former monarch, Tai Gong Qi, to say," you can invade the five Marquises and nine uncles in order to assist the royal family. " The scope of the expedition given to our ancestors was from the east to the sea, the west to the Yellow River, the south to Muling and the north to Wudi. If you don't pay tribute to Bao Mao of the royal family, the emperor's sacrifice is short of proper materials and can't drink to God. I'm going to ask for a crime for this. King Zhao of Zhou went to the state of Chu and didn't go back. I'm here to blame him for that. " The emissary of the state of Chu replied, "it's really our king's fault that the tribute has not been delivered. How dare we not supply it in the future? As for the fact that King Zhou Zhao didn't go back, the king asked the people at the water's edge. " Duke Huan of Qi did not listen, but continued to March and stationed in Xingdi (north of Chu, east of Luohe, Henan).

In the summer of the 16th year of King Cheng of Chu (the 4th year of Duke Lu's reign, 656 BC), King Cheng of Chu sent Qu Wan to lead his troops to the camp of the Eight Power Allied forces. The Allied forces of the eight countries retreated and stationed in Zhaoling (now east of Yancheng in Henan Province). Duke Huan of Qi put the troops under his command into a battle line, and Qu Wan took a chariot to inspect the troops. Duke Huan of Qi said, "are we sending troops for me alone? In order to continue the friendly relations established by our ancestors. How about our mutual friendship? " Qu Wan replied, "the king will come to our country to ask for blessings. Thank you for comforting me. This is my king's wish." Duke Huan of Qi said, "who can resist them when fighting with such an army? With such an army, which city will not be conquered? " Qu Wan replied, "if the king pacifies the princes with his virtue, who dares not accept? If the king uses force, the state of Chu has Fangcheng mountain as the city wall and the Han River as the moat. Even if the king has a lot of troops, it is useless. " Qu Wan made an alliance with the eight princes.

After the alliance of Zhaoling, the state of Chu continued to march northward and eastward, competing for hegemony with the state of Qi. In the autumn of the 17th year of King Cheng of Chu (the 5th year of Duke Lu, 655 BC), Duke Huan of Qi met with the princes in Shouzhi (today's East suixian County, Henan Province) in order to be the crown prince of the Zhou Dynasty. As a result, King Hui of Zhou was dissatisfied. King Hui of Zhou sent Duke Kong, the governor of Zhou, to summon Duke Wen of Zheng, saying, "I will pacify you to follow the state of Chu, and let the state of Jin assist you, so that you can have a little stability." Zheng Wengong was happy with the order of King Hui of Zhou, and was afraid of not meeting the state of Qi, so he planned to flee home instead of taking part in the oath. Kong Shu dissuades Zheng Wengong, but Zheng Wengong doesn't listen, so he leaves the army and absconds to return home. Douziwen seized the opportunity to destroy Xianguo (now between Xixian and Huangchuan in Henan Province), and the monarch of Xianguo fled to the state of Huang. At that time, the four states of Jiang, Huang, Dao and Bai and Qi were friendly, and all of them had harmonious marriage relations. Relying on these relations, the monarch of Xianguo did not serve the state of Chu, and did not set up defenses, so he was destroyed by the state of Chu. In this war, Duke Huan of Qi did not send troops to rescue.

In the summer of the 18th year of King Cheng of Chu (the sixth year of Duke Lu, 654 BC), Duke Huan of Qi led the troops of Qi, Lu, song and other countries to attack Zheng, encircling Zheng's new city (now Southeast of Mi County in Henan Province), in order to punish Zheng for not participating in the first stop and being close to Chu. In the autumn of the same year, King Cheng of Chu led his troops to the north to besiege Xu (now Xuchang, Henan Province), an ally of Qi, to rescue Zheng. Because the princes sent troops to rescue the state of Xu, King Cheng of Chu withdrew his troops and returned home. However, he did not return to Yingdu, but stationed troops in Wucheng (now Nanyang north of Henan Province) to observe the movement. In the winter of the same year, because of the fear of Chu army, Duke Xu, the king of the state of Xu, led by Cai muhou, the king of the state of CAI, went to Wucheng to meet King Cheng of Chu. Xu Fu's hands were tied back, with jade in his mouth. The doctor was dressed in filial piety, and the scholar was carrying the coffin. King Cheng of Chu asked Feng Bo. Feng Bo replied, "once upon a time, King Wu of Zhou defeated the Shang Dynasty. That's what Wei Ziqi did. King Wu of Zhou personally untied his bond, accepted his jade and held a ceremony to sweep away the evil. He burned his coffin and ordered him to return to his original position King Cheng of Chu accepted Feng Bo's suggestion. In the face of the aggressive power of King Cheng of Chu, Duke Huan of Qi attacked Zheng with all his strength to prevent Chu from going north. The state of Qi had to attack the Central Plains.

In the 21st year of King Cheng of Chu (the ninth year of Duke Lu, 651 BC), Duke Huan of Qi and the princes made an alliance in kuiqiu. Zheng and Xu were forced to join the alliance. In this situation, King Cheng of Chu was not in a hurry to fight with Duke Huan of Qi, but continued to fight eastward and roundly to avoid a direct conflict with Duke Huan of Qi, so as to gain time to move eastward.

In the winter of the 23rd year of King Cheng of Chu (the 11th year of Duke Lu, 649 BC), King Cheng of Chu sent troops to attack the state of Huang because the state of Huang (now the northwest of Huangchuan, Henan Province) did not offer tribute to the state of Chu.

In the 24th year of King Cheng of Chu (the 12th year of Duke Lu, 648 BC), King Cheng of Chu attacked the state of Jiang (now Xi county, Henan Province). In the summer of the same year, the Chu army destroyed the state of Huang. Facing the attack of King Cheng of Chu, Duke Huan of Qi did not rescue the state of Huang. After the destruction of the Yellow Kingdom, King Cheng of Chu continued to move eastward.

In the 26th year of King Cheng of Chu (the 14th year of Duke Lu, 646 BC), Britain was destroyed (now Southeast of Jinzhai, Anhui). So far, Chu power has been pushed to the middle reaches of the Huaihe River.

In the spring of the 27th year of King Cheng of Chu (the 15th year of Duke Lu, 645 BC), King Cheng of Chu sent troops to attack the state of Xu because the state of Xu (now sihongnan, Jiangsu Province) depended on the Central Plains. In March of the same year, Duke Huan of Qi made an alliance with song, Lu, Chen, Wei, Zheng, Xu, Cao and other states in muchu (now northeast of Liaocheng, Shandong Province, then belonging to Qi) and decided to rescue Xu. The monarchs of all countries were waiting in Kuangdi (now the west of suixian County, Henan Province). Meng mubo, a doctor of the state of Lu, led the armies of all countries to rescue Xu. The monarchs of all countries were forced to fight against Chu and save Xu, but they did not dare to go to the front line. In the autumn of the same year, the army of Qi and other countries attacked Li state, the ally of Chu state (now northeast Suizhou in Hubei Province), and attempted to copy the rear of Chu state in order to lift the siege of Xu state. In the winter of the same year, the state of song attacked the state of Cao while its troops were far away. The state of Chu took the opportunity to attack on a large scale and defeated the state of Xu in loulin (the northeast of Huisi County in today's an). The fact that Duke Huan of Qi defeated Chu, one of the eight kingdoms, showed that King Cheng of Chu was bold and decisive. However, Duke Huan of Qi was old and sick, and his physical strength was not as good as before. In the same year, Guan Zhong also died. In the following two years, Duke Huan of Qi had attacked the kingdom of Li and Britain in order to report the failure of the "battle of loulin" and try to recover his defeat in huaisi area, but he himself had entered the most fatuous age in his later years.

In the 29th year of King Cheng of Chu (the 17th year of Duke Lu, 643 BC), Duke Huan of Qi died, and there was no successor in the state of Qi.

It took more than ten years for King Cheng of Chu and Duke Huan of Qi to fight for hegemony. As a result, the state of Chu made brilliant achievements. The reason is that Guan Zhong died first and Qi died first

Chinese PinYin : Chu Cheng Wang