Tang Aoqing
Tang Aoqing
Tang Aoqing (191511.18-200807.15), born in Yixing, Jiangsu Province, is a physical chemist and the pioneer and founder of modern theoretical chemistry in China. He is known as "the father of quantum chemistry in China".
He graduated from the Department of chemistry of southwest United University in 1940 (the 29th year of the Republic of China). He received a doctor's degree from Columbia University in 1949. He was selected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955 and joined the Communist Party of China in June 1958
Tang Aoqing specializes in physical chemistry and polymer physical chemistry, especially quantum chemistry. The research achievements on intramolecular rotation, statistical theory of polymer chemical reaction, coordination field theory, molecular orbital pattern theory and molecular orbital symmetry conservation principle are all awarded by the state. Among them, he has published more than 260 academic papers on "coordination field theory" with his research group, and published eight academic monographs such as "coordination field theory (method, English version)" with his research group. On November 18, 2020, the naming ceremony of "Tang Aoqing star" was held in Beijing.
Life of the characters
Tang Aoqing was born on November 18, 1915 in HeQiao Town, Yixing County, Jiangsu Province.
In August 1931, Tang Aoqing was admitted to Wuxi normal school.
In July 1934, he graduated from Wuxi normal school in Jiangsu Province.
From August 1934 to January 1936, he was a teacher of Lingxia primary school in Guanlin Town, Yixing County, in order to raise the cost of going to university
In February 1936 (the 25th year of the Republic of China), he entered the cram school of Yangzhou middle school in Jiangsu Province. In the summer of the same year, Tang Aoqing was admitted to the Department of chemistry of Peking University.
In 1938 (the 27th year of the Republic of China), he went to Kunming with the University and continued to study in the Department of chemistry of southwest United University.
In July 1940 (the 29th year of the Republic of China), he graduated from the Department of chemistry of southwest United University and stayed to teach
In 1946 (the 35th year of the Republic of China), Li Zhengdao, Zhu Guangya, Wang Ruixiang and sun Benwang, together with famous Chinese chemist Zeng zhaolun, mathematician Hua Luogeng and physicist Wu Dayou, went to the United States to investigate atomic energy technology. Later, they were recommended to stay in the Department of Chemistry of Columbia University to study for a doctorate.
In November 1949, he received his doctorate from Columbia University.
In February 1950, after returning to China, he became a professor in the Department of chemistry, Peking University.
In September 1952, he was transferred to northeast Renmin University (the predecessor of Jilin University) as a professor and established the Department of chemistry with CAI piansheng
In 1963, the Ministry of Education commissioned Tang Aoqing to hold a seminar on material structure in Changchun, and selected eight young talents in Colleges and universities across the country.
From 1978 to 1986, he became president of Jilin University and presided over and led the overall work of the University.
In August 1981, he was elected academician of the International Academy of quantum molecular sciences
In 1986, as one of the important decisions of the national science and technology system reform, the State Council decided to establish the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). Tang Aoqing was appointed as the first director of NSFC.
From April 1988 to March 1993, he was a member of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National Political Consultative Conference.
In November 1990, he was elected chairman of the 23rd Council of the Chinese chemical society.
In 1994, he received the honorary doctor of Science degree from the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
At 11:15 on July 15, 2008, Tang Aoqing died in Beijing at the age of 93.
Main achievements
Achievements in scientific research
In the early 1950s, Tang Aoqing put forward the "potential energy function formula" to calculate the rotational energy change law of complex molecules, which provided a relatively reliable basis for changing the material properties from the structure. After this research achievement was published in 1955, it attracted extensive attention of academic circles at home and abroad.
In the early 1960s, with the research of coordination field theory, an important branch of chemical bond theory, we led our research group to make a breakthrough, creatively developed and improved the coordination field theory and its research methods. This achievement was rated as one of the ten outstanding achievements by the 1966 Beijing International Summer Physics Symposium, which held that this achievement "enriched and developed" The theory of coordination field is proposed, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of chemical industry catalyst and laser emission science and technology.
In the 1970s, we worked together with our collaborators on the systematic study of molecular orbital graph theory, and proposed three theorems: the calculation of eigenpolynomial, the calculation of molecular orbital coefficient, and symmetry reduction, which simplified the complicated quantum chemistry calculation to formal calculation. This formal system of quantum chemistry, whether in terms of calculation or the explanation of relevant experimental phenomena, is highly generalized and meaningful It is an intuitionistic and easy reasoning form of molecular graph.
Since the 1980s, he has devoted himself to the study of the chemical bond and result rules of boron and carbon clusters, proposed the topological conjugation relationship of boron carbon cluster structure, clarified its chemical bond characteristics and structural rules, and has a wide influence in the world.
Journal Papers
Academic works
personnel training
Tang Aoqing has taught inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, material structure, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics and other courses in Jilin University. In April 1985 and July 1987, he held workshops on micro reaction kinetics in Fudan University and Nanjing University. In summer 1986, he held a teaching and research course of quantum chemistry in Changchun with Xu Guangxian and others. In summer 1988 and 1989, he also taught in Changchun Changchun has held the workshop of polymer scaling theory in Changchun and the whole country. From 1953 to 1966, Tang Aoqing successively supervised more than 20 graduate students in the major of material structure and polymer physical chemistry. Since 1978, he has recruited 14 doctoral students and 26 master students. The students include academician Shen Jiaxiang, academician Xu Ruren, Academician Li Lemin, academician Yan Deyue, academician Chen Kaixian, academician Fang Weihai and Academician Wu Tonghao Give.
Award winning record
Social service
He once served as president of Jilin University, director of National Natural Science Foundation of China, director of National Natural Science Award Committee, member of Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, vice chairman of China Association for science and technology, member of presidium of Chinese Academy of Sciences, chairman of Chinese chemical society, editorial board member of International Journal of quantum chemistry, editor in chief of Chemical Journal of colleges and universities, etc Deputies to the 10th National People's Congress, members of the 6th National Political Consultative Conference, standing members of the 7th and 8th national political consultative conferences, and deputies to the 10th, 11th and 12th National Congresses of the Communist Party of China.
In March 1956, he was vice president of northeast Renmin University (now Jilin University)
From 1959 to 1964, he was deputy to the second National People's Congress.
From December 1964 to January 1975, he was deputy to the third National People's Congress.
From June 4 to 22, 1983, he was a member of the Sixth National Political Consultative Conference.
From August 24 to 28, 1973, he was deputy to the 10th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
From August 12 to 18, 1977, he was deputy to the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
In May 1978, he was vice president and Secretary of the Party committee of Jilin University.
From 1978 to 1986, he became president of Jilin University.
In December 1980, he was a member of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and the convener of the chemistry section of the discipline appraisal group
In May 1981, he was elected as a member of the presidium of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
From September 1 to 11, 1982, he was deputy to the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
In August 1982, he was elected chairman of the 21st Chinese chemical society, member of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and member of the presidium.
In early 1986, the State Council decided to establish the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Tang Aoqing was appointed as the first director of the foundation.
In June 1986, he was elected vice chairman of the third China Association for science and technology
In December 1987, he served as deputy director of the second National Natural Science Award Committee
Character evaluation
Tang is always the leader of the science and education front. During the period of leading the work of the Science Foundation Committee, he respected the dominant position of scientists and made outstanding contributions to the development of the science foundation with Chinese characteristics and the prosperity of China's scientific research with the broad vision and advanced management concept of strategic scientists. (comments by academician Yao Jiannian, deputy director of NSFC)
As the founder of China's modern theoretical chemistry research, Mr. Tang Aoqing has made outstanding contributions to the development of China's scientific research and the promotion of international influence; as a determined and self-improvement pioneer, Mr. Tang Aoqing's great patriotism and dedication have left a brilliant example for the world. Tang Aoqing's life is a life of struggle and dedication. His brilliant achievements and historical contributions are always worth remembering. To commemorate Mr. Tang Aoqing is to inherit and carry forward Mr. Tang's teaching spirit of loving students like children and school like home, to carry forward Mr. Tang's scientific spirit of seeking truth and being practical and innovative, and to inherit Mr. Tang's patriotic spirit of taking the overall situation into consideration and being willing to contribute. (comments by Li Yuanyuan, President of Jilin University and academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering)
Mr. Tang Aoqing's outstanding contribution to science, education and chemistry. Mr. Tang Aoqing's life is a banner, which highlights his outstanding achievements in educational science and his lofty thought and moral character. He really achieves the most perfect unity of morality and articles. Learning Mr. Tang Aoqing's thought and character is to better inherit his spirit and promote the cause of the older generation of scientists and educators represented by him. （
Chinese PinYin : Tang Ao Qing
Tang Aoqing
