Zhang Zhijiang

Zhang Zhijiang

Zhang Zhijiang (1882-1969), Zimin, haozipeng, Tianxing, was born in Yanshan, Hebei Province. He was a famous general of the northwest army and a main advocate and founder of Chinese traditional culture. He is the leader of the five tigers in the northwest army, and is honored as the Archbishop in the army. He once served as the northwest frontier defense supervisor of Chahar Dutong, acting commander in chief of the national army, and chairman of the national government's anti smoking Committee. His determination and style in banning smoking made the masses praise him as "the second Lin Zexu". Later, he served as the director of the central Chinese Art Museum. In 1936, the Wushu team was selected to participate in the 10th Olympic Games. The executive chairman of the Olympic Games specially made documentary films for the performance team. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he was a member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and died in 1969.

Profile

Zhang Zhijiang was born in liulaoren Village (now Huanghua city), Tengzhuangzi Township, Yanshan City, Hebei Province. His father is a village official. Zhang Zhijiang studied martial arts with his grandfather at the age of eight. He has loved martial arts since he was young. At the age of eighteen, he tried martial arts with a boy to help other students. A famous general of the northwest army. He graduated from the three eastern provinces lecture hall. Feng Yuxiang was one of the two main assistants in his early stage. And Feng Yuxiang are old acquaintances. At the end of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, they both worked together in the first mixed Association and the 20th Town, and were stationed in Xinmin Prefecture, Liaoning Province. Feng served as company commander and battalion commander of infantry battalion, Zhang served as platoon commander of cavalry battalion, and Zhang also participated in the anti Qing secret organization, the Martial Arts Research Association, with Feng Yuxiang as president. In 1911, both of them were dismissed for taking part in luanzhou uprising.

After the revolution of 1911, with the help of his uncle Lu Jianzhang, Feng Yuxiang was promoted from battalion commander to brigade commander in just two years. Zhang Zhijiang had no support and could not rise. He went to his old superior, general Zhang Shaozeng of Suiyuan. After several years, he was still a captain. In 1914, he turned to Feng Yuxiang and entered the 16th mixed brigade. From then on, he had a good journey. In just a few years, he was promoted from captain's staff officer, cavalry battalion commander, regimental commander, brigade commander, and the seventh mixed brigade commander to division commander and became Feng's right arm. However, Feng Yuxiang was not polite to his elder brother. Like other subordinates, he made him kneel down once he made a mistake. Of course, Zhang Zhijiang is not the only one who kneels frequently. Song Zheyuan and Lu Zhonglin also have their own examples. This is because they all regard the relationship with Feng as the relationship between monarch and minister.

After the Beijing coup in 1924, Zhang Zhijiang was promoted to Chahar Dutong and became the first member of the northwest army. In this term, he paid attention to paving roads and bridges, and was praised by the people.

In 1926, Feng Yuxiang sent a telegram to the Soviet Union for investigation. Zhang Zhijiang took over the post of northwest frontier defense supervisor and commander-in-chief of the northwest army, and led the northwest army on behalf of Feng. Although Zhang Zhijiang is loyal and honest, his ability is limited. It's very difficult to command a group of proud soldiers. Han Fuchuan and others don't agree with him. Unlike Feng Yuxiang, who used Christianity, he really believed in Christianity. When Feng Yuxiang invaded the territory of Zhili governor Li Jinglin, Zhang Zhijiang was the commander-in-chief of Feng's army and stationed in Yang village. He prayed to God every day to win the war as soon as possible. Later, Li Jinglin failed and withdrew from Tianjin to Machang. General Zhang prayed for God's protection.

In the same year, Zhang zuolin and Wu Peifu attacked the national army in Nankou. General Zhang gathered the cadre school and the guard of the supervising office and prayed in person: Lord, Zhang zuolin and Wu Peifu launched a civil war and wanted to unify China by force. They are like a boat lost in the storm. May our Lord give them wisdom to turn back and land Under his command, the northwest army was beaten to pieces by the Feng Wu allied forces. Lao Feng had to return from the Soviet Union ahead of time and vowed to reorganize the National Alliance. Zhang Zhijiang suffered from a stroke due to his mental and physical exhaustion, and then retired to the second line.

Sometimes, as a veteran of the northwest army, he carried out some coordination work. For example, after Han Fuju was detained, Jiang once sent Zhang to the Korean Ministry to pacify him. At the same time, he has some idle jobs in the Central Committee, such as Senate counsellor of the military, member of the National Political Council, President of the national anti smoking Association, etc. his main job is to serve as the director of the central Chinese Martial Arts Museum, because he likes martial arts.

In 1936, the Chinese National Martial Arts Museum selected the martial arts team to participate in the 10th Olympic Games. The executive chairman of the Olympic Games specially made a documentary for the performance team and awarded an honorary medal. After liberation, Zhang Zhijiang served as a member of the second, third and fourth CPPCC National Committee and a member of the Central Committee of the democratic revolution. Received by Mao Zedong and other party and state leaders, he died in 1969.

General Bishop

Early career

In 1903, his father was sent to Changyang Village to study in the army. In May 1907, Xu Shichang was appointed governor of the three eastern provinces, and Zhang Zhijiang was invited to serve as the sentry officer of the new first mixed cavalry battalion of the northern ocean. In the spring of 1910, Zhang Zhijiang and Feng Yuxiang organized a martial arts research association, contacted some anti Manchu intellectuals in the army, read books that exposed the cruel rule of Manchu and advocated reform, and gradually sprouted anti Qing revolutionary thoughts. In September, Zhang Zhijiang worked in the first mixed formation Association and two other regiments to form the 20th town of the Beiyang army. He was the platoon leader of the 80th cavalry battalion of the 40th Association.

In October 1911, the revolution of 1911 broke out. In December, Zhang Zhijiang participated in the luanzhou uprising and was appointed commander of cavalry. He led a platoon to Jinshanzui and then went to Shanghai to ask Chen Qimei for help.

In January 1912, after the failure of luanzhou uprising, Feng Yuxiang was dismissed and returned to his original place of origin. Wang Jinming and other comrades were killed. Zhang Zhijiang fled the 20th town alone. In the same year, he was appointed as the second staff officer of Jinbei East Road command and once acted as the commander of the East Road. In March, Feng Yuxiang was re appointed commander of the second battalion of the zuolu Beibu Army (led by Lu Jianzhang), and Zhang Zhijiang studied in the Graduate Institute of Beijing general school.

The head of five tigers

In November 1914, he returned to Feng Yuxiang's department and served as an instructor and staff officer of the 16th mixed Brigade (brigade commander Feng Yuxiang). In 1915, he joined Sichuan with Feng Yuxiang in May and served as senior counsellor of Sichuan general's office in August. In December, Yuan Shikai became emperor, and the national defense army rose.

In January 1916, the national defense army entered Sichuan, and Zhang Zhijiang fought with Feng Yuxiang and Liu Yunfeng. Zhang Zhijiang and Jiang Hongyu met Liu Yunfeng secretly on March 25 and Cai E, the commander-in-chief of the national defense army, separately, to discuss the truce. On May 22, Chen Liao, Sichuan general, fought against yuan and declared the independence of Sichuan. The 16th mixed brigade was changed into the "Fifth Division of the national defense army". The local guerrilla forces and the incorporated Sichuan army were combined into the third regiment. Zhang Zhijiang was appointed as the head of the regiment to lead the troops to defeat the counter offensive of the Beiyang army. Yuan Shikai died on June 6 and returned to Langfang after July.

In January 1917, Feng Yuxiang was forced to leave his post, and Zhang Zhijiang was the commander of the cavalry battalion of the 16th mixed brigade, stationed in the capital. In July, after Zhang Xun's restoration, Feng Yuxiang, who was "cultivated" in Tiantai Mountain in the western suburb of Beijing, went down to fight. Zhang Zhijiang led his cavalry battalion to defeat Zhang Xun's braided soldiers in Langfang.

In June 1918, the 16th mixed brigade was stationed in Changde, Hunan Province. Zhang Zhijiang served as the head of the second regiment of the 16th mixed brigade and was responsible for city security. When Japanese soldiers entered the city, they refused to accept sentry inspection, which led to bloodshed. Zhang Zhijiang ordered them to fight against the arrogance of Japanese soldiers and safeguard the dignity of the country. On July 29, Jin was appointed major general of the army. In September, he served as the head of the second regiment of the 16th mixed brigade.

On July 6, 1920, Feng Jun returned to the north, stationed in Xinyang, Henan Province, and did not participate in the Zhiwan war.

In June 1921, he entered Shaanxi with Feng Yuxiang to fight against Chen Shufan. On August 5, the 16th mixed brigade was expanded into the 11th division of the army, with Feng Yuxiang as division commander and Zhang Zhijiang as brigade commander of the 22nd brigade.

In April 1922, the first Zhifeng war broke out. Zhang Zhijiang led his troops to march with Feng Yuxiang into zhaoti, Henan Province. On May 5, Zhao's army attacked Zhengzhou. Zhang Zhijiang's army was weak, but he still fought hard. With the cooperation of reinforcements, he defeated Zhao's army and expelled Zhao Ti, a warlord who had been in Henan Province for many years. In October, he served as the commander of the seventh mixed Brigade (composed of two regiments selected from Henan new recruits of the fifth regiment). Feng Yuxiang held a training class for middle and senior officers. Zhang Zhijiang served as a supervisor and taught tactical courses. On November 20, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant general of the army and led his troops to move to Tongzhou.

On October 4, 1923, he was the commander of the seventh mixed brigade. On November 27, Cao Kun's government granted Zhang Zhijiang the title of "general Wei" in the general's office.

Acting commander in chief

On September 15, 1924, the second Zhifeng war broke out. On September 17, Zhang Zhijiang was appointed as the first commander of the Third Army (commander in chief Feng Yuxiang) of the Zhijun bandit army. On September 21, Feng Yuxiang's troops successively moved from Beijing to Rehe, with Zhang Zhijiang, the commander of the seventh mixed brigade, as the vanguard. On October 19, Feng Yuxiang decided to launch a coup d'etat in Beijing and ordered the whole army to return to Beijing. On October 23, Feng Yuxiang launched the "capital revolution". On October 25, Zhang Zhijiang and others attended the "Beiyuan meeting" and were ordered to lead the Ministry to Yangcun to meet Wu Peifu's counter attack along the Beijing Tianjin railway. On November 2, Zhang Zhijiang's brigade and Hu Jingyi's army defeated Wu Peifu's army in Yangcun, captured pan Hongjun, their brigade commander, and defeated Wu. On December 2, Wang Zhaoming, Sun Ke, Wu Jingheng and Xu Qian met with generals Li Mingzhong, Zhang Zhijiang and Liu Ji. On December 8, acting Chahar Dutong, concurrently commander of the first cavalry brigade of the national army. On December 15, three battalions of the fourth mixed brigade mutinied in Zhangjiakou and plundered the whole city. On December 16, Zhang Zhijiang led his army to Zhangjiakou Town, lured and killed more than 300 soldiers, including many regiment commanders and officers.

In 1925, Chun served as the commander of the fifth division of the national army. In Chahar, he actively carried out economic construction, rectified fiscal and tax revenue, eliminated accumulated disadvantages, built roads, built telephone and telegraph lines, and advocated animal husbandry,

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Zhi Jiang