Chu Minyi

Chu Minyi

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Chu Minyi (1884-1946) was born in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. He was a diplomat during the period of the Republic of China and a senior member of the Chinese Kuomintang. During the Anti Japanese War, he became a traitor and an important figure of the Wang puppet government. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he was arrested by the national government for the crime of traitor and executed in 1946.

Life of the characters

Early activities

Chu Minyi was born in a scholar bureaucrat family. His father, Chu Jitian, was a famous doctor. In his early years, Chu Minyi studied English and science.

In 1903, he went to Japan to study politics and economics. At that time, he was fascinated by revolutionary ideas. In 1906, he went to France with his fellow countryman Zhang Jingjiang and arrived in Paris. After that, he and Wu Zhihui, Li Shizeng and Cai Yuanpei founded the China Press, and published the new century monthly and the world pictorial to publicize the anti Manchurian revolution.

In November 1911, Chu Minyi returned to Shanghai, which was controlled by the revolutionaries after the 1911 Revolution. After Huang Xing's introduction, he met Wang Jingwei and Chen Bijun, and then married Chen shunzhen, Chen Bijun's sister, and became Wang Jingwei's brother-in-law.

In April 1912, he became the general director of the headquarters of the Chinese League in Shanghai.

Later, Song Jiaoren reorganized the alliance and other groups into the Kuomintang. Chu Minyi was disappointed and went to Europe to study in Belgium in September to study at the Free University of Brussels.

In the spring of 1915, he returned to Shanghai to overthrow yuan and went to Europe three times in September. After returning to Europe, he organized the Chinese French Education Association in France with Cai Yuanpei and Wang Jingwei to support Chinese students. Soon after that, he became an anarchist.

In 1920, he, Wu Jingheng and Li Shi founded the University of China and France in Paris as vice presidents. In the same year, he went to the University of Strasbourg to study medicine. In 1924, he received a doctor's degree from the University of Strasbourg, France.

the Republic of China era

At the end of 1924, Chu Minyi returned to China and engaged in education in the Chinese Kuomintang led by Sun Yat Sen. he served as professor and acting president of Guangdong University and President of Guangdong Medical College.

In January 1926, Chu Minyi was elected as an alternate executive member of the Central Committee at the second National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang, and was soon promoted to executive member of the Central Committee.

Later, as Wang Jingwei's confidant, he participated in the party and government activities and became an important person of the reorganization group. At the beginning of the northern expedition in July of the same year, he served as the chief medical officer of the general command.

In 1928, he went to Europe to study public health. After returning to China, he served as chairman of the National Health Construction Committee.

In January 1932, Chiang Kai Shek reconciled with Wang Jingwei. Wang Jingwei became president of the Executive Yuan, and Chu Minyi became Secretary General of the Executive Yuan. In 1934, he also served as chairman of the Xinjiang Construction Planning Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang.

In November 1935, Wang Jingwei was seriously injured by sun Fengming, an assassin sent by Wang yaqiao, at the party headquarters of the Central Committee of Nanjing, so he resigned. Chu Minyi also resigned and went to Shanghai to serve as the president of the French Institute of technology.

Years of traitors

In 1937, when the Japanese invaders occupied Shanghai, Chu Minyi served as president of the Chinese French Institute of technology and director of the medical research department of the Chinese French technical school.

In May 1939, he was attracted by Wang Jingwei, who visited Shanghai secretly, and took part in the activities of establishing the pro Japanese government, so he became one of the core figures of Wang Jingwei's puppet government. In August of the same year, Wang Jingwei held the Sixth National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang in Shanghai. Chu Minyi was elected standing member of the central supervisory commission and Secretary General of the central party department. Later, at the first plenary session of the Sixth Central Committee of the puppet Kuomintang, Chu Minyi was appointed secretary general and became Wang's "general manager". At that time, the traitors under Wang and Chen were known as "Chen Gongbo's mouth, Zhou Fuhai's pen and Chu Minyi's leg".

In March 1940, the Wang puppet national government in Nanjing was established, and Chu Minyi served as vice president and foreign minister of the Executive Yuan. In December of the same year, he served as ambassador to Japan. In October 1941, he returned to the post of foreign minister and concurrently served as the chairman of the puppet Sino Japanese Cultural Association. There was a drama group in the association, with Pu Dong directing the making of music and color singing. In 1942, he served as a special envoy to Japan and was awarded the first-class sunrise ribbon by Emperor Showa.

In the Wang puppet national government in Nanjing, he was a member of the "Gongguan faction", a faction close to Wang Jingwei and Chen Bijun.

In November 1944, after Wang Jingwei died, Chen Gongbo acted as the chairman of the national government. Since then, there has been a fierce conflict between Chu Minyi and Chen Gongbo.

In July 1945, Chu Minyi was appointed governor and security commander of Guangdong Province and director of Guangzhou appeasement. In August of the same year, when Japan surrendered, Chu Minyi showed obedience to Chiang Kai Shek, but he was arrested by Chiang Kai Shek in October.

On October 14, 1945, Chu Minyi was trapped by the military Bureau in Guangzhou. He was under house arrest with Chen Bijun and others. Later, he was escorted to the detention house at 25 Ninghai Road, Nanjing.

In 1946, Chu Minyi was put into the third prison of Jiangsu high court. On March 21, Chu Minyi was sentenced to death by the Nanjing high court.

On August 23, 1946, Chu Minyi was executed on the execution ground of Suzhou SHIZIKOU prison for the crime of traitor.

Stealing Sun Yat Sen's liver

On April 15, 1946, Chu Minyi, the fourth figure of the Wang puppet regime, was trapped by the Kuomintang juntong and escorted to Nanjing, where he was sent to Suzhou Jiangsu high court for trial. On April 22, the Jiangsu high court sentenced Chu Minyi to death. "The case of Sun Yat Sen's liver stolen came to the surface after Chu Minyi was sentenced to death." Wang Xiaohua, a researcher of the second historical archives of China, discovered this detail when sorting out all the materials of the traitor trials during the period of the Republic of China.

After the trial, Chu Minyi was locked up in Suzhou prison. He was not reconciled and said that he was willing to give up his treasure for many years in order to atone for his contributions. Chiang Kai Shek, convalescent in Wangshan, Chongqing, was very angry when he learned of Chu Minyi's behavior, but he did not dare to be careless. For the sake of prudence, he handed the matter over to the military Bureau. Mao Renfeng sends Ye Xiangzhi and Shen Zui to Suzhou prison to ask what treasure Chu Minyi is. Chu Minyi wrote a personal letter to Ye Xiangzhi and shenzui, asking them to go to a relative's home in Nanjing to get the treasure.

In the book "Dai Li as I know" written by Shen Zui, I found the confirmation answer to this matter. Intoxicated in the book, he wrote about his eagerness to "get treasure". He said: "I rushed back with great curiosity. After I got off the bus, I didn't do anything, so I went to get this treasure first." Results drunk to Chu Minyi relatives home, take out a treasure, it is a pair of bubble in formalin in the liver.

Sun Yat Sen's liver was found again. But since then, the whereabouts have not been confirmed by relevant archival materials. According to Wang Han, deputy director of Nanjing Municipal Archives Bureau, in the 1980s, during the study of "Sun Yat Sen's liver Stolen Case", we found fan Liang, Sun Yat Sen's bodyguard, and many old people in the Zhongshan cemetery management office. They all said that the recovered liver was eventually incinerated.

On the eve of the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Chu Minyi, who was then the "director of the Management Committee of the National Father cemetery" of the Wang puppet government, seized Sun Yat Sen's liver, which was stored in front of the spirit vessel, and stored it in a relative's home in Nanjing. He knew the importance of Sun Yat Sen's liver, he wanted to leave a way for himself.

After giving up the whereabouts of Sun Yat Sen's liver, the Jiangsu high court issued a ruling on Chu Minyi, which found that Chu's protection of "father of the nation", "spirit and viscera" and his posthumous works "could not be regarded as futile", and he was allowed to have a retrial. Through the media, the court introduced in detail how Chu Minyi negotiated with the Japanese, how he obtained Dr. Sun Yat Sen's liver and literature, and intended to show his contribution to Chu. However, it immediately caused a public outcry, and many senior figures of the Kuomintang expressed their indignation at Chu Minyi's theft of "the father of the country" and "the spirit dirty" and taking it for themselves. Under strong external pressure, Chu Minyi was finally executed.

Chinese PinYin : Chu Min Yi