Lu Zhaogong

Lu Zhaogong

Duke Zhao of Lu (560-510 BC), surnamed Lu and named Hou, was born in Qufu (now Qufu City, Shandong Province), son of Duke Xiang of Lu, whose mother was Qi GUI. He was the 25th monarch of the state of Lu in the spring and Autumn period (541-510 BC).

In 542 BC, Duke Lu Zhao ascended the throne. In 517 BC, civil strife broke out in the state of Lu due to cockfighting. Duke Zhao fled to the states of Qi and Jin. In 510 BC, Duke Lu Zhao died at the age of 51.

Life of the characters

Ascend to the throne

Duke Zhao of Lu, surnamed Ji, was named Li (Shi Ji Suoyin and Shi Ji Ji Ji Jie), the son of Duke Xiang of Lu, whose mother was Qi GUI (Hu Guo Nu, surnamed GUI, posthumous title Qi, so called Qi GUI).

In June 542 BC (the 31st year of Duke Lu Xiang), Duke Lu Xiang died. Ji ziye, the son of Duke Lu Xiang and Jinggui, the daughter of the state of Hu, ascended the throne. Ji ziye died in September of the same year. Lu people made Ji Li, the son of Qi GUI, the younger sister of Jing GUI, the king of the country and the Duke of Lu Zhao.

When Lu Zhaogong ascended the throne, he was already 19 years old, but he was still a child. Uncle sun Bao, a doctor of the state of Lu, didn't want to make him king. He said: "when the prince died, if he had a brother with the same mother, he would have a brother with the same mother. If he didn't have a brother with the same mother, he would have a eldest son. If the age is equal, the wise will be chosen. If the age is equal, the wise will be determined by divination. Now the young master is not the heir, and when he is in mourning, he is not sad, but happy. If you really make him king, it will become Ji's worry. " Ji Wuzi didn't listen, so he supported him. After the burial of Duke Lu Xiang, Duke Lu Zhao changed his funeral clothes three times. At that time, Lu nobles thought that Lu Zhao Gong could not die well.

civil strife

In 517 BC (the 25th year of the Duke of Lu Zhao), Ji Pingzi fought with Lu Zhaobo. Ji Pingzi put armor on the chicken and Lu Zhaobo put metal claws on the chicken. Ji Pingzi is angry and invades his uncle, who is also angry with Ji Pingzi. Zang Zhaobo's younger brother would slander Zang and hide in Ji's family. Zang Zhaobo imprisoned Ji's family. Ji Pingzi was angry and imprisoned Zang's minister. It is difficult for Zang's and Hou's to announce to Lu Zhao.

On September 11 of the same year, Duke Lu Zhao attacked Faji and entered his family. Ji Pingzi stepped on the stage and asked: "the monarch, because of listening to slander and not observing the sins of his ministers, will punish me. Please allow me to move to the edge of Yishui." Duke Lu Zhao did not allow it. Ji Pingzi asked to be imprisoned in Fuyi, and Lu Zhaogong did not allow it. Ji Pingzi asked to take five cars to escape, but Lu Zhaogong still didn't allow it.

Minister Zi Jiaju said to Lu Zhaogong: "the monarch should allow him! It's been a long time since the decree came out of Ji's family. They have a lot of followers and will conspire to deal with it. " Lu Zhaogong didn't listen. Wang Zhaobo asks to kill Ji Pingzi. Uncle sun's family Minister Li said to his disciples, "without Ji's family or with Ji's family, which is better?" All the disciples said, "if there is no Ji family, there is no Shu Sun family." So Ji Zhaogong decided to rescue Lu Li.

Hearing that his uncle sun won, Meng Yizi also wanted to kill him. As an emissary of Duke Lu Zhao, he went to Mengshi, so Mengshi captured him. The three families attacked Lu Zhaogong and he fled.

exile

On September 12, 517 BC (the 25th year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao fled to the state of Qi. Qi Jinggong said, "please let me present 25000 households and wait for your orders." Zijiaju said, "is it OK to abandon the foundation of Duke Zhou and become a minister of Qi?" Duke Lu Zhao gave up. Zijiaju said, "Qi Jinggong is not trustworthy. It's better to go to the state of Jin as soon as possible." Duke Lu Zhao didn't listen. Uncle sun came to the state of Qi to see Duke Lu Zhao. After returning home, he went to see Ji Pingzi. Ji Pingzi kowtowed and began to want to welcome him back. Later, mengsun and Ji repented and gave up.

In the spring of 516 BC (26th year of Duke Lu Zhao), the state of Qi attacked the state of Lu and captured the Yunyi of the state of Lu, where Duke Lu Zhao lived. In the summer of the same year, Duke Qi Jing was going to escort Duke Lu Zhao back to the state of Lu, ordering his ministers not to accept bribes from Lu people. Shen Feng and Ru Jia, the doctors of the state of Lu, promised to give to Gao Dan and Zi, the doctors of the state of Qi, 80000 Dou of corn. Zi Jiang said to Qi Jinggong, "it's strange that the officials can't serve Lu Jun. The Duke of song and Yuan went to the state of Jin to ask for help for Lu Zhaogong, and asked to escort Lu Jun back home. He died on the way. Uncle sun Zhaozi asked to escort Lu Jun back home and died of no disease. I don't know if God wants to abandon Lu Jun? Or did Lu Jun offend ghosts? I hope the monarch will wait. " Qi Jinggong listened to him and did not escort Lu Zhaogong back home.

Death

In 514 BC (the 28th year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao went to the state of Jin and asked to escort him back to China. Ji Pingzi bribed Liu Qing of Jin State. Liu Qing accepted Ji's bribe and dissuaded Jin Qinggong. Jin Qinggong gave up and let Lu Zhaogong live in Qian Hou of Jin State.

In 513 BC (29th year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao went to Yunyi. Qi Jinggong sent a letter to Lu Zhaogong, which was called "Lord". At that time, the doctor called him "Lord". Qi Jinggong compared Lu Zhaogong to a doctor, so he called him "Lord". Lu Zhaogong felt ashamed and went to qianhou in anger.

In 511 B.C. (the 31st year of Duke Zhao of Lu), the state of Jin wanted to escort Duke Zhao back to China and summon Ji Pingzi. Ji Pingzi, dressed in rags and barefoot, thanks to the king of Jin through Liuqing. Liu Qing explained to Ji Pingzi, "the state of Jin wants to escort Lu Zhaogong back to China, but Lu Zhaogong's entourage is not willing." Jin people give up.

In December of 510 BC (the 32nd year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao fell ill. At the end of December, Duke Lu Zhao died at the age of 51. The people of the state of Lu jointly established song, the younger brother of Duke Lu Zhao, as the king of the state, which was Duke Lu Ding.

Political initiatives

During the reign of Duke Lu Zhao, he went to the state of Jin four times to pay homage to the king of Jin. Later, he said that he was ill and did not join the alliance of the princes presided over by the state of Chu. King Ling of Chu built zhanghuatai, and Duke Zhao of Lu went to congratulate him. King Ling of Chu gave him the treasure, but later he repented and cheated it back.

① And the state of Jin

In 539 BC (the third year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao went to pay homage to Duke Jin Ping, the king of Jin, who was also a vassal. When he arrived at the Yellow River, Duke Jin Ping sent someone to decline politely. The people of Lu thought it a shame.

In 530 B.C. (the 12th year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao went to worship Duke Jin Ping again. When he arrived at the Yellow River, Duke Jin Ping gave up again, and Duke Lu Zhao had to return to the state of Lu.

In 527 BC (the 15th year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao met Duke Jin Zhao. The next year, Duke Zhao of Jin died, and the people of Jin left him to be buried for him, which was a shame for the people of Lu.

In 521 B.C. (the 21st year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao saw Duke Jin Qinggong arrive at the Yellow River. The state of Jin said goodbye, and Duke Lu Zhao returned to the state of Lu.

② And the state of Chu

In 538 B.C. (the fourth year of Duke Lu Zhao), King Ling of Chu kingdom made an alliance with the princes in Shenyi. Duke Lu Zhao said that he was ill and did not go.

In 534 BC (the eighth year of Duke Lu Zhao, March of the seventh year of the spring and Autumn Annals), King Ling of Chu built zhanghuatai and summoned Duke Lu Zhao. Duke Lu Zhao went to congratulate him, and the king of Chu Ling gave him a treasure. Later, King Ling of Chu repented and cheated the treasure back.

Anecdotes

Know the instrument but not the propriety

In 537 BC (the fifth year of Duke Lu Zhao), Duke Lu Zhao went to the state of Jin to worship Duke Jin Ping. From Jiao Lao (a welcoming ceremony held in the suburbs of Jin State) to gifts, Duke Lu Zhao did a very good job.

The Duke of Jin Ping couldn't help but look at Lu Zhao with new eyes. He said to the female Shuqi, a doctor of Jin State: "isn't the monarch of Lu state very polite?" Unexpectedly, nvshuqi didn't agree with Jin pinggong. He said that Lu Zhaogong was only good at rites, not Zhou rites. Nvshuqi explained that rites were used to guard the country, implement government decrees, and not lose the people. The power of the king of the state of Lu fell to the hands of the literati. The official office of the state of Lu was divided into four parts by the three political families of Jisun, shusun and mengsun. Because of the loss of power, the people did not pay much attention to the situation of the monarch. As a monarch, misfortune is coming to him. He still studies etiquette in a trivial way, but he doesn't think of a way to solve it. How can this be regarded as a gift?

Yanzi talking about Zhaogong

When Lu Zhao fled to the state of Qi, Qi Jing asked him, "Why are you so young and lose your country so early? Why is it so? " Lu Zhaogong replied: "when I was young, there were many people who loved me, but I couldn't get close to them myself; there were many people who advised me, but I didn't take their opinions. So there's no one inside or outside to help me. No one helped me, but many flattered me. It's like the autumn grass. The roots are lonely, but the branches and leaves are very prosperous. When autumn comes, the roots will be pulled down. "

Jin Jing recognized that his words were very good, so he told Yanzi the words and said, "if this man were allowed to return to his country, wouldn't he become a monarch like the ancient sage monarch?" Yan Zi replied, "don't do that. Stupid people are always regretful. Immoral people always think they are virtuous. The flooded people don't ask about the route of the water, and the disoriented people don't ask about the road. It's like rushing to forge weapons in the face of the disaster of foreign invasion, or rushing to dig a well in the face of choking. Even if it's too soon, it's too late. "

Historical evaluation

Uncle sun Bao: "today I'm not a suitable heir, and I'm not in mourning. I'm happy because I'm not in mourning. If I succeed, I'll worry about Ji."

Lu nobles: "it is not the end."

Sima Qian: "in the 19th year of Zhao Gong, he was still childlike."

Wang Jing: "in the past, Duke Zhao of Lu could not bear Ji's family. He lost his country and laughed for the whole world."

Historical records

Historical records Volume 33 the third of Duke Zhou's family

See:

Lu Zhougong family

member of family

parent

Father: Lu Xianggong

Mother: Qi GUI

Chinese PinYin : Lu Zhao Gong