Guo Rugui

Guo Rugui

Guo Rugui (1907-october 23, 1997), a special agent of the Communist Party of China and one of the 13 Taibao of the civil engineering department, was known as Guo Xiaogui. He was a cousin of Guo Rudong, a warlord of the Sichuan army. Born in Huangpu, he joined the Communist Party of China in 1928. After he lost his organizational ties, he left the party and went to the Japanese army sergeant school for further study. After returning home, he went to the Army University for further study. During the Anti Japanese War, he won Chen Cheng's appreciation for his excellent staff ability, During the war of liberation, he was promoted to director of the Department of operations of the Ministry of national defense three times a year. He reestablished contact with the Communist Party of China and secretly met with Dong Biwu, head of the Southern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. From then on, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, he devoted himself to the hidden intelligence front, bravely fought a special battle in the heart of the Kuomintang, continuously provided top secret military intelligence to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and disintegrated the Kuomintang army in the enemy's fortress, making great achievements in winning the great victory of the people's Liberation War. Later, he led the 72 army uprising in Yibin. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, on the premise that it still needs to be kept secret, Comrade Guo Rugui's identity was not disclosed, and his treatment was treated as a defected general. He was shocked in all previous movements, rejoined the party after the reform and opening up, and edited the history of China's military history and the history of the frontal battlefield of the Anti Japanese war. After the publication of his memoir, he made a contribution to intelligence and was the biggest red spy of the Chinese Communist Party.

In his later years, Guo Rugui enjoyed the rank of commander of the Deputy Corps. On October 23, 1997, he died in a car accident at the age of 90. At the memorial service for Comrade Guo Rugui held by the Central Military Commission, he was highly appraised. He praised his life as "a life of adventure, twists and turns, rich and profound", and said that Comrade Guo Rugui "made great contributions to the victory of the Anti Japanese War and the cause of people's liberation".

Life of the characters

Join Huangpu

Guo Rugui was born in 1907 in Tongliang County, Sichuan Province (today's Tongliang, Chongqing), a scholarly family. During the reign of Daoguang, Guo Hexi, the great ancestor, was on the same list as Li Tiaoyuan, a famous scholar in Shu, a famous opera theorist and writer in Qing Dynasty. He successively served as the educator of Mianning, Cangxi, Zitong, Zhaohua, Qianwei and Gongxian, and wrote yidengji. His father, Guo Langxi, once ranked first in the imperial examination at the end of the Qing Dynasty in the case of the governor of Chongqing. The scholar's fame is already in his grasp, and he hopes to win the imperial examination. His dream is empty because of the abolition of the imperial examination system. Guo Rugui's original name was Rugui, because he was born on the ninth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar, which was the day when Kao Ju Ren was admitted to the examination in the Qing Dynasty. His father, who was still obsessed with "changong zhegui", named his eldest son Rugui. It may be that Guo Langxi is fond of discussing current affairs and often criticizes the Northern Warlords for their political corruption and social darkness. Guo Rugui has been deeply influenced since she was a child.

In 1919, Guo Rugui went to Chengdu with her father to study in the primary school attached to Chengdu Normal University and Chengdu United middle school. After the outbreak of the May 4th movement, all kinds of social thoughts were surging. Influenced by Hu Zilin, Guo Rugui had a hazy liking for socialism. In 1924, Guo Zheng joined with Zhang Xuechao, the headmaster of the feudal middle school. At the end of 1925, Guo Rugui graduated from Chengdu united high school. His father wanted Guo Rugui to study medicine in Shanghai Tongji University, but Guo Rugui was influenced by the idea of saving the country by science and devoted himself to study medicine. At this time, Guo Rudong, a cousin who had been promoted to the rank of commander of Sichuan army, decided to send some young officers to Huangpu Military Academy to study in order to take refuge in the Guangdong revolutionary government. He suggested that Guo Rugui, who had just turned 18, go with him. Guo hesitated at the crossroads of studying in engineering, medicine and army. When I arrived in Shanghai, I went to consult Chen Tingdong, an old classmate who had been admitted to Tongji University. Chen Tingdong pondered for a long time and replied: "brother Rugui, politics is not on track. Saving the country by science and industry are empty. In my opinion, you might as well go to Guangdong to do the revolution! " With the words of Chen Tingdong and the persuasion of Yuan Jingming, a secret member of the Communist Party of China, Guo Rugui changed "Rugui" into "Rugui", and joined six young officers of the Sichuan army, including yuan Jingming and Fu Bingxun, in the fifth phase of the Huangpu Military Academy. From then on, he began his career as a professional soldier.

At that time, it was the first period of KMT communist cooperation, and the atmosphere of Guangzhou revolution was very strong. With the victory of the northern expedition, except for the two brigades of infantry, the three brigades of artillery, engineering and political science moved to Wuhan with the Kuomintang communist cooperation. Most of the political instructors in Huangpu Military Academy are communists. Guo Rugui, who was included in the fifth student team of political science, listened to the lectures given by Xiao Chunv and Yun Daiying, read the works of Li Da and Chen Duxiu, and realized that only by overthrowing imperialism and feudal warlords, implementing Dr. Sun Yat Sen's new three people's principles, and then realizing socialism, can China become rich and strong. At this time, when Guo Rugui learned that her friend Yuan Jingming, who was admitted to Huangpu Military Academy with her, was a communist, she asked yuan to introduce herself to the party. Because Guo Rugui is Guo Rudong's cousin, Yuan Jingming told him that it would take a period of time to test him.

Join the Communist Party of China

When Guo Rugui was about to graduate from the Huangpu Military Academy, Chiang Kai Shek, then commander in chief of the Northern Expedition army and President of the Huangpu Military Academy, was in opposition to the Wuhan National Government, which cooperated with the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. On April 14, 1927, the news of Chiang Kai Shek's April 12 counter revolutionary coup in Shanghai had not yet spread in Wuhan. Wu Yuzhang, who is actually in charge of the affairs of Huangpu Military Academy, quietly calls Guo Rugui and Fu Bingxun to the office, informs them to graduate early and return to Sichuan immediately. At this time, Guo Rugui's cousin, who is also Fu Bingxun's wife and brother, was the deputy commander of Sichuan Hubei border defense headquarters, with two divisions and a brigade. Wu Yuzhang said solemnly: "the situation is very critical. Chiang Kai Shek has publicly defected and is likely to attack Wuhan. Sichuan warlord Yang Sen will cooperate with Chiang Kai Shek in his attack. You should return to Sichuan as soon as possible and find a way for Guo Rudong to stop Yang Sen from leaving Sichuan to attack Wuhan. If the prevention is ineffective, he can be advised to wait for Yang Sen to leave Sichuan and hit his rear to make him collapse. If he can't do it, he will have to help Yang Sen without a single soldier. " Guo Rugui and Fu Bingxun shoulder the mission of Wu Yuzhang. Together with Ren Tiyou and others who graduated at the same time, they returned to Sichuan from Wuhan. Guo Rugui and Fu Bingxun arrived at Fuling, where Guo Rudong was stationed, and conveyed Wu Yuzhang's opinions. Guo Rudong replied: "I have a bad relationship with Yang Sen and I can't persuade him; I don't have enough strength to attack him; but if Yang Sen sends troops, I can't persuade him." It never occurred to Guo Rugui that while he said he would never support Yang Sen, Guo Rugong had sent a special envoy to Nanjing to show his loyalty to Chiang Kai Shek. Guo Rugui also happily wrote a secret letter to report to Wu Yuzhang: "Guo Rudong has accepted his third opinion", and he was also appointed as a section member of the political department by Guo Rudong. He made speeches everywhere to publicize Sun Yat Sen's three major policies of "uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party and helping farmers and workers", and denounced Chiang Kai Shek's betrayal of the revolution. He won the deep love of Fang Xuelan, a female teacher and student who later became his wife, and soon became a famous red figure in Fuling City.

But soon, the Wuhan National government headed by Wang Jingwei joined hands with Chiang Kai Shek in Nanjing to oppose the Communist Party. From then on, Guo Rugui lost contact with Wu Yuzhang and had to stay in Guo Rudong's Department, which was still able to accommodate the Communist Party. In May 1928, Guo Rugui was introduced by Yuan Jingming, deputy major and head of the Communist Party branch, to join the Communist Party of China and realized his desire.

Study in Japan

Guo Rugui stayed in the Sichuan army for three years and found his cousin Guo Rudong increasingly reactionary. At the instigation of Chiang Kai Shek, this man first killed Li weiru, the Communist Party's mentor who organized workers' and peasants' armed forces in the Longtan area of Fuling, and became the commander of the 20th army instead of Yang Sen. In order to expand his territory, Xuan took part in two warlord battles against Yang (SEN) and Liu (Xiang). In April 1930, the Central Plains war broke out between Chiang Kai Shek and Feng Yan. Chiang Kai Shek dispatched Guo Rudong's troops to Hubei Province to stabilize the rear. At this time, Guo Rugui had been promoted to commander of the Third Battalion of the first regiment of guobu independent brigade. One night, Yuan Jingming, who had already left Guo's Department, came to contact Guo Rugui and asked him to lead his third battalion to cooperate with the Red Army guerrillas to hold a riot. However, due to communication errors and confusion between the enemy and ourselves, the battalion prepared to cooperate with the Red Army was annihilated by the Red Army. Guo Rugui was also shot and injured, and was sent to Tongren Hospital in Hankou. Only when he was discharged from the hospital did he know that the three battalions had been withdrawn because of the heavy losses. Guo Rugui had to work as a staff officer in the military headquarters.

In order to strengthen the control of the 20th army, Chiang Kai Shek ordered Guo Rudong to thoroughly "clean up the Communist Party" and sent Huang Pu Sheng, who was pro Jiang, to take charge of it. Guo Rudong, who has always been tactful, was the first to give gifts to some officers who thought they were Communists. Although Guo Rugui and Fu Bingxun did not admit that they were Communists, Guo Rugong did not dare to stay any longer. Instead, they advised them to study in Japanese Sergeant school. At this time, Guo Rugui had lost contact with the party organization, thinking: it's OK to go to Japan to avoid it. If you go to Japan to learn some real skills, you may make greater contributions to the revolution in the future. Recalling this experience in her later years, Guo Rugui said: "at that time, I thought I had a plan, but I didn't know that it had become a turning point in my political life. Since then, I have been on a detour for more than ten years."

Guo Rugui and Fu Bingxun arrived in Japan in November 1930. After six months of language learning, they were admitted to the Japanese Sergeant school in April 1931. In Japan, he not only received strict education and training in military technology and improved his quality as a professional soldier, but also suffered discrimination and insult from the Japanese authorities as a Chinese. Especially when there are some key military technologies and new weapons, Japanese instructors always try their best to prevent Chinese students from studying

Chinese PinYin : Guo Ru Gui