Xu Guangda

Xu Guangda

Xu Guangda (November 19, 1908 - June 3, 1969) was a revolutionist and militarist of the Chinese proletariat. Luofuchong, Dongxiang, Changsha County, Hunan Province. He joined the Communist Party of China in September 1925. In the spring of 1926, he studied in the fifth issue of Huangpu Military Academy. During his revolutionary career, he successively served as trainee platoon leader, platoon leader, acting company commander, army chief of staff, division commissar and division commander, training director, education director and President of the Anti Japanese military and Political University, general of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee and Yan'an traffic commander, air defense commander and garrison commander, brigade commander of the 2nd independent brigade of the 120th division of the Eighth Route Army and division commander of the 2nd army of the Jinsui military region, and Jinsui military region commander Commander of the third column, commander of the Northwest Field Army, commander of the Second Corps, etc., participated in the southern expedition, maliangping battle, Suiyuan battle, Gaojiabao battle, Yulin battle, shajiadian battle, Yanqing battle, Yichuan battle, Chengying battle, Libei battle, Fuying battle, Lanzhou battle, etc.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Xu Guangda served as commander of the armored forces and vice minister of national defense, making outstanding contributions to the modernization and normalization of the army. He was awarded the rank of general in 1955. He died on June 3, 1969 at the age of 61.

Life of the characters

Early experience

On November 19, 1908, Xu Guangda was born in a poor farmer's family in luofuchong, Dongxiang, Changsha County, Hunan Province. He ranked fifth and was named wuyazi. in 1916, Xu Guangda enrolled in xujiayuan primary school in Changsha County

Xu Dehua

. In 1919, Xu Guangda was admitted to the first primary school in Li Town, Changsha County. In the autumn of 1921, Xu Guangda was admitted to Changsha normal school and actively participated in the patriotic student movement.

The Great Revolution

In May 1925, Xu Guangda joined the Communist Youth League of China. In September, he was transferred to the Communist Party of China. In 1926, Xu Guangda was sent by the Communist Party of China and admitted to the fifth artillery section of Huangpu Military Academy. In July 1927, Xu Guangda joined the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army and served as the trainee platoon leader of the artillery barracks.

Agrarian Revolution

On August 2, 1927, Xu Guangda was ordered to take part in the uprising in Nanchang from Jiujiang, but when he arrived in Nanchang, the uprising troops had already withdrawn. Later, he caught up with the uprising troops in Ningdu, Jiangxi Province, and served as platoon leader and acting company commander of the Third Battalion and 11th company of the 75th regiment of the 25th division of the 11th army. At the beginning of October, he was wounded by artillery shells in sanheba battle and lost contact with the troops. In January 1928, Xu Guangda transferred to Shouxian County, Anhui Province and secretly engaged in military transportation in the Kuomintang army. Soon after, his identity was revealed and he was forced to travel around. In September, he returned to Changsha. On October 7, the Changsha police force, under the command of He Jian, arrested Xu Guangda and was forced to flee Changsha. Renaming

Xu Fanzhou

He took refuge with Zou Xilu, the father-in-law of Qinghe County, Hebei Province, and became the police chief. He used his power to release some political prisoners. And plans to plot against the guard, adapted into a guerrilla. In May 1929, Xu Guangda found the CPC Organization in Wuhu, Anhui Province. In July, it changed its name

Xu Luohua

He was sent to the military training class held by the Central Military Commission in Shanghai. In September, he was sent by the CPC Central Committee to Honghu Soviet Area as a representative of the CPC Central Committee, engaged in military struggle, and changed his name

Xu Guangda

. In February 1930, Xu Guangda participated in the formation of the Sixth Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army and served as chief of staff. In July, he was the commander of the 17th division of the 2nd Red Army. In October, he led the army to take part in the southern expedition and cooperated with the Red 1 and red 3 corps to attack Changsha. In March 1931, Xu Guangda was appointed head of the 22nd regiment of the 8th division of the 3rd Red Army. In May, he took part in the battle of maliangping. When he lost contact with the main force and was besieged by the Kuomintang troops, he led his troops to climb the cliff to get out of the encirclement and spent two months in the mountains and forests with the Kuomintang troops. After meeting with the main force of the Red Army, he served as the commander of the 8th division and the head of the 25th regiment of the Red Army. In January 1932, Xu Guangda was seriously injured in Yingcheng battle. Because of the poor medical conditions in the Soviet Area, the bullet was not taken out. Xia, who was sent to the Soviet Union for treatment, was admitted to Moscow International Lenin college. In 1936, Xu Guangda asked to return to China, but Wang Ming refused. Later, he entered the automobile training class of the Communist University of eastern China.

Counter-Japanese War

In November 1937, Xu Guangda left the Soviet Union and returned to China under the arrangement of Wang Jiaxiang and others. In early 1938, Xu Guangda arrived in Yan'an, where he served successively as the training minister, chief educator and President of the third branch of the Chinese people's Anti Japanese military and Political University. He published articles such as the contribution of the university to national defense education, the basic factors of tactical development, and on New tactics, in order to train Anti Japanese military and political cadres, explore the experience of the Anti Japanese War, and carry out military theoretical research He made a contribution. In January 1941, Xu Guangda was appointed head of the general staff of the Central Military Commission and commander of Yan'an communications, air defense and garrison. In the spring of 1942, Xu Guangda was the commander of the 2nd independent brigade of the 120th division of the Eighth Route Army and the commander of the 2nd division of the Jinsui military region. He led the Anti Japanese army and people in the areas of Wuzhai, Shenchi, Baode and Pianguan to carry out guerrilla war. The Anti Japanese base areas were consolidated and expanded by organizing a strong armed working team, cooperating closely with the main forces, going deep into Jiaocheng, hydrologic and other areas of Jinzhong, carrying out extensive struggle against Japan, eliminating traitors and secret agents, destroying Japanese and puppet army strongholds, restoring and establishing the Anti Japanese regime, winning the struggle against "mopping up" and "cannibalism".

War of Liberation

In August 1945, Xu Guangda was appointed deputy commander of Yanmen military region. In October, he was ordered to form columns of Xu Guangda and sun Zhiyuan to cooperate with the Shanxi Chahar Hebei field army in the Suiyuan campaign. In 1946, Xu Guangda joined the Taiyuan executive group of the military mediation executive department. In November, he served as commander of the third column of the Jinsui field army and led his troops to fight in central and Northern Shanxi to defend the Jinsui liberated area. In August 1947, Xu Guangda led his troops to cross the Yellow River to the West and became a member of the Northwest Field Army. In Northern Shaanxi, he successively participated in the battles of Gaojiabao, Yulin, shajiadian, Yanchuan Qingjian, Yichuan, Chengcheng Yingyang and Libei, and won many battles. In the battle of Yanqing, the command troops blasted the gate of Qingjian city with the method of continuous blasting, and first burst into the city. In the battle of Yichuan, he commanded the battle with injuries, broke through the solid defense of the Kuomintang army, and cooperated with the neighboring forces to wipe out the Kuomintang garrison in Yichuan. In February 1949, Xu Guangda was the commander of the third army of the first field army (formerly the Northwest Field Army), leading his troops to participate in the spring offensive and the central Shaanxi campaign. In June, he served as commander of the 2nd Corps. In the campaign of encircling and annihilating the main force in the south of Hu Zong, he led his troops to make detours and cut off the retreat of the Kuomintang troops, which played an important role in ensuring the complete victory of the campaign. In August, he took part in the Lanzhou campaign, led his troops to capture the main position of the Kuomintang army in Nanshan, seized the Yellow River Bridge, and completely annihilated the Kuomintang garrison in Lanzhou.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

In April 1950, Xu Guangda was appointed commander and political commissar of the armored forces of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, carrying out various tasks in the formation of the armored forces. In September, Xu Guangda presided over the establishment of the leading body of armored forces in Beijing, and concurrently served as the principal of the first tank school, the chariot School of the Chinese people's Liberation Army. In January 1951, Xu Guangda went deep into the front line of resisting U.S. aggression and Aiding North Korea and made on-the-spot investigation. After returning home, they organized follow-up tank troops of the volunteer army to fight in the DPRK. In 1957, Xu Guangda was concurrently the president of the Armored Forces Academy. In September 1959, Xu Guangda appointed Vice Minister of national defense of the people's Republic of China. Xu Guangda attached great importance to military academic research, presided over the compilation and approval of armored combat doctrines, tutorials and teaching models, wrote many papers such as "the development trend of the army and the use of armored forces", put forward some important viewpoints such as mechanization is the inevitable trend of the army's development, there is no armored force without technology, and emphasized the combination of political work and technical work, and the combination of military training and actual combat needs All right. Xu Guangda led the development and growth of the armored forces and became a backbone force in the modernization of the PLA. In January 1967, Xu Guangda was illegally detained by Lin Biao and the gang of four. Xu Guangda died in Beijing on June 3, 1969 after more than a year of criticism, interrogation and torture. He was 61 years old. On June 3, 1977, the Central Military Commission issued No. 6 document to rehabilitate Xu Guangda. On June 9, the Central Military Commission presided over the ceremony of placing Xu Guangda's ashes.

Main achievements

To defend the Central Committee in the face of danger

In the early morning of August 17, 1947, Xu Guangda was ordered to lead his troops to wulongpu and Caozhuang to defend the organs of the CPC Central Committee at a critical juncture. On August 19, Xu Guangda led the third column of the Shanxi Suiyuan field army to block the northward advance of the KMT's Liu Kan department at Dangchuan temple between wulongpu and shajiadian. He directed the independent 5th brigade to hold down the 123rd brigade of the KMT's army who was trying to return to shajiadian and beat back the repeated attacks of the KMT. As a result, the Liu Kan department and Zhong Song Department, more than 30 miles apart, could not meet. He successfully covered the safe transfer of the central organs of the Communist Party of China, won the shajiadian battle, and reversed the war situation in Northern Shaanxi, which was highly praised by Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai.

Liao ang captured in the battle of Yanqing

On October 1, 1947, Xu Guangda commanded the independent 2nd brigade of the 3rd column of the Jinshui field army to conquer Yanchuan and the independent 5th brigade to cooperate with the training brigade to conquer Yanchang. On the 4th, commander

Chinese PinYin : Xu Guang Da