Wang Xiantang

Wang Xiantang

Wang Xiantang (1896-1960) was named Xiantang, which was originally named Jiaju. Later, it was renamed Wang Xiantang and named Wang Fengsheng. He is from dahanjia village, Rizhao sub district office, Donggang District, Rizhao City. Famous scholar. After finishing the initial education in his native place, he came to jiaoao leased land, which was not long opened as a port, at the age of 11, and studied in Qingdao Lixian Academy. After finishing his liberal arts course, he took German classes. At the age of 17, he studied in the Department of civil engineering of Qingdao special college. He learned some new western knowledge and broadened his vision, which is of great significance to the study of Chinese culture in the future. Shortly after graduation, he went to Tianjin to translate German novels in 1917 at the request of Tianjin justice daily. In 1918, when he was 22 years old, he returned to Jinan as editor in chief of business daily and Shandong daily, and then stayed in Qingdao as a special reporter of the two newspapers.

Personal life

sketch

In 1925, he went to Beijing to study bibliography, and studied phonology and ancient Chinese characters with Ding Weifen. In 1927, he went to Nanjing as secretary of the Central Party Department of the Kuomintang. Soon, because of political disagreements, he vowed never to ask about political affairs and devoted himself to studying knowledge. He changed his name to Wang Xiantang.

On August 2, 1929, he became the director of Shandong Provincial Library. He made great efforts to collect cultural relics and classics and expand the collection, making Shandong provincial library one of the richest libraries in China at that time. And establish Shandong Library Association. In 1930, archaeologist Wu Jinding went to Shandong and discovered the chengziya Longshan cultural site. He was invited to explore with him. Later, he, together with Fu Sinian, Li Ji, Dong Zuobin and others, led the excavation of the sites, and established the Shandong Institute of historic sites to conduct a general survey and small-scale excavation of other sites in Shandong, which laid the foundation for the archaeological work in Shandong. In 1940, he was appointed as the director general of the National Museum of history, Professor of Shandong University and Wuhan University, and wrote many archaeological works. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he personally transported all the books and cultural relics of the original Shandong library back to Jinan intact. In 1948, he returned to Shandong and became the director of the provincial library. He is fond of collecting books and has a large collection. He has collected more than 100000 volumes of books in his life. He often writes inscriptions and postscripts for them, or studies the origin of editions, or narrates the anecdotes of collectors. Later, he is included in the collection of postscripts and postscripts of Shuangxing jingshe and the sequel. In his book collection ten chants, he claims that "gold has sold out and got books in Taonan town", which is a reflection of his book purchase. In his later years, he got Gu Qianli's approval of the school and Huang pilei's handwritten postscript, and named his library as Gu Huang ShuLiao. His "ten chants on book collection" is about visiting books, purchasing books, carrying books, loading books, exploring books, exposing books, postscripts, copying books, borrowing books and reading books. He has donated more than 8000 precious cultural relics and 50000 ancient books to the state, such as the sword of King Gou Jian and the seal of King Li Zicheng. The collection is printed with "Shuangxing jingshe Jiancang", "Kong Ziku", "Shujing Pavilion", "sanjiacun people", "Xiantang inscriptions", etc.

After the founding of new China, he once served as deputy director of the cultural relics administration committee of Shandong Province, researcher of the Palace Museum, etc., but he still wrote. In 1958, Huang Xian Qi was published, which opened up a new way to study the ancient history of Shandong and has important academic significance.

Personal style

Although Wang Xiantang was often tired of food and clothing, he always regarded reading and learning as the first pleasure in his life. In 1922, China took back Qingdao from Japan. As the receiving representative, Wang Xiantang remained as the Secretary of jiaoao supervision office. He engaged in academic research in his spare time and wrote six volumes of Gongsun Longzi xuanjie, which was his first monograph when he was 25 years old. Therefore, Wang Xiantang began to study his favorite subjects, such as gold and stone, edition, phonology, catalogue, ancient coins, archaeology and so on. In poetry, calligraphy, painting, printing and other traditional active areas of Chinese literati, it also shows profound skills. Wang Xiantang pointed out that Chinese traditional culture came from Yanhuang two branches, Yan nationality came from Dongyi, and the center of ancient Dongyi culture is in today's Shandong. "Yanhuang clan culture research" is Wang Xiantang's representative work in this respect. From the beginning of the 1930s to the end of his life, he made ten revisions to improve it.

Related events

In the 1920s and 1930s, when he was the director of Shandong Provincial Library and the deputy director of Shandong Provincial Cultural Management Association, Wang Xiantang devoted himself to the arrangement and protection of Shandong local cultural heritage. He paid attention to field investigation, vigorously searched, and made great efforts to preserve many scholars' works and collections with academic value. In the time of war, Wang Xiantang devoted his spirit to protecting the essence of a number of Shandong documents.

Before and after the July 7 Incident, he was also a professor of Qilu University, focusing on philology and edition bibliography. During this period, he had extensive academic exchanges with famous domestic scholars such as Fu Sinian, Li Ji, Dong Zuobin, Huang Yanpei, Liu Bannong and Gu Jiegang, and wrote a large number of valuable works. He works tirelessly and is known as "not to lose his life."

Gu's nerd. He founded the quarterly of Shandong Provincial Library, sorted out and published many historical documents, rescued the book collection of Haiyuan Pavilion, and collected a large number of unearthed cultural relics, such as bronze, ancient pottery, seals, seals, coins, stone carvings, etc.

When the Japanese invaders approached Jinan, in order to save a large number of precious cultural relics and books from disaster, he begged relatives and friends, even sold his collection, pieced together the freight, and transported the rare books and cultural relics collected by the provincial museum to the rear of Sichuan for preservation. On the way, he broke through the enemy's air raid and bombardment, and lived in caves and Buddhist temples for many years. He did not have enough food and clothing, and was determined to defend himself. For eight years of the Anti Japanese War, he lived with the book. He said: "this is the essence of Shandong literature. If there's something wrong, how can we face Qilu's parents? We have to die together! " During the Anti Japanese War, the important cultural relics and rare books of Shandong provincial library were carefully transported to Sichuan, the rear area of the Anti Japanese war. Wang Xiantang contributed his best and made an indelible special contribution.

Wang Xiantang is a famous archaeologist, librarian and edition bibliographer in China. He is good at writing, phonology, inscriptions, catalogues and editions. He is also familiar with classics, poetry, painting and seal. He has written more than 50 books with more than ten million words, including the research on Yanhuang clan culture, the general research on Chinese ancient currency, the research on Shandong ancient country, and the posthumous writings of shanzuo sages. There are countless books on life experience, and there are always inscriptions and postscripts for each book. Some of them are postscripts, which were sorted out by Shandong Provincial Museum and named Shuangxing jingshe postscripts Jicun. In 1983, they were published by Qilu publishing house and collected 258 kinds of postscripts.

He died in Jinan in 1960. The ceremony was held on March 21, 1993, and his relatives moved their graves to Qingdao, where they were formally buried in Fushan Shanyang. There is a statue of him in Qingdao Baihuayuan.

Chronology

Guangxu 23 years (1897) one year old

Born in Hanjia village, Chengguan, Rizhao City, Shandong Province on August 18 of the lunar calendar. At the beginning, it was named Jiaju, and later it was renamed Guan. It was named Xiantang, Fengsheng and Xianghu old people. Its room name was Shuangxing jingshe, and it was written in Chinese. At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, his ancestral home was Donghai County, Jiangsu Province. His grandfather Wang Hongji was born in Qingxiang, his grandmother Ding's; his father Tinglin, xingba, practised medicine in the local area, and loved Jinshi very much. He wrote Quan bi tu Shi, Du Shuo Wen, diary, his mother Ding's and stepmother an's. Ding's wife, son four: Zhenhua, Yuhua, Guohua, Wenhua.

Guangxu 26th year (1900) four years old

On the fifteenth day of the first month, I painted on my own lantern, which was appreciated by my uncle. She began to paint with her sisters as models.

This year, I was engaged to the Ding family.

Ten years old in 1906

Able to recite 300 Tang poems. He likes reading, writing and painting. He is called a small calligrapher by the village.

Guangxu 33 years (1907) 11 years old

Study in Qingdao Lixian Academy. After reading the liberal arts, I cut in German.

Guangxu 34 years (1908) 12 years old

Luo shunxun, a native of Hunan Province, was appointed as the academic envoy of Shandong Province. He established a library in the northeast of Jinan old Gongyuan (now the South Bank of Daming Lake Park). Xuantong first year (1909) officially opened, named "Shandong library.".

In 1911, he was 15 years old

Marry Ding.

In 1913, he was 17 years old

Forced by life, he graduated from Lixian Academy. At that time, he was familiar with selected works, good at various books, familiar with Zhao Songxue, good at writing four or six essays, and often wrote short stories by himself, which was highly valued by people in the county.

In 1914, he was 18 years old

Study civil engineering in Qingdao Dehua special high school. The more two years, because of family conditions, study.

In 1915, he was 19 years old

The eldest son, Zhenhua, was born.

In 1917, he was 21 years old

At the request of Tianjin justice daily, he went to Tianjin to translate German novels.

His second son, Yuhua, was born.

In 1918, he was 22 years old

He was appointed to Jinan business times and Shandong daily.

In 1919, he was 23 years old

As a special correspondent of business times and Shandong daily, he has lived in Qingdao for a long time.

That year, his father went to the northeast to collect herbs and died in Jilin. Wang Xiantang wrote in his notes to the poem of visiting steles: "in 1919, when the first emperor saw his back, he returned to Jilin Province. Suddenly he came to Jilin in the middle of the night, realized the impermanence of life and death, ruled Neo Confucianism of the song and Ming Dynasties and Laozi and Zhuangzi, and sought the true meaning of life. It is not satisfactory to read the books of western philosophy and sociology. The article "questions about life" is the key to the change of Yu Pingsheng's thought (notes on the poem of visiting steles)

Buddhism is governed by law.

In 1920, he was 24 years old

He is a Chinese teacher of Shandong special political and law school, and a reporter of Shanghai new newspaper and Shenbao. Two years in total.

In 1922, he was 26 years old

Qingdao was taken back from the Japanese, and Wang Xiantang, one of the representatives of Qingdao, remained as Deputy Secretary of jiaoao supervision office. When it's time, I read it

Chinese PinYin : Wang Xian Tang