Zhu Youxiao

Zhu Youxiao

Zhu Youxiao (December 23, 1605 - September 30, 1627), male, Han nationality, was the 15th emperor of the Ming Dynasty. He was the eldest son of Zhu Changluo, the emperor of Ming Guangzong. His biological mother chose to serve the Wang family. Zhu Youjian, the emperor of Ming Sizong, had a different mother and brother. He ascended the throne at the age of 16 and reigned for seven years (1620-1627).

During Zhu Youxiao's reign, Wei Zhongxian and the Hakka had the exclusive power to create unjust prisons, such as "Yichou imperial prison" and "Bingyin imperial prison", and cruelly persecuted Donglin Party members who tried to improve the politics of the Ming Dynasty. Wei Zhongxian's eunuch Party's persecution of Donglin Party constantly aroused the popular revolt. At that time, all kinds of domestic social contradictions intensified. The main worry came from the threat of Liaodong later Jin Dynasty to Ming Dynasty. After Zhu Youxiao ascended the throne, he dismissed Xiong Tingbi, the manager of Liaodong, who had the courage to know soldiers. As a result, the later Jin Dynasty captured Shenyang and Liaoyang, and the situation in Liaodong became more and more serious. In March of the first year of Tianqi (1621), in order to stabilize Liaodong, Xiong Tingbi was once again employed as the manager of Liaodong. Xiong Tingbi, who insisted on the correct strategy, was killed under the plan of the eunuch party, and the war situation in Liaodong was in crisis.

On August 22, 1627, Zhu Youxue, who fell ill in the water, died of taking "fairy medicine" at the age of 23. His posthumous title is Datianshan, DaoDun, xiaoduyou, zhangwenxiang, Wujing, Muzhuang, Qinli emperor, and his temple name is Xizong. He was buried in the Ming Tombs.

Life of the characters

Move the palace to the throne

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Wang, the birth mother of Zhu Youxiao, was an elected servant of the crown prince Zhu Changluo in the Wanli Dynasty. In 1604, she became a talented person. In 1605, Zhu Youxiao was born on November 14 of the lunar calendar (December 23 of the Gregorian calendar). In 1619, his mother Wang died. In memory of his grandson Zhu Youxiao's childhood, Emperor Wanli asked the Li family, who was chosen by the crown prince Zhu Changluo, to nurture Zhu Youxiao. At that time, there were two Choi Shi surnamed Li. In order to distinguish them, they were called Dong Li and Xi Li. It is Xi Li who takes care of Zhu you's school.

In July 1620, Emperor mingshenzong died. In August, when the crown prince Zhu Changluo ascended the throne, it was mingguangzong. At that time, Xi Li was in favor, and Zhu Changluo, the emperor of Guangzong, wanted to make her imperial concubine. Xi Li was not satisfied and instigated Guangzong to make himself queen. Sun Ruyou, the Minister of rites, said that the posthumous titles of the empress dowagers of the two palaces and the concubines had not been agreed, and that it would not be too late for the emperor's funeral to be held. After Zhu Changluo fell ill, Zheng Guifei instructed Cui Wensheng to take "Tongli medicine", namely rhubarb, to the emperor as the eunuch of the imperial pharmacy. Rhubarb is equivalent to cathartic, so the next day and night, Zhu Changluo diarrhea 30 or 40 times, the body is extremely weak, in a state of exhaustion. On August 28, Emperor Guangzong Zhu Changluo summoned 13 people into the palace, including Zhang Weixian, the British Duke, and Fang Congzhe, the head of the cabinet. He asked his eldest son Zhu Youxiao to come out to see them. He was quite lonely and ordered Cui Wensheng, the eunuch of BingBi, the Minister of rites, to be expelled from the palace. On August 29, Li Kezhuo, the Prime Minister of Honglu temple, said that there was an elixir to present to Zhu Changluo. As a result, on September 26, Zhu Changluo died at the age of 38.

When Guangzong died, Xili lived in Qianqing palace. The minister suspected that she wanted to take the opportunity to listen to the government. So Liu Yixuan, Zhou Jiamo, Yang Lian, Zuo Guangdou and other ministers asked her to move to another palace, so the case broke out. A power struggle started, and eunuch Wang an welcomed the eldest son Zhu Youxiao to the throne. Xi Li sent Li Jinzhong to stop him and asked Zhu Youxiao to come back several times. He was not allowed to go to Wenhua hall. In the end, Zhu Youxiao ascended the throne and changed his year name to Taichang after August of that year and Taichang the next year

Apocalypse

. And arrested Liaodong general officer Li Rubai. In October, Emperor Wanli and empress xiaoduanxian were buried in Dingling. He ordered yuan Yingtai, the military Minister of Liaodong governor, to manage Liaodong instead of Xiong Tingbi.

At the beginning of politics

At the beginning of emperor Xizong's accession to the throne of the Ming Dynasty, he granted Hakka, the lactating mother, the wife of Fengsheng. The people of Donglin Party are worried about Hakka's interference in politics, so they suggest to drive Hakka out of the palace as usual. The Hakkas and Wei Zhongxian colluded and fought back against the Donglin Party. For a while, they were good at power and politics, and the factory guards were rampant. Wei Zhongxian, formerly known as Li Jinzhong, lost money because he was fond of gambling, so he went to court angrily. He was selected into the Palace during the Wanli period. Though illiterate, he is good at flattering. He not only attached himself to the eunuch Wei Dynasty, but also joined the eunuch Wang An through the Wei Dynasty. Wang An had great power in the palace for a time because he had made great contributions to the establishment of the Apocalypse emperor. At the same time, Wei Zhongxian made friends with the Hakkas, and they had a good relationship with each other. The Hakka loved Wei Zhongxian, so they were tired of his old friend Wei Dynasty. Wei Zhongxian took the opportunity to defeat the Wei Dynasty, and then plotted to kill Wang An, becoming the most powerful Eunuch in the palace. At the same time, after Zhu Youxiao ascended the throne, he made the Donglin Party take charge of the cabinet, the duchayuan and the six ministries. The Donglin Party was more powerful, and all the members were in full swing. Yang Lian, Zuo Guangdou, Zhao Nanxing, Gao Panlong, sun Chengzong, Yuan Keli and many other upright people held important positions in the court. Fang Congzhe and other treacherous officials were gradually excluded, and the official system was a little clear. With the help of Donglin Party members, Zhu Youxiao promoted yuan Chonghuan quickly.

In March of the first year of Tianqi (1621), Nurhachi led his army to capture Shenyang. You Shigong and he Shixian, the chief soldiers of the Ming Dynasty, were killed. Chen CE, Tong Zhongkui, Qi Jin and Zhang Mingshi, the chief military officers, went to help Liaodong war. They fought with the later Jin army in Hunhe, but the whole army was destroyed. After that, Nurhachi captured Liaoyang, an important town of Liaodong in Ming Dynasty, and Yuan Yingtai committed suicide. After Nurhachi conquered Liaoyang, Emperor Xizong of the Ming Dynasty once again appointed Xiong Tingbi as the Minister of the military department and the censor of the right deputy capital to manage Liaodong. In August, he was promoted to General Mao Wenlong as deputy chief, and ordered his platoon to send troops to guard Zhenjiang.

In the first month of the second year of Tianqi (1622), the later Jin army captured Xiping fort, and the Ming deputy general Luo Yigui died. Liu Qu and Qi Bingzhong, the chief officers of Zhenwu battalion, fought with the later Jin army at Pingyang bridge, but died in the end. Wang Huazhen and Xiong Tingbi withdrew into the pass. In April, "it was said that it was not public for Denglai to be suppressed." Yuan Keli was appointed as the governor of the royal capital, and Denglai praised military affairs. In August, Emperor Xizong appointed Zhu Youjian, the fifth brother of the emperor, as king Xinwang. At the same time, Zhu Youxiao also issued an imperial edict to rehabilitate Zhang Juzheng, recorded Fang Xiaoru's heirs, paid tribute to Yuan Xun, and gave him a memorial and posthumous title.

In the third year of Tianqi (1623), Wei Zhongxian took charge of the East Hall and used the power of the eunuch party to check and balance the prosperous Donglin Party.

Zhu Youxiao also likes to do some carpentry by himself, and he is tireless all the year round. However, when he did these things, Wei Zhongxian would do them. The Apocalypse emperor was tired of it and refused to listen to it. He said that he already knew it. You can do it as you see fit. Therefore, Wei Zhongxian took the opportunity to correct the imperial edict for many times, to exclude the Donglin Party members, and the Fanzi of Dongchang ran amok and became a traitor.

Party struggles bring disaster to the country

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In June 1624, Yang Lian, the imperial censor of the left Deputy capital, impeached Wei Zhongxian for his twenty-four major crimes. Some ministers also talked about Wei Zhongxian's crimes, but Zhu Youxiao did not listen. In October, the imperial court removed Chen Yuting, the Minister of the Ministry of officials, Yang Lian, the Deputy censor of the capital, and Zuo Guangdou, the censor of the capital. Wei Zhongxian acted as a bully and a blessing, and the outer court became his speech hall. Everyone called him "nine thousand years old", and all places set up ancestral halls for him. The Hakka family, on the other hand, was in trouble in the harem. They raised a number of pretty maids and offered them to the emperor. On the contrary, they had a pregnant concubine who was designed and murdered by her. Even the queen was aborted by her. History books say that she wants to follow LV Buwei's example and do that rare thing to seize power. During the eunuch period headed by Wei Zhongxian, they not only cruelly excluded dissidents, but also deepened the exploitation of the landlord class, making the people destitute and the politics extremely dark. Yang Lian, Zuo Guangdou and Wei Dazhong died in vain.

In the fourth year of Tianqi, Yuan Keli, who was forced to leave his post because of the harassment of party struggle, left Denglai for only a few months. In the first month of the fifth year of Tianqi (1625), the Jin army captured Lushun. In March, Wang Wenyan was sentenced and jailed. Yang Lian, Zuo Guangdou, Yuan Huazhong, Wei Dazhong, Zhou Chaorui, Gu Dazhang and other ministers were arrested and jailed. Zhao Nanxing and other ministers were removed from office. Soon, Yang Lian and others died in prison. In May, he wrote a letter to Yang Suo Xiu, requesting that the three cases of "Li attack case", "Hong Wan case" and "Yi Gong case" be compiled into a book, and Zhu Youxiao agreed to it.

Soon after, the eunuch party pursued the three Beijing expeditions in Xinhai, Dingsi and Guihai, which led to the dismissal of Li Sancai and Gu Xiancheng. In August, the imperial court ordered the destruction of Donglin Party's lecture academies. Xiong Tingbi, defeated in Liaodong, had a good personal relationship with the Six Gentlemen in Donglin, which led Wei Zhongxian to deal with him. In the end, Xiong Tingbi and Wang Huazhen had the same fate and were both executed. In October, Gao Di, Minister of the Ministry of war, became governor of Jiliao, and sun Chengzong soon returned home. Later, Gao Di was afraid of fighting and ordered the city guards outside the pass to dismantle the defense facilities and withdraw into the pass. As a result, castles in Jinzhou, youtun, Dalinghe and Xiaolinghe were abandoned. Only yuan Chonghuan declared his interests and vowed to defend Ningyuan.

signs of danger appearing everywhere

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In the first month of the sixth year of Tianqi (1626), Nurhachi led the later Jin army to attack Ningyuan, and the Ming general officer man GUI and ningqiandao took part in politics, and Yuan Chonghuan stuck to Ningyuan. In the face of danger, yuan Chonghuan summoned all the generals to discuss the war and defense, and decided to take the strategy of strengthening the wall and clearing away the wild, and organize the whole city's army and people to defend the city together. It was not long before Nuerhachi was defeated with a big gun in red, which was known as the "great victory of Ningyuan". In February, yuan Chonghuan was appointed as the imperial censor of Jindu, specializing in Liaodong military affairs and guarding Ningyuan.

In May, a strange and huge disaster happened in the area of Wanggong factory in Beijing, causing huge casualties. With a loud noise, a strong wind suddenly rose, and the sky was dark. People, animals, trees, bricks and stones were involved in the air and fell with the wind

Chinese PinYin : Zhu You Xiao