Jiang Kanghu

Jiang Kanghu

Jiang Kanghu (1883-1954) was born in Yiyang, Jiangxi Province, a family of officials. His ancestral home is Jiangcun, Jingde County, Anhui Province. He is a famous cultural scholar and political figure in the period of the Republic of China, the founder of the Chinese socialist party and an anarchist. He is the originator of Chinese anarchism, but he is the first person in the study of Chinese socialism and the disseminator of the socialist trend of thought mentioned by Mao Zedong. He was once appreciated by Dr. Sun Yat Sen, but he sold himself to the Japanese aggressors. He spent his whole life as a cultural traitor and was finally nailed to the stigma of history.

Profile

Jiang Kanghu (1883-1954) was born in Yiyang, Jiangxi Province, a family of officials. His ancestral home is Jiangcun, Jingde County, Anhui Province. In 1901, he went to Japan to study politics. After returning home, he served as the general office of the Beiyang Translation Bureau of the Qing government and the editor in chief of the Beiyang official newspaper. He studied in Japan in 1902. After returning to China in 1904, he served as head of the Ministry of punishment and Japanese language teacher of the Capital University. In the spring of 1910, he got a chance to travel around the world. He spent a whole year in Japan, Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and Czarist Russia. After returning home, he preached socialism. On July 10, 1911, Zhang Yuan initiated the establishment of the socialist Research Association in Shanghai. After the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution, on November 5, he called a special meeting in the name of the initiator of the socialist Research Association and proposed to "restructure the society". Since then, the Shanghai headquarters of the Chinese Socialist Party has been established. This is not only the first socialist party in China, but also the first political group named after "the party". Jiang Kanghu's Chinese socialist party takes freedom of love, equality of education and return of heritage as the initial stage, and takes "two parties" (each doing his best and taking what he needs) and "five non parties" (non private property, non family, non religion, non militarism and non nationalism) as the final goal, that is, individual autonomy and world harmony as the basis. At the end of 1911, according to the party's own announcement, it has set up "more than 490 branches" all over the country, with "more than 523000 party members". Although this figure is very exaggerated, there were many social party branches in China at that time. For example, the director of Tianjin Branch was Li Dazhao, one of the founders of the Communist Party of China later. For example, the general affairs director of Suzhou Branch was Chen Yilong, with Gu Jiegang, Ye Shengtao, Wang Boxiang and other members. The Nanjing branch and the Buddhist Association were set up in Pilu Temple together. In terms of occupation and class, the first party members are intellectuals, the second is industrialists and businessmen, and the third is bankrupt peasants, handicraftsmen and other working people. The Chinese Socialist Party has also actively promoted gender equality and supported women's political participation. Its regulations read: "party members Both men and women have equal rights and obligations. " It was the first party in the early years of the Republic of China that had "female party members and their obligations and rights were completely equal". He advocated anarchism. In 1911, he organized the Chinese social party to participate in the revolution of 1911. When he failed, he turned to the northern government. In 1913, he went to the United States as a lecturer in Chinese culture at the University of California; in 1920, he participated in the Third Congress of the Communist International in the name of the Chinese socialist party. Later, he turned to education and founded Shanghai Southern University in 1922, which was also the first president of the University. In 1927, he fled to the United States and Canada. He was the dean of the school of Chinese literature and the chief professor of Sinology at the University of Canada. In 1934, Jiang Kanghu visited Taiwan as president of the Chinese Academy of Canada and consultant of the library of Congress of the United States. He arrived in Keelung from Fujian on August 22, and returned to China via Keelung from Taipei on September 9. He once criticized the end of the Han Poetry Society in Taiwan: "then he became a work of singing the wind and playing the moon.". The voice of a stranger in the mulberry. become aggravated. steadily deteriorate. What's more, it's about praising Shengde. Advocating Xiuming. It's like a test paper in the era of imperial examination. It's despicable. " Jiang Kanghu's criticism of the end of the old literature is quite the same as that of the new literati in Taiwan at that time. He praised a gentleman in yingshe for his "Kindness Theory" with Japan, and also expressed his hope that the old literati in Taiwan would show their character and not be attached to the ruling power. At the regular meeting of yingshe, he especially encouraged the poets to do their duty of nation-state instead of just writing and writing: "we should try our best to cultivate culture. Greetings to state affairs. The so-called spare time to be a poet. It's not a poet. And poetry and the original text. Literature is inseparable from poetry. Poetry can not be separated from the text. He is a poet but not a writer. It's not the duty of a scholar. " This statement is the same as Liang Qichao's message in Wufeng. In 1939, he was invited to Shanghai by Wang Jingwei. In 1940, he served as state councilor of the national government and vice president of the examination institute of Wang Jingwei's puppet regime. In October 1945, the military Bureau of the Kuomintang captured Jiang Kanghu in Beijing. In early 1946, the military Bureau of the Kuomintang moved Jiang Kanghu from Beijing to Nanjing. After he was escorted to Nanjing, Jiang Kanghu, together with the traitors Zhou Fuhai and Chen Gongbo, was detained in the central prison of laohuqiao. In November 1946, the national government sentenced Jiang Kanghu to life imprisonment for the crime of traitor. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he continued to be held in Shanghai Tilanqiao prison. In 1954, Jiang Kanghu died of tuberculosis in prison.

Life of the characters

Jiang Kanghu was born on July 18, 1883 in Yiyang, Jiangxi Province. Different from his grandfather and father, who came from Jinshi but was unknown to the public, Jiang Kanghu has been famous in Chinese political circles and cultural and ideological circles since he was in his early 30s, and he is an eye-catching figure. He founded the Chinese socialist party, visited Europe, America, Japan and other countries, and also worked as a professor in the United States and Canada. He is the originator of Chinese anarchism, but he is the first person in the study of Chinese socialism and the disseminator of the socialist thought mentioned by Mao Zedong. He was once appreciated by Dr. Sun Yat Sen, but he sold himself to the Japanese invaders and ended his life as a cultural traitor. As a well-off son of Yiyang rural family, Jiang Kanghu received a good education in Nanchang and Shanghai since childhood. He is smart and studious. He never forgets it. Once, when he was told that Jiang Kanghu could recite three hundred Tang poems without prompting, he took a sedan chair to Nanchang Duxin school, where Jiang Kanghu was studying. In front of the headmaster, the master asked Jiang Kanghu to recite 10 Tang poems he ordered, including Li Bai's "Shu Road is difficult", Du Fu's "the thatched cottage is broken by the autumn wind" and Bai Juyi's "Pipa line". After a little meditation, Jiang Kanghu recited them with cadence, and the words were not bad, which surprised the master repeatedly praised him as a young genius. From then on, Jiang Kanghu became famous for his intelligence and studiousness. And his rapid progress in learning English in Shanghai Mohai Translation Library also made foreign teachers marvel. In 1901, 18-year-old Jiang Kanghu, recommended by Liu Kunyi, governor of Liangjiang, went to Japan to study politics for half a year as an outstanding person in the implementation of the "New Deal" in various regions. When the ship slowly entered yokohama harbor, the Japanese warships moored in the Bay attracted the attention of Jiang Kanghu. He was not only uneasy about the aggressiveness of the old enemy of the Qing Dynasty, but also interested in Japan's way of enriching the country and strengthening the army. When Sun Yat Sen became famous in modern China and Japan, he began to study philosophy in China and Japan. One day, Jiang Kanghu went to the Chinese guild hall in Yokohama to have a long talk with Dr. Sun Yat Sen all night. He was in favor of China's revolution, but he was not in favor of anti Qing Dynasty and anti Manchuria and refused to participate in the Xingzhong meeting. Sun Yat Sen saw that although he was dressed as a dandy, he was flexible and intelligent, and 12 years younger than himself. He wholeheartedly persuaded Jiang Kanghu to support his idea of overthrowing the decadent Qing Dynasty and establishing the Republic of China. However, no matter how Sun Yat Sen speaks with reason and moves with emotion, Jiang Kanghu is indifferent. Afterwards, Sun Yat Sen once mentioned Jiang Kanghu to people. If he did not join the revolution, he would be used by the reactionary forces. Even if he involuntarily involved in the revolution, he would be very likely to be on the opposite side. Mr. Sun's words, Jiang Kanghu's life after all confirmed his prediction. a Japanese maid was pregnant because of her bad life. Jiang Kanghu had to finish his study in Japan ahead of time and applied to return home. In Tianjin, Jiang Kanghu was summoned by Yuan Shikai, then governor of Zhili and Minister of Beiyang. Jiang Kanghu was flattered by Yuan Shikai's summoning. Who knows that Yuan had already learned Jiang Kanghu's political position and personality from his ears and eyes, and felt that he was useful, so he was summoned. Jiang Kanghu answered all the questions raised by Yuan Shikai respectfully, and claimed how foreign military and political celebrities such as marshal nishiang Longsheng and German Emperor William II praised Yuan Shikai. When Jiang Kanghu quoted the original words praising Yuan Shikai, he kept on talking and talking, but in fact many of them were made up temporarily by him. However, because it was difficult to prove, he still made Yuan Shikai smile. Not long after that, Jiang Kanghu was promoted by yuan to be the chief editor of Beiyang compilation Bureau and Beiyang official newspaper. Yuan's close aides, Ruan Zhongshu, Xia Shoutian and Yang Du, were surprised by Jiang Kanghu's rapid development. This is an 18-year-old young man who is not involved in officialdom and owes romantic debts in Japan. Knowing that he had little experience and knowledge, and that he was not familiar with officialdom, Jiang Kanghu submitted his resignation to Yuan Shikai in October 1902 and asked to study in Japan again. Different from before, as soon as Jiang Kanghu set foot on Japanese territory, people from all walks of life and officials in Japan thought that he was an intelligence officer sent by Yuan Shikai to Japan to do intelligence work for overseas students and divide the anti Qing revolutionary groups such as the Xingzhong society. He took special care of him and sent police

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Kang Hu