Wu juenong

Wu juenong

Wu juenong (1897-1989), a native of Fenghui, Shangyu, Zhejiang Province, formerly known as Rongtang, is a well-known patriotic Democrat and social activist in China, a famous agronomist and agricultural economist, and the founder of the revival and development of modern tea industry. Because he was determined to devote himself to agriculture (tea industry), he changed his name to juenong. "Jue" is what Buddhists call "self-awareness". Only "self-awareness" can "Jue people". This is the real connotation and essence of "Jue".

In 1949, Wu juenong participated in the first session of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, the formulation of the common program, and the founding ceremony. After the founding of new China, he served as the first vice minister of the Ministry of agriculture and Deputy Secretary General of the CPPCC National Committee. Before his death, he was a member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, honorary president of the Chinese Agricultural Association, and honorary chairman of the Chinese Tea Association. He died of illness in Beijing in October 1989 at the age of 92.

Wu juenong is known as "contemporary tea sage", and his review of the tea classic is the most authoritative work on Lu Yu's tea classic. He also first discussed that China is the origin of tea trees, established the first tea industry specialty and national tea company in China's colleges and universities, and established the Tea Research Institute at the foot of Wuyishan Mountain in Fujian Province, which has made outstanding contributions to the development of China's tea industry.

Life of the characters

Youth

Wu juenong studied in Zhejiang secondary school of Agricultural Technology (the predecessor of Zhejiang Agricultural University) in his youth. He studied in Japan in 1918. During his study abroad, he wrote many articles on agriculture, society, women's issues, etc., and contributed to China's Oriental Magazine and other publications. In the aspect of tea, he wrote two long articles, i.e. the origin of tea trees and the reform of China's tea industry.

After returning to China, he once served as the director of Shanghai Garden farm, director of Zhejiang provincial government cooperation office and professor of Shanghai Labor University. Since 1931, he has been the director of the tea Supervision Office of Shanghai Commodity Inspection Bureau. In order to revitalize the tea economy, maintain the reputation of Chinese tea in the international market and improve the living conditions of tea farmers, he has made many efforts, such as initiating the tea export port and origin inspection system, and setting up tea experimental fields and tea improvement fields in Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and other tea producing provinces. The purpose is not only to prohibit the export of inferior tea, but also to improve the quality of tea in an all-round way. Scientific methods should be adopted to change the traditional manual production mode from cultivation, picking, manufacturing and storage.

From the autumn of 1934 to November of 1935, he visited Japan, India, Ceylon, Indonesia, Britain, France and the Soviet Union. He made a detailed investigation on the production and sales of tea in relevant countries, as well as the international market of tea. After returning home, he wrote "the way out of the international business war of Chinese tea", "the prospect of foreign trade of Chinese tea", "the rejuvenation plan of Chinese tea industry" and so on A number of reports and recommendations.

the period of the war of Resistance Against Japan

During the Anti Japanese War, he was responsible for the tea production and marketing work of the government's Trade Commission at that time. After the fall of Shanghai, China's largest tea export market, he made great efforts to develop foreign tea trade, especially barter trade with the Soviet Union. On behalf of the Trade Commission, he negotiated with the Soviet Union's business representatives in Wuhan and signed a barter agreement. Later, Fuhua company, a trade organization, was established in Hong Kong and promulgated in the mainland The outline of the measures for the administration of national export of tea implements the unified purchase and marketing of tea throughout the country. He personally contacted the provinces and set up tea management offices (bureaus) in various tea producing provinces to organize tea production, purchase, processing and transportation, so as to eliminate the monopoly of foreign compradors and foreign tea shops and the exploitation of landlords, gentry and commercial usurers on farmers in the past, restore the shrinking tea production in tea producing areas, and process millions of scattered teas scattered in the rural areas of the provinces into small teas The finished box tea is gathered in Hong Kong for barter and overseas sales. From 1938 to 1939, great achievements were made. The export of Chinese tea ranked first in export commodities. It not only overfulfilled the barter contract with the Soviet Union, but also exchanged a certain amount of foreign exchange with western countries, which supported the economy during the Anti Japanese war.

New China period

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, in the leadership position of the central Ministry of agriculture, he discussed with Yao Yilin, Vice Minister of the Ministry of trade, Lin Haiyun, director of the general office, and other comrades the establishment of China's first foreign trade company, China tea export company (under the leadership of the central Ministry of trade). He also served as the general manager. In the complicated changes of the international situation at that time, he quickly signed tea trade contracts with the Soviet Union and other countries; stepped up the organization of tea acquisition and processing, performed barter debt repayment; actively carried out trade in the capitalist market, promoted the accumulated tea; vigorously customized tea making machinery, and prepared to build various types of tea factories in the main tea areas; at the same time, contacted the provinces to actively establish and expand Tea teaching and scientific research institutions. When the war against U.S. aggression and aid to Korea began, the United States imposed a blockade and embargo on China, and he took emergency measures such as transforming green tea into black tea. Later, he held a national tea conference and formulated the first tea development plan, which laid out a grand and detailed blueprint for the tea industry of new China. After that, he was no longer in charge of tea because he was transferred to other jobs. However, the development and achievements of Chinese tea industry were directly or indirectly inseparable from his business.

After ten years of "Cultural Revolution", Wu juenong is over 80 years old. However, he is still actively discussing problems with people in agriculture and tea circles and participating in various investigation and academic activities. He personally went to Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan and other tea areas to do research, and suggested that Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi and Guangdong should develop broken black tea to meet the needs of the international market; in order to enhance the competitiveness of tea export, he first put forward the suggestion of duty-free export of red and green tea; coordinated the production, transportation and marketing of tea for export. These strategic opinions have attracted the attention of relevant departments, and some have been adopted and implemented. In October 1983, he personally went to Hangzhou to attend the "Symposium on tea, health and culture". In his speech, he said that this symposium "is a pioneering undertaking" and that "the combination of tea, medicine and culture has a very broad prospect". Facts have proved that Chinese tea cultural activities have been booming ever since.

During his lifetime, he wrote a lot of translation works with a wide range of contents. In 1987, on his ninetieth birthday, led by the Chinese tea society and the Chinese agricultural society, he collected the tea experts of the older generation and compiled the anthology of Wu juenong with tea papers as the main body. In his later years, he also edited the book review of tea classics, which made a comprehensive and correct comment on the history and current situation of Chinese tea. His works on tea in the past 70 years have enriched the tea history library of the motherland. His biography has been listed in Zhejiang Province "cultural celebrity biography series". According to his contributions to the establishment of China's tea industry, as well as his profound knowledge, rich practical experience and theoretical works on tea science, comrade Lu Dingyi praised him as a "contemporary tea saint" at that time, which immediately won the general recognition and warm response from the tea industry and people from all walks of life. On the basis of his practice and theoretical exploration, he formed a unique Chinese tea thought, which still has practical significance. In May 2001, the academic non-governmental organization "Wu juenong tea Thought Research Association" was organized by Chinese tea academic circles, tea culture circles and relevant enterprises. Its purpose is to unite experts and scholars in tea circles, tea lovers and tea lovers to discuss and carry forward his tea thought, promote tea economy and tea culture, and serve socialist material and spiritual civilization.

Curriculum vitae

He was born in Shangyu County, Zhejiang Province on April 14, 1897.

He graduated from Zhejiang Agricultural College in 1916.

From 1916 to 1919, he was a teaching assistant of Zhejiang Agricultural College a.

From 1922 to 1919, he was engaged in the research of tea aquaculture and forestry in Japan.

From 1922 to 1923, he taught in the second agricultural school of Wuhu Province, Anhui Province.

In 1924, he served as the director, treasurer, general director, vice president and chief editor of new agricultural quarterly in Shanghai.

In 1928, he served as the director of Shanghai Garden experimental farm.

In 1929, he was the director of the cooperation management office of Zhejiang Provincial Department of construction.

From 1931 to 1933, he served as the chief of tea Inspection Department of Shanghai Commodity Inspection Bureau and the director of tea improvement field in Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces.

In 1934, he served as vice chairman of China Rural Economic Research Association.

In 1936, he was the chief technician of China tea company.

In 1937, he was the deputy director of the tea producing area Supervision Department of the domestic inspection committee of the Ministry of industry.

From 1937 to 1939, he served as Commissioner of the Trade Commission of the Ministry of Finance and deputy general manager of Hong Kong Fuhua trading company.

In 1940, he served as director of the Trade Committee of the Ministry of Finance in Chongqing, assistant manager, chief technician and director of Technology Department of China tea company, and professor and department director of Fudan University.

He was director of the Tea Research Institute of the Trade Committee of the Ministry of Finance in Chongan, Fujian Province from 1941 to 1945.

From 1945 to 1946, he founded Shanghai Xinghua tea making company as general manager.

In 1947, he set up Zhijiang machinery tea factory in Hangzhou.

In 1949, he was Vice Minister of the Ministry of agriculture and general manager of China tea company.

In 1951, he served as the head of the central condolence delegation to the DPRK and went to the DPRK to condole the Chinese people's Volunteer Army.

In 1955, he participated in the celebration of the founding of the people's Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region and served as the sub head of the central delegation.

In 1956, he served as the first vice president, the second honorary president and the third consultant of China Agricultural Association.

In 1978, he served as honorary president of China tea society.

In 1988, he served as deputy director of the Central Advisory Committee of the Chinese democratic foundation Association.

Chinese PinYin : Wu Jiao Nong