Zhu Quan
Zhu Quan
Zhu Quan (May 27, 1378-1448), male, Han nationality, was born in Shangyuan County, yingtianfu, nanzhili (now Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province). He was the 17th son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty. In 1391, he was granted the title of King Ning in Daning (Duolun Area, Inner Mongolia). He became a vassal in 1393. In October of the first year of Jianwen (1399), Zhu Di took part in "Jingnan". In the first year of Yongle (1403), Nanchang was renamed. There are more than 70 kinds of writings in his life, and about 30 kinds in the world. Zhengtong 13 years (1448) died at the age of 71, posthumous title is "Xian", world known as king Ning Xian.
(photo source: the eight branches of Zhu's family genealogy in Xuyi, the portrait of King Ning Xian, collected by Jiangxi Provincial Museum)
Life of the characters
On the side of the town
In May 1378, Zhu Quan was born in Jinling (now Nanjing). He was the 17th son of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty. His mother was imperial concubine Yang. He was smart and studious since childhood.
Since the Zhou, Qin, Han and Wei dynasties, there have been only three routes in the northern expedition. One route started from the northeast, went to Zhongshan, passed through Peiping and Yuyang, went to Ritan and Western Liaoning, passed through Pinggang, left lulongsai, and went straight to the left area of Xiongnu, which is the place that Zuoxian king thought. Therefore, on December 29th, the 19th year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang instructed Feng Sheng to invade Liaodong with the number of Naha and Jinshan. It was appropriate to divide troops and set up guards in Daning to control it. In the 24th year of Hongwu (1391), after the fishing sea war, a large number of people came to live in daningdusi. Because of the border general's desire, they rebelled. So in Yuan Dynasty, the prime minister lost liemen, the prime minister bit, Taiwei Naier Buhua, Zhiyuan Alu Timur, Liao King aza Shili, Huining king Tabin Timur betrayed the Ming Dynasty one after another. Ming Taizu set up Ning king, Liao king, Shen king and Han king in Northeast China to frighten them. At the age of 13, Zhu Quan was appointed king of Ning. Two years later, Zhu Quan went to Daning. Daning is located outside xifengkou, which belongs to ancient Huizhou. It is a big town connecting liaozuo in the East and Xuanfu in the West. Zhu Quan had 80000 soldiers and 6000 chariots
Three beauties
The cavalry are brave and good at fighting. Zhu Quan met with the kings many times to fight in the fortress, and was famous for being good at strategy.
Harnessing northern famine
Outside Xifeng pass, Daning is a place of ancient Huizhou, connecting Liaodong in the East and Xuanfu in the West. In fact, it is a huge town of Youyan. Emperor Gao's world was initially decided, but the border was vast, and the situation must be controlled by the vassal. Therefore, the scholars of Jian were brave and resourceful. At that time, Beiping was granted by Emperor Wen, Datong was granted by King Gu, Taiyuan was granted by King Jin, Xi'an was granted by King Qin, Weizhou was granted by King Qing, Ganzhou was granted by King Su, Daning was granted by King Quan. Every year in the autumn, the kings meet and go out to capture the desert. The king ruled the territory with dozens of cities, covering more than 1000 Li, with 80000 belts and 6000 leather chariots, and regarded the kings as the most powerful. When the system Prince year Lushi, the emperor to the border of the people rare Fu thin, according to the appropriate dose. Wang Yudai, Su, Liao and Qing all gave 500 stones at the age of one year. However, the soil was twice as wide as that of other kings. He also made the country thrifty, opened up nurseries and planted trees, and widely ordered the guards to manage the wilderness, cultivate soil and things, and make the country rich. When he lived and studied the historical records, he paid homage to them. In the 29th year of the reign of emperor Fengchi, he compiled the book of Tongjian Bo Lun, which is on the table. He also collected secret history of the Han and Tang Dynasties with the five kings such as Su and Dai in the Western Palace. In the spring of the 31st year, he wrote six pieces of family precepts, including Japanese precepts, Japanese Ben Xiao, Japanese Shu Zhong, Japanese Fu Yi, Japanese Bao Shen and Japanese Jiayan Shanxing. Zhu Quan made a great contribution to promoting the economic and cultural construction in the border areas.
Yanning Youdu
In the 28th year of Hongwu, Zhou Xing, the commander in chief, ordered Song Sheng, the commander in chief, to lead the guards of King Liao's mansion; Liu Zhen, the commander in chief, to lead the guards of King Ning's mansion; Zhuang De, the commander in chief, to lead 30000 guards and horses to fight against savages. Zhou Xing led his division to antonwei, Kaiyuan, and learned that xiyangha was in Heisonglin (now the northern border of Bayan County is Heishan). He ordered Zhuangde to lead the boatman of Jilin shipyard down Nao Wenjiang (Nenjiang) to hula wenchuo Lukou (Shaoling estuary). Song Sheng led Qian Zhong, Zhang Yu and Lu Zhen's troops from the northwest Tonghe (Xibo River, Tonghe county) to the ayangha village, Liu Zhen led Fang Kuan's troops from the southeast of the North Bank of Songhua River to the Mongolian mountain village (now Menger mountain, Mulan county). He commanded Jing Cheng and Zhu Shengjun to leave Tongfo village, zhemini River (yijimi River) and Heisonglin in the northeast of Wenjiang river. However, the Ming army rushed to the air, and xiyangha had already crossed the Songhua River when the February River was frozen. Liu Zhen led his troops to the old city of fudamie (now Yongning ancient city in Binxian county) from udori (now madatun in Yilan County). When it was rainy and cloudy, Liu Zhen had to return. She was directly supervised by three women, more than 650 men and women, and more than 400 horses. Send someone to play.
On February 23, the 29th year of Hongwu, King Quan of Ning said: when the cavalry came near, he saw that there was a detachment left on the road. He thought that there might be a danger of attacking the border. It said: the Hu people are traitors and show weakness to others. They will set up an ambush to lure our army. If they go out to pursue, they may fall into the trap. So today, Chu Di chose the best soldiers and strong horses to arrive at Daning and Quanning. Along the river, Hu Bing's position was seen from the north and south, and he was able to cover his attack whenever he wanted. The king of Zhou ordered his son Youdun to lead the elite of the capital of Henan Province to Beiping to fill the gate of Luoluo. When Zhu Di marched to checher mountain, he met the Northern Yuan army. The Northern Yuan army was defeated, and several ten people, including SOLIN and Timur, were captured. The cavalry of Ming army pursued to huliang Hatu City, met with general halagu of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, and defeated the victorious group of the Northern Yuan army again.
On the 27th of the first month of the 30th year of Hongwu, he ordered all the kings not to go out for the meeting this year. The people of Yanfu in the former were caught there. They all know the reality of our side. He was captured by Ningfu. He knew that every one of them was going to join the people from wuliangha and azashili to rob the villages of Liaofu and Ningfu. Because of the unknown reality, he ordered the king of Jin to go to Heshan mountain in Dongsheng county and go west to take charge of the sentry horse, which was far away.
Forced into action
In 1398, when Zhu Yuanzhang died, his grandson Zhu Yunwen ascended the throne for emperor Jianwen. Soon after emperor Jianwen ascended the throne, he began to cut off his uncles.
In the first year of Jianwen (1399), Zhu Di, the king of Yan, launched a four-year battle of Jingnan. Zhu Di once discussed with the generals: "in the past, when I visited the frontier, I saw that the troops in Daning were very fierce. If I can get Daning, cut off Liaodong, and use side riding to assist in the battle, I can achieve great things. "
At the same time, Emperor Jianwen was afraid that Zhu Quan would turn to Zhu Di and sent people to call Zhu Quan back to Beijing. On July 22, the first year of Jianwen, the captains Liu Zhen and Chen Heng led Bu wan to lead Daning soldiers out of songtingguan and stationed in Shahe to attack Zunhua. In September of that year, Hou Wu Gao of Jiangyin attacked Yongping, and King Yan went to rescue him. When Wu Gao withdrew, Zhu Di took a path from Liu's family to Daning, pretending that it was because of poverty.
Zhu Quan invited Zhu Di to ride into the city alone. Zhu Di held Zhu Quan's hand and cried. He told him that he had no choice but to fight. He asked him to draft a memorial to thank him. Zhu Di lived for several days. Zhu Quan was sincere and unprepared. The refined tax troops of Beiping ambushed outside the city, and the officers and soldiers gradually entered the city, secretly colluding with the Minister of Sanwei and the garrison. Zhu Di just left. Zhu Quan went to the outskirts to bid farewell to him. He ambushed and took advantage of the opportunity to push Zhu Quan forward. The three bodyguards, the bows, the cavalry and the garrisons, gathered at one call. The General Zhu Jian couldn't resist and died. The imperial concubines and concubines all entered songtingguan and returned to Peiping. Daning became an empty city. After that, Zhu Diquan entered the army. Zhu Di promised Zhu Quan that the world would be divided equally after the event.
Wisdom for Nanchang
On October 28, the 35th year of Hongwu, the Army Department was ordered to set up three guards, namely, Daning, Yingzhou and Xingzhou. All the guards were first transferred to Liaodong and other places, and those who were in Beijing and had been demoted to guard the border were ordered to restore the garrison. After Zhu Di became the emperor, Zhu Quan asked to be renamed the south. When he asked for Suzhou, Zhu Di replied, "Suzhou belongs to the capital." When he asked for Qiantang, the king of Yan said, "my father gave it to my five younger brothers, but it didn't work out. Emperor Jianwen had no way, so he made his younger brother king in Qiantang, but also failed to enjoy it. Jianning, Chongqing, Jingzhou and Dongchang are all good places. You can choose at will. " However, the change of Nanchang was not so smooth. Zhu Quan could only use his strategy, and Zhu Di was surprised. On February 12, the first year of Yongle, after the battle of Daning, people withered away and changed the residence of King Ning to Nanchang. Zhu Di personally wrote a poem to see Zhu Quan off and ordered him to take the chief secretary as his palace. The scale of the building remained unchanged. Shortly after the Renwu of March, the commander's office of the North parallel capital was changed to the commander's office of Daning capital, which was attached to the rear military governor's office. There were five guards in Baoding, namely, the left, right, middle, front and back guards. They were attached to Daning capital's office. The left garrison was in Shunyi, the right garrison was in Jizhou, the middle garrison was in Pingyu, the front garrison was in Xianghe, and the back garrison was in Sanhe. There are left, right, middle, front and back five, which are still under the jurisdiction of Daning capital. According to the records of the Ming Dynasty, most of the guards in Daning fled and gathered outside their mouths to plunder. It's hard to bear the crime. I think this generation was all plundered by the emperor Taizu. They fought hard in the East and the West. Later, out of a moment of fear of crime, he fled to get together and had no money for food and clothing. Therefore, he was trapped as a thief. He had no reason to change his ways, but he sent someone to tell me. If the past sins are not to be solved, they should change their hearts and repent and return to service. Soon after, someone reported that Zhu Quan had harmed others with witchcraft and slandered others. Cheng Zuming ordered people to investigate secretly, but no evidence was found, so they stopped pursuing this matter. From then on, Zhu Quan kept a low profile all day long, and built a study to play the piano and study in it. Therefore, during Zhu Di's reign, Zhu Quan was not harmed.
Life in old age
In the reign of emperor Renzong of Ming Dynasty, the legal prohibition was slightly eased. Zhu Quan wrote that Nanchang was not his vassal state. Renzong wrote back and said, "Nanchang, my uncle has been granted the title from the former Emperor for more than 20 years. If not, what is it?"
In the third year of Xuande (1428), Zhu Quan asked Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty to give him Guancheng rural land near Nanchang city. On the fourth year of Xuande (1429)
Chinese PinYin : Zhu Quan
Zhu Quan
