Hazelnut

Hazelnut

Xie Zhen (1495-1575) was a poet of cloth clothing in Ming Dynasty. Mao Qin word, the number of Siming Shanren, Tuoxie Shanren, Shandong Linqing people. When he was 16 years old, he wrote Yuefu ShangDiao, which was widely spread. Later, he studied carefully, and deliberately wrote songs and poems. Jiajing, with poems and volumes, visited the capital, and Li Panlong, Wang Shizhen and other poems Association, one of the "seven sons", advocated to imitate the Tang Dynasty for the poem, and advocated that "choose the most of the fourteen families of Li Bai". Later, he was rejected by Li Panlong. Besides the name "seven sons", he toured among the vassal kings and ended up in cloth clothes. Xie Zhen's poems include 24 volumes of Si Ming Ji, 10 volumes of Yi Shuo and 4 volumes of Si Ming Shi Hua (also called Shi Jia Zhi Shuo).

Life experience

Becoming famous as a teenager

Xie Zhen has never been an official. He was born in a humble family. He liked to be a chivalrous young man and liked vocal music. At the age of 15, he studied poetry under the guidance of Su Donggao. At the age of 16, he wrote Yuefu Quci, which was passed down in Linqing and Deping.

At about 30 years old, he traveled to Zhangde in the west, dedicated poems to Zhu Houyu, king of Zhao Kang, and became a guest of the king of Zhao. Zhangde used to be the place of Ye, where scholars gathered in the Jian'an period at the end of Han Dynasty. The king of Zhao was also rich in literary talent and liked to recruit scholars. This should be the reason why Xie Zhen lived in Ye. Here, the main content of Xie's poem is about the scenery of Ye City and the reward of friends.

Travel everywhere

After living for a long time, Xie Zhen couldn't bear to accompany the banquets and make fun of the leisure life, so he took Yecheng as the center and began to roam north and south of the river. During the 20 years of Xiangjiang River and Jingsheng mountain, you can travel up to the East. He went to Kyoto in the north, climbed Juyong Pass, visited Wufeng mountain and wrote many travel poems. Most of his friends were local officials, clansmen and vassals, as well as monks, hermits, restaurants and students. Most of his poems were written by friends. During this period, he twice climbed Mount Song to visit Zen monks, and Zhuxian Town paid tribute to the anti Jin hero Yue Fei and paid tribute to Li Bai, Du Fu and Gao Shi. Although he had little contact with the peasants, he also had some understanding of the peasants' miserable life and expressed deep sympathy, such as Yu Qiao tan.

speak boldly in defense of justice

Xie Zhen said he was "indifferent", but he was still concerned about current affairs. In the 27th year of Jiajing period (1548), Xia Yan, the chief assistant of the cabinet, and Zeng MI, the Minister of the Ministry of war, were slandered and killed for opposing Yan Song, a traitor. Some friends were relegated to other places because of this. He wrote many poems to comfort and encourage them. The next year, he heard about Lu Nan's unjust imprisonment in xunxian County in Henan Province, that is, he traveled north to Beijing and ran between Gongqing, which finally made the unjust imprisonment level.

be concerned about one 's country and one 's people

In the 29th year of Jiajing reign (1550), Tatars entered Gubeikou and arrived at the foot of Beijing, shaking the government and the public. The treacherous Prime Minister Yan Song did not allow the generals to attack, so that the capital was plundered. When the poet saw this, he was worried and indignant for no reason. He wrote "five poems in autumn", "Ai Ya Xing" and "on New Year's Eve, I went with Mr. Li to climb the northwest tower to look at the people in the suburbs. When I was captured, I had a Fu with emotion".

depart from the world for ever

In the winter of 1573, the first year of Wanli, Xie Zhen returned from Guanzhong, passed Zhangde, and met Zhu Changqing, the great grandson of Zhao Kang. The king of Mu also liked Xie Zhen's poems and treated them with good gifts. At the banquet for Xie Zhen, King Mu ordered Jia Ji, who was loved by King Mu, to play his bamboo branch lyrics. Zhen was greatly moved. The next morning, he offered 14 new lyrics, and Ji composed all the music. On the new year's day of the second year, King Mu entertained Xie Zhen. After the banquet, "Sheng Li returns to Ji Yuzhen. When hazel wandered between Yan and Zhao, he was invited to write a hundred poems on longevity, which became more than 80 poems and passed away. " (Biography of Ming History)

Literary leader

The leader of "the last seven sons" in cloth clothes

Xie Zhen met Li Panlong and Wang Shizhen when he first went to Beijing in 1549. At that time, Li and Wang were just born, and Xie was a famous old poet. They often talk and write poems together to explore the way of poetry creation. When Li, Wang, Xu Zhongxing, Liang Youyu, Zong Chen and Wu Guolun returned to Beijing in 1552, they invited Xie Zhen to join the poetry club, which was known as the "post seven sons". At the beginning of the association, Xie Zhen held the bull's ear in cloth and became the leader of the seven sons. Later, Wang Shizhen respected Li Panlong and rejected Xie Zhen. Li's poetry became more and more famous and became the leader of the seven sons.

Xie Zhen is the only one who put forward a relatively complete view of poetry among the "latter seven sons", and Siming Shihua is the collection of his views on poetry. He advocated the restoration of the ancients and thought that poetry had reached its peak in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. However, he opposed the simulation of the size of the ruler and the formation of sentences by imitating the ancients, and advocated the creation of new ideas according to the perspective. Therefore, Xie Zhen's theory that the main poets follow the prosperous Tang Dynasty is not different from those of "the first seven poets" and "the last seven poets", but there are many differences in how to follow the ancients. He points out that there are flaws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which are not perfect. There are also good lines in the Song Dynasty, which can not be completely abolished. His theory is fairer than those of Li and Wang. At the same time, Xie Zhen's poetry mainly focuses on style, but he also attaches great importance to Ganxing. Different from Li and Wang's imitation theory, Xie Zhen's poetry has started the gradual development of spirit and charm.

People are poor, ambition is not poor

In 1560, King Kang of Zhao died. He was a poet over the age of Huajia. He wandered all over the world for several decades, but he had no choice but to return to his hometown to make a living. In 1564, at the call of his old friend, he lived in Jinyang and wrote the poem of staying poor, which comforted himself in poverty. After traveling in Guanshan, I was in a very sad mood. During this period, he improvised his feelings and wrote many poems about his sad mood. Such as "a hundred flowers sigh", "occasional", "Jiyu lament", as well as the poems of her son.

Literary achievements

Poetic theory

Xie Zhen's views on poetry are mainly reflected in Siming Shihua. His basic attitude is consistent with that of Li Panlong and Wang Shizhen. He also strongly advocates imitating the prosperous Tang Dynasty and thinks that learning from the song people is inferior. However, he thinks that the works of the ancients have their own peculiarities. Xie Zhen approved Yan Yu's saying: "to learn from it is only to learn from it, and to learn from it is to learn from it. Is there anyone who has not been able to learn from the law at the same time?" However, what is slightly different from Li Panlong and others is that he takes a wider path and thinks that the 14 schools in the early and prosperous Tang Dynasty "salt can be used as a method". He also sees that the styles of these schools are different: "they are as powerful as the sea, as beautiful as the cliffs of isolated peaks, as magnificent as storied buildings and pavilions, as quaint as Yao Se and Zhu Xian, as old as Shuo Mo's horizontal carving, as elegant as the crane in Jiugao, as clear as the snow in the mountains, as high as the clouds in the sky Such as dew smoked Chunlan, wonderful as whale wave mirage gas He stressed that these 14 families should be "familiar" with the spirit of singing, singing for the sake of tone. If you get these three essentials, you will be ruined. You don't have to paint Shaoling instead of banishing immortals. ".

Xie Zhen paid more attention to the "natural opportunity" and "transcendence" in his poetry creation. From this point of view, he stressed that the true feelings should not be imitated too much: "today's students are beautiful, they are poor when they are rich, and they are fighting when they are in Chengping. If you are not old, you will be old; if you are not sick, you will be sick. This imitation is too much. It is not the truth of temperament. " It also emphasizes the originality of "if people dare not do it, I will do it; if people refuse to do it, I will do it". These views are obviously more open and wise than Li Panlong's poetics.

However, although Xie Zhen advocates "transcendence" and "Tao" that others have not, his main purpose is to pursue the "aphorism" in his poems. He thinks: "all poems should be written with epigrams first, which is the beginning of prosperity and the master of the whole chapter. The case is decided by the master, and the meaning is created by the guest. " Moreover, the author thinks that this kind of unique aphorism of "transcendence" can be achieved either by "hiding in a quiet room and searching in the dark" or by "reading books to wake up one's heart and suddenly get something". These are all wrong ways to get out of life. His poetry creation sometimes only gets good sentences, but it is difficult to finish them. This phenomenon is the inevitable result of his guiding ideology.

Poetry creation

Xie Zhen's poetry creation has two aspects. First, because he had been a long-term migration between ministers and vassals, and lived a life similar to begging, his poems often expressed his sad feelings in his wandering. Such as "sitting at night, feeling and sending to Xu Wenshan" and so on, the bitterness and melancholy are expressed in words. His description of the hardships of the journey is also quite accurate: "where is the cold rain, where is the dark cloud. Mountain night, broken house near the ancient road. A few of them are far from each other, but they can't be swept away. There is no master in the wasteland of the garden, and the horses are scattered and gnawing at the autumn grass. " (staying in Yulindian in the rain) poets also often have the desire to "learn farming in other years" (that is, on a spring night) and "also have the desire to escape from Zen" (the master of Cambodian Sect on a late autumn night). But actually he's still running around. Second, because he traveled to Qin, Jin, Yan and Zhao for a long time, the scenery outside the Great Wall was often written. Poems such as "four songs on the wall", "Hu Jia Qu", "snow in September" and "listening to flute in winter night" vividly depict the scenery of "blowing plum blossom and snow all over the mountain" and "chrysanthemum can't be frozen into autumn". They also show the style and feelings of people outside the wall: "bend the arc and shoot from the back, the sky and the house return with snow day and night", "wild burning Lianshan Hu Ma Jue, who sings Liangzhou under the moon?" Some poems also reveal his idea of expecting good generals to guard the border. In "sending Xu to join the army and sending him to Yanzhong to kill Minqing", he cried out: "the father and the old man of Sanguan should have a lot of Wei Huo couples in the present age

Xie Zhen is good at growing near the body, and the five temperament is better. For example, in the evening of autumn, meet Feng Zhiqing, Qin Tingxian and Li Shimei to welcome Huanghua Mountain: "go deep into Huanghua Valley and stand high on the jade girl stage. Welcome people out of thousands of mountains and open a bottle at will. The cold dew drips down the grass and the autumn wind sweeps the moss. It's better to be a son than a bird. " Sentence cooking and word refining show his artistic skill of elegant demeanor. In addition, some of his Qijue can also be restrained, refined and radiant, such as resentment song line, which expresses his feelings.

Anecdotes and allusions

Lu Nan was born in xunxian County, Henan Province. He was a famous poet and Fu writer in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Xie Zhen is moving

Chinese PinYin : Xie Zhen