Lu AI Gong

Lu AI Gong

Duke AI of Lu (521-468 B.C.), surnamed Ji, a famous general (Shiben is Jiang), the son of Duke Ding of Lu, was the 26th monarch of the state of Lu in the spring and Autumn period. He was in power from 494-468 B.C. He ascended the throne after the death of Duke Lu Ding. In office, he was in power for Ji Sunsi, uncle sun, Zhongsun, He Ji, Ji Sun Fei, uncle Sun Shu and Zhong sun *. In 468 BC, Duke Lu died, and his son, Duke Lu, ascended to the throne.

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Confucius

Lu AI Gong ascended the throne at the beginning of his reign (495-490 BC).

He asked Confucius, "I was born in a deep palace and grew up in women's hands. I didn't know sorrow, worry, labor, fear or danger."

Confucius said, "what you ask is what you ask. Qiu, a villain, how can we know that? " He said, "it's not my son who has nothing to hear."

Confucius said, "when you enter the gate of the temple and go to the right side, you can climb up the steps of the temple, look up at the building, and see several banquets. The utensils are still there, but the people are dead. If you want to mourn, then the mourning will not come! If you have no idea, you will have no idea. If you have no idea, you will have no idea. If you have no idea, you will have no idea! If you listen to the court peacefully and retreat at the end of the day, there must be some sons and grandsons of the princes who will be in your final court. If you think about this, how can you not come! If you go out of the four gates of Lu to look at the four suburbs of Lu, you will have to cover up the void of subjugation. If you think about it, you will be afraid of the general! And Qiu Wen, the king, the boat also: the common people, the water also. Water carries the boat, and water capsizes the boat. If you think about the danger, how can it not come to you? "

——Xunzi AI Gong

In the fourteenth year of Duke AI of Lu (481 BC), Duke AI of Lu traveled to the West and shot Qilin. When he brought him back, Qilin was dead. Confucius wept at the news. In that year, Yan Hui also died. It is said that Confucius stopped writing the spring and Autumn Annals, which is called "Huolin".

——Confucius' spring and Autumn Annals

In the 41st year of King Jing of Zhou Dynasty and the 16th year of Duke AI (479 BC), Confucius died, and Duke AI of Lu paid homage to him. Leiwen said: "the sky is not hanging, not leaving an old man, so that the screen more than one person to be in power, lonely more than in guilt, alas! Niefu! No self-discipline. " (Zuo Zhuan, the 16th year of AI Gong)

In the 27th year of AI Gong, he wanted to invite Yue to attack Sanhuan. In August, AI Gong arrived at Youshan. Sanhuan attacked the Duke, who fled to the state of Wei, then to the state of Zou, and finally to the state of Yue. Chinese people welcome AI Gong's return and died in Youshan family. Zi Ningli, is to mourn for the public.

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Xunzi AI Gong

Xunzi (about 313-238 BC), whose name is Kuang and the word is Qing, is of the Han nationality. He is also known as Sunqing because he avoids the taboo of emperor Xuandi of the Western Han Dynasty and has the same ancient pronunciation as "Xun" and "sun". At the end of the Warring States period in the Zhou Dynasty, Zhao people were born. He is a famous thinker, writer, politician and one of the representatives of Confucianism. He once served as a sacrificial wine in the imperial palace of Qi Guoji three times, and later served as an order of Chu Lanling (now Shandong Lanling). Xunzi developed Confucianism and advocated the theory of evil nature, which is often compared with Mencius' theory of good nature. It also contributed to the reorganization of Confucian classics.

original text

Duke AI of Lu asked Confucius, "if I want to talk about the scholars of my country and run the country with them, how can I take the evil?" Confucius said to him, "is it not fresh to be born in this world, to know the way of the ancient, to live in the customs of the present, to serve the clothes of the ancient, and to give up this and not to be AI Gong said, "but is it wise to be led by Zhang Fu, Luo and the gentry?" Confucius said to him, "it's not necessary. If a man carries clothes and dark clothes and takes the road, his ambition is not to eat meat; if a man cuts down, cuts down, and sips porridge, his ambition is not to drink meat. Although there are those who are born in this world, who are determined by the ancient ways, who live in the present customs, who are obedient to the ancient clothes, and who give up this and do wrong, it is not uncommon! " AI Gong said, "good!"

Confucius said: "people have five virtues: mediocre, scholar, gentleman, sage and sage." "Ai Gong said:" dare to ask what is so mediocre Confucius said to him: "the so-called mediocre people can't speak well, they don't know the capital, they don't know how to choose the wise people, they don't know what they are worried about, they don't know what they are doing, they don't know what they are doing, they don't know what they are doing, they choose what they are doing, they don't know what they are worth, they follow what they are like, they don't know where they are going, they are right, and their hearts are bad AI Gong said, "good! How can you be a scholar? " Confucius said to him, "although the so-called scholars can't do their best in Taoism, they must have a high rate; although they can't do everything beautiful and good, they must have a place. Therefore, if we do not know much, we must examine what we know; if we do not speak much, we must examine what we say; if we do not act much, we must examine what we do, we must know what we know; if we say what we say; if we do what we do, we must examine what we know. Therefore, wealth is not enough to benefit, meanness is not enough to damage, so it can be called a scholar. " AI Gong said, "good! How can you be called a gentleman? " Confucius said to him, "the so-called gentleman is loyal but not virtuous. Benevolence and righteousness are in the body, but not in the color. Thinking is clear, but not in the words. Therefore, it is still like a gentleman who can reach him. " AI Gong said, "good! How can you be called a sage? " Confucius said to him, "the so-called virtuous man can be described as a virtuous man if he rules the line in his conduct and does not harm the root, if he speaks enough in the world but does not harm the body, if he is rich in the world but does not complain about wealth, if he gives to the world but does not suffer from poverty." AI Gong said, "good! How can you be called a great saint Confucius said to him, "the so-called great sage is one who knows the great way, who can adapt to circumstances without poverty, and who can distinguish between the feelings of all things. The great way, therefore, changes into all things; the emotional person, therefore, reason is not, choice is also. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish between heaven and earth, observe the sun and the moon clearly, and make sure that everything is in the wind and rain. If you are the heir of heaven, you can't know what you are doing, and if the people don't know their neighbors, then it is a great sage. " AI Gong said, "good!"

Duke AI of Lu asked Shun to be crowned with Confucius, but Confucius was wrong. Three questions, No. Shun said, "why don't you mourn my son?" Confucius said to him, "in ancient times, the king was in charge of his duties, but he was in charge of his duties. His politics were good, but his life was evil. So the Phoenix is in the trees, the Lin is in the countryside, and the nest of the black magpie is overlooking. You asked Shun Guan instead of this question, so it's not right. "

Duke AI of Lu asked Confucius, "are gentry, Wei and Zhang Fu good for benevolence?" Confucius said in an instant: "the name of the king is the same! It's not because the ears can't hear the music, but because of the service. He who wears clothes and clothes does not like meat, not because his mouth can not taste, but because of his clothes. And Qiu Wen, good four do not keep the fold, the elderly do not for the market, steal its beneficial and useless, you know it

Duke AI of Lu asked Confucius, "please choose people." Confucius said to him, "if you don't take health, if you don't take meat, if you don't take meat. Jian is greedy; he is disorderly; Kou is born. Therefore, the bow tune should be followed by strength, the horse suit should be followed by kindness, and the scholar should be followed by knowledge and ability. People who don't believe in Harcourt have much knowledge and ability. For example, jackals can't be killed. The saying goes: Huan uses his thief, Wen uses his thief. Therefore, master Ji does not believe in anger, and master Ji does not believe in anger. Plan wins, anger is strong, anger wins, plan is dead. "

Duke Ding asked Yu Yanyuan, "is tunozi good at controlling?" Yan Yuan said to him, "good is good! Although, its horse will lose. " Dinggong was displeased and said: "a gentleman is slandering people!" On the third day, the school came to pay homage and said, "when the horse of Dongye Bi is lost, two horses will line up and two clothes will enter the stable." Duke Ding leaped over the banquet and said, "I'm going to call Yan Yuan!" Yan Yuanzhi. Ding Gong said: "the day before yesterday, I was asked by a few people. My son said," if you are good, you will be good! Although his horse will be lost. " How can I know if I don't know? " Yan Yuan said to him, "I know it by my government. In the past, Shun was skillful in making people, but his father was skillful in making horses. Shun did not impoverish his people, and his father did not impoverish his horse, so that Shun did not lose his people, and his father did not lose his horse. At the end of Dongye's reign, you can get on the bridle and hold your body upright. At the end of the journey, you can finish your courtesies. At the end of your adventure, you can finish your horsepower. However, he still asks for the horse, so he knows it. " Ding Gong said, "good! Can we get less money? " Yan Yuan said to him, "when a minister hears about it, a poor bird will peck, a poor beast will grab, and a poor man will cheat. Since ancient times and today, there has been no one who is poor but not in danger. "

Explanation of the problem

Through the dialogue between Duke AI of Lu and Confucius, this article reflects some ideas of Confucianism. In the article, Confucius put forward the view that "it is not uncommon to be born in the present world and learn from the ancient ways; it is not uncommon to live in the present customs and obey the ancient clothes, and to abandon this for the wrong". He also thought that "the ancient kings like to live and hate to kill" and "the wise master Ji (trust stratagem) does not believe in anger, and the secret master believes in anger and does not allow it.". Yan Yuan's remarks are also recorded at the end of the article.

Lu AI Gong asked Yan He

Lu AI Gong asked Yan He, "I want to take Zhong Ni as a supplementary prime minister. Can the country be governed?" Yan he said, "it's dangerous! DANGER! Zhongni liked to exaggerate his mistakes, to use rhetoric, to use branches and leaves instead of beauty, to show his disposition, to show his people's wisdom and sincerity. How can it be on the people if it is directed by the heart and dominated by the spirit! If he is suitable for you and me, it's wrong and OK! It is not enough to educate the people to leave simplicity and learn hypocrisy. For the sake of future generations, it's better to stop it. You can't let him run the country! " It's not natural to give alms to the people without forgetting their contributions. Businessmen are not willing to be compared with them. Although they have to deal with them because of their affairs, they are still not willing to be compared with them ideologically. The tools of external penalty are metal and wood products, while the tools of internal penalty are negligence caused by reckless action. When a villain is punished outside the body, he is tortured with gold and wood tools; when he is punished inside, he is eaten away by the Qi of yin and Yang. Only a real person can avoid punishment inside and outside.

Original text:

Lu AI Gong Hu asked Yan He, "I take Zhongni as my duty. Is there a rash in my country?" He said, "it's the power of Zhongni! Fang Qie paints with his feathers. He is engaged in Chinese language. His purpose is to support the people. He is patient and depends on the people. He doesn't know whether to believe or not. He is subject to the heart and the God. How can a man go up to the people! It's a mistake to be a woman and a woman! It is not because of this that the people are regarded as the people. For the sake of future generations, we should not rest. It's hard to cure! " Apply to

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