Qian Zhengying

Qian Zhengying

Qian Zhengying, female, born in Shanghai on July 4, 1923, is an expert in water resources and hydropower, academician of Chinese Academy of engineering, former Minister of water resources of the people's Republic of China, and vice chairman of the 7th, 8th and 9th CPPCC National Committee.

In 1942, Qian Zhengying graduated from Shanghai Datong University and went to Huaibei liberated area. He successively served as cultural teacher of Huaibei district Party committee, teacher, instructor, instructor, Secretary of Party branch of Huaibei siwulingfeng county middle school; in 1944, he served as chief of water science section of Construction Department of Huaibei administration, and since then he has been engaged in water conservancy; from 1945 to 1948, he served as water conservancy officer of Jiangsu Anhui border region government He served as the deputy director and Secretary of the Party committee of the Yellow River Affairs Bureau of Shandong Province from 1948 to 1950; he served as the deputy director of the Ministry of water resources and the deputy director of the Engineering Department of the Huaihe River Management Committee of the East China military and political commission from 1950 to 1952; he served as the deputy director, member of the Party group and Deputy Secretary of the Party group of the Ministry of water resources and the deputy director of the Engineering Department of the Huaihe River Management Committee of the East China military and political commission from 1952 to 1967 He was the Vice Minister of the Ministry of water resources and electric power and the Secretary of the Party group from 1974 to 1988; he was the president of the Indian Friendship Association in 1992; he was elected the president of the sixth Red Cross Society of China in 1994; he was elected in 1995 He was the chairman of the Sixth China Kindergarten Teacher Award Foundation; he was elected academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1997; he was elected vice president of China Women's development foundation in 2002; and he won the achievement award of Guanghua Engineering Science and Technology Award in 2014.

Qian Zhengying participated in the regulation planning of the Yellow River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Pearl River, Haihe River and other river basins, and was responsible for the decision-making research of major water conservancy and hydropower projects. In the construction of harnessing the Huaihe River and Miyun reservoir, Liujiaxia hydropower station and Gezhouba Water Control Project on the Yangtze River, the major technical problems have been solved.

Character experience

Qian Zhengying was born in Shanghai on July 4, 1923. He was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. He ranked third in his family. He was strictly disciplined by his father when he was young. He entered middle school when he was just 10 years old. In January 1939, he entered the Department of civil engineering of Shanghai Datong University (later incorporated into Tongji University). In September 1941, he joined the Communist Party of China at school, and served as a member of the mass organizations of Datong University and Secretary of the branch Party branch of the Institute of technology. In January 1942, he graduated from Shanghai Datong University and went to Huaibei liberated area. He successively served as a cultural teacher of Huaibei district Party committee, a teacher, instructor, instructor and Secretary of Huainan Branch of Huaibei siwulingfeng county middle school. In the spring of 1944, the North Bank of the Huaihe River was repaired. Qian Zhengying, 21 years old, was in charge of the technical leadership and served as the chief of the water conservancy section of the Construction Department of the Huaibei administration. Since then, he has been formally involved in the water conservancy industry. From 1945 to 1947, he worked in the engineering section of the Water Conservancy Bureau of the Jiangsu Anhui border region government and the military station Department of the East China military region. He successively served as the deputy section chief of the transportation section and the director of the front engineering department. From 1948 to 1950, he worked in the Yellow River Affairs Bureau of Shandong Province, and successively served as deputy director and Secretary of the Party committee. From 1950 to 1952, he worked in the Ministry of water resources of the East China military and political Commission and the Engineering Department of the Huaihe River Management Commission as vice minister. from 1952 to 1967, he worked in the Ministry of water resources as vice minister, member of the Party group and Deputy Secretary of the Party group; later, he worked in the Ministry of water resources and electric power as vice minister and Deputy Secretary of the Party group. In 1952, he was also the first president and professor of East China University of water conservancy (now Hehai University). from 1967 to 1970, he was impacted by the "Cultural Revolution". from 1970 to 1974, he worked in the reform committee of the Ministry of water resources and electric power as deputy director and vice minister. from 1974 to 1988, he worked in the Ministry of water resources and electric power, the Ministry of water resources and the Ministry of water resources and electric power, and served as minister and Secretary of the Party group. In December 1997, he was elected academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering.

Main achievements

Achievements in scientific research

Qian Zhengying has long presided over China's water conservancy and electric power work. He is now vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. He presided over the research and formulation of a series of policies and management methods for the development, utilization, management and protection of water resources in China, the compilation of the management and planning of the Yellow River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River and Haihe river basins, and the long-term development outline of water conservancy construction in China, and the drafting of the water law of the people's Republic of China and the soil and water conservation law of the people's Republic of China He has approved and made decisions on many major water conservancy and hydropower projects, participated in the study and solution of major technical problems in the construction, and presided over and led the feasibility demonstration of the Three Gorges Project.

Water conservancy construction

Design policy

Qian Zhengying has successively presided over the research and formulation of a series of policies and management methods on the development, utilization, management and protection of China's water resources. He has also presided over the compilation of the management and planning of the Yellow River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and other river basins, as well as the long-term development outline of the national water conservancy construction. He has presided over the completion of the implementation of the water law of the people's Republic of China and the soil and water conservation law of the people's Republic of China He presided over the examination, approval and decision-making of many major water conservancy and hydropower projects, specifically participated in the study and solution of major technical problems in the construction, and presided over and led the feasibility demonstration of the Three Gorges Project.

Harnessing the Yellow River

At the beginning of 2003, Qian Zhengying undertook the important task of the national "11th Five Year Plan" major project leader, and the management of major rivers is the top priority. During the special discussion on "the main direction of the lower Yellow River Management", Qian Zhengying pointed out that to study the main direction of the lower Yellow River in the future, we need to re understand the Yellow River. Reasonable guidance should be given according to the possible objective conditions, instead of creating an ideal Yellow River without objective conditions.

Three Gorges Project

in October 1971, the Gezhouba project was forced to shut down and the design was revised. Qian Zhengying, as the main member of the technical committee, went deep into the site and organized experts to tackle key problems. He solved a series of problems, such as channel sedimentation, river closure, soft foundation treatment, large flow energy dissipation, etc., successfully revised the design, organized the implementation and successfully completed the project. In the 1980s, Qian Zhengying was responsible for the demonstration of the Three Gorges Project. He organized more than 400 experts in various fields to conduct a three-year comprehensive and in-depth demonstration and completed the task of demonstration, which laid the foundation for the approval and implementation of the Three Gorges Project in the National People's Congress. as of March 2016, Qian Zhengying has presided over and completed a number of major consulting projects of the Chinese Academy of engineering, such as "strategic research on water resources for sustainable development in China", "strategic research on water resources for sustainable development in Xinjiang", "strategic research on comprehensive development of coastal and island areas in Zhejiang". as of October 2018, Qian Zhengying has published water conservancy volume of China Encyclopedia and China Water Conservancy (Chinese and English versions), etc. In 1990, she organized 20 experts from all over the country to write "China's water conservancy", of which "decision-making issues of China's water conservancy" was written by her.

Honorary recognition

Social service

Personal life

Qian's father graduated from Cornell University with a master's degree in civil engineering. When Qian Zhengying was young, her father intended to cultivate her to inherit her career and planned a life path for her: Middle School - University - studying in the United States - becoming the first female Engineer in China. In 1942, Qian Zhengying, who had retreated from Shanghai to the Huaibei liberated area, disguised himself as a cousin with a male classmate in order to cope with the enemy's interrogation. Huang Xinbai, a former Vice Minister of education of the people's Republic of China, was her lifelong partner. They gave birth to a man and two daughters. The names of her three children are also related to water. The eldest daughter was named "Hui", which means that the Huaihe River was flooded when she was born. The son was named "Hong", which was born in 1954. The younger daughter was named "Qing", which means that the Sanmenxia reservoir was filled with water and the Huanghe River was clear in 1960.

Character evaluation

Qian Zhengying has participated in and led China's water conservancy for more than 60 years. Almost all the major water conservancy and hydropower projects on the great rivers of new China have left her shining footprints and her painstaking efforts and sweat. She participated in many hydropower projects and led to solve many major technical problems in construction. Over the past 10 years, Comrade Qian Zhengying has organized and led a large number of academicians and experts to carry out a series of consultation and Research on national and regional water resources issues, and achieved fruitful results. (on April 1, 2011, Premier Wen Jiabao of the Chinese State Council listened to the review of the comprehensive report on comprehensive development strategy of coastal and island areas in Zhejiang Province)

Character influence

On July 9, 2014, Qian Zhengying donated 1 million yuan to Hehai University to set up an educational science and technology fund, which is used to reward and subsidize students with excellent quality and learning in water conservancy and hydropower related majors and water conservancy science and technology workers who have made outstanding contributions to the country.

Chinese PinYin : Qian Zheng Ying