Wu woyao

Wu Jianren

Wu Jianren (1866-1910), formerly known as Baozhen and also known as woyao, was a denouncer novelist in Qing Dynasty. He was named Xiaoyun and cocoon person, but later changed to Jianren. Guangdong Nanhai (Foshan) people, wo Yao, born in Beijing, because of living in Foshan Town, spent his youth in Foshan, I call myself Foshan people. As a pseudonym, he wrote a lot of novels, fables and essays, which made him famous and became a giant of modern "condemnation novels". Novelists in the late Qing Dynasty. Active in the Qing Dynasty literature period,

Representative works: strange situation witnessed in the past 20 years, painful history, strange injustice of nine lives, etc.

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Wu Jianren (1866-1910), formerly known as Wu woyao, was born in Nanhai, Guangdong Province. He was born in Foshan.

The pseudonyms include Ji, fo, husuo, yaoweng, yeshishi, Lingnan jiangsou, Chinese youth, and I Foshan people, especially "I Foshan people".

Wu Jianren's great grandfather, Wu Rongguang, was the governor of Hunan Province and the governor of Huguang. His grandfather, Shen she, was a member of the Ministry of work, wailang. His father, Yunji, was an alternate inspector of Zhejiang Province. Wu Jianren lost his father when he was young. He lived in Shanghai at the age of seventeen or eighteen. He often wrote essays for newspapers. Since the 29th year of Guangxu, he published strange stories about electric numbers, strange injustice of nine lives, strange situation witnessed in the past 20 years, hate the sea, ashes of robbery, love change and so on in the magazine new novel. Among them, strange situation witnessed in the past 20 years and hate the sea caused a sensation and had a far-reaching influence, 1910 He left the first eight chapters of love affair unfinished and died in Shanghai.

Life of the characters

At the end of the 19th century, with the increasing corruption of the Qing government, a group of writers with patriotic conscience exposed and condemned the ugly phenomenon of society in the form of novels. Lu Xun once classified this kind of novels as condemnation novels for the first time in a brief history of Chinese novels. Wu Jianren's strange situation witnessed in the past 20 years has become one of the "four major condemnation novels" in the late Qing Dynasty. The other three novels are Li Baojia's officialdom, Liu e's Lao Can's travels and Zeng Pu's Nie Hai Hua. Wu Jianren, also known as wo Yao, Zi Xiaoyun, was born in Foshan, Guangdong Province in 1866. His great grandfather, Wu Rongguang, went to the governor of Huguang. His grandfather and father were small officials. Wu Jianren lost his father at the age of 17. In 1883, 18-year-old Wu Jianren left home and came to Shanghai. He worked as a clerk in a teahouse, and then worked as a copywriter in Jiangnan manufacturing Bureau. His monthly salary was meager. Once, he got half of GUI you Guang's Anthology from the bookstore and couldn't put it down, which gave rise to the impulse to create novels.

In 1897, Wu Jianren began to set up tabloids in Shanghai, and successively presided over the "Zi Lin Hu Bao", "Cai Feng Bao", "Qi Xin Bao", "fable Bao" and so on. In April 1903, he transferred from Shanghai to Hankou daily. Since that year, he has devoted himself to writing popular chapter novels, published them in the new novel magazine edited by Liang Qichao. Under the pseudonym of "I Foshan people", he has successively written "painful history", "strange situation witnessed in 20 years", "nine lives strange injustice", etc., reflecting the reality, exposing the dark corruption of social politics at that time and the greed, cruelty and malpractice of corrupt officials He became a prolific and well-known writer. In 1906, he was the editor in chief of the magazine Yueyue novel, and published a large number of articles. In addition, he founded the Guangzhi Primary School of Shanghai Guangdong people and presided over the association of Guangdong and Guangxi people.

Wu Jianren first lived outside the west gate of Shanghai, then moved to Zhapu road duoshouli, and finally settled in honganli, Haining Road. On the door of his house, he pasted a plum red paper with the word "cocoon dark". The cover of his poetry anthology was cursive "cocoon dark poem grass". The traditional characters of these characters look like the notes of LAN GUI poetry, which is mistaken for women's handwriting. But in fact, he is humorous in nature. He often speaks out in one word. He is not only charming but also unrestrained. He talks about the world after drinking. He is impassioned and invincible. Because of his honest personality, he did not want to associate with the powerful and powerful. He once refused the examination of the Qing government's special economic subjects and refused to pursue his official career. He could only live by selling his articles.

Wu Jianren was poor all his life, and he was often short of money. Because he lived in poverty and worked hard, he died in Shanghai in October 1910. He was only 45 years old. When he died, he had only four corners of his body, and his friends were responsible for his funeral. His remains were first placed in Guangzhao villa, tanziwan, Zhabei, for 20 years. It was not until September 21, 1931 that his ashes were burned. His ashes were buried in Dachang Guangzhao villa. During the cultural revolution, Guangzhao villa was regarded as the fourth old one, which was destroyed, and Wu tombs disappeared.

Life story

On May 29, 1866, that is, April 16, the fifth year of Tongzhi reign, Wu Jianren was born in Xuanwumen, Beijing, where his grandfather lived. Three months later, his grandfather, who was a medium-sized official of Beijing, died. His father was just a small official of inspection and so on. He could not bear the coldness of human life. Two years later, he took Wu Jianren thousands of miles south to return to Wu's big tree hall in Foshan Town, Nanhai, Pearl River Delta. Because there was no source of livelihood, after Ding you was satisfied, he had to say goodbye to his wife and children and went to Ningbo, Zhejiang Province to continue a small inspection tour from Jiupin.

Wu Jianren went to Shanghai when he was 17 years old because his father died and he had no life to live. In this way, he spent his childhood and youth in Foshan completely, which was the best time in his life. However, the high-yielding Wu Jianren left millions of words of works in his life, such as novels, essays, operas, poems, fables, political commentaries and even advertising copy, but it is very difficult to find the reminiscent words about his childhood and juvenile life, which has become a blank tape. We have no way to know the secret. But we can imagine that an orphan and widowed family, whose father has been away for a long time, will inevitably bear such and such interpersonal pressure. Wu Jianren, in his representative work "strange situation witnessed in 20 years", specially wrote a story about "strange situation of wanton crazy family, avoiding danger and evil mother and son discussing leaving home", which implied the decline of Wu family and the experience of the family being "conquered" by the powerful in the family.

In 1879, Wu Jianren, 13, entered the famous Foshan academy four or five years earlier than Liang Qichao and Chen Qianqiu, two of Kang Youwei's disciples, and ten years earlier than liang Shiyi, who later became the Prime Minister of the Beiyang government. Especially during the reign of Guangxu, Wu Jianren was famous for passing 15 examinations in one year, but he never mentioned the glorious history of his "alma mater". Perhaps, the family strife and the darkness of the society made him have an instinctive aversion to the stereotyped art which separated the reality and the imperial examination, and early buried his "condemnation" with novels in the future The seeds of the world.

However, Lingnan Foshan, after all, is the birthplace of his ancestors and the place where he grew up with his childhood and youth. The bitter memories and experiences of his early years do not affect his deep love for his hometown. Although he is so stingy about Foshan's words, a pseudonym of "I Foshan people" is enough to prove everything - Wu Jianren has more than ten pseudonyms, but the famous one at home and abroad is the signature of "I Foshan people" when he published the strange status quo witnessed in 20 years.

From Jiangnan manufacturing Bureau

One day in 1884, a young man with simple luggage from Foshan, Guangdong, entered Jiangnan manufacturing Bureau, the largest Westernization military industrial base in China, which was located in the south of Shanghai. He is Wu Jianren who has just experienced the pain of his father's death and wants to get rid of the shackles of the old environment.

Shanghai is the most important part of Wu Jianren's life. Not only did he spend most of his life in Shanghai, but most of his more than 30 novels were written in Shanghai. The social figures depicted in such masterpieces as the strange situation witnessed in the past 20 years were also mostly drawn from the famous bureaucrats and foreign slave compradors in Shanghai. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, what was the appearance of Shanghai beach, which was called adventurer's paradise? Just look at his novels.

However, Wu Jianren, who had just come to Shanghai to earn a living, probably did not foresee that he would take such a road. He first worked as a scribe in the translation Hall of Jiangnan manufacturing Bureau, and later promoted to a mechanical draftsman with his own efforts. Although his monthly salary is meager and "his monthly income is only eight gold", the environment that is quite different from Foshan ancient town has opened his eyes. The sound of machines turning and crashing everywhere, as well as the huge workshop for making guns, make him feel like he is in another world.

Young Wu Jianren first showed his amazing talent beyond the little-known literature. At the age of 23, he built a standard sized steamboat and successfully sailed on the Huangpu River. There is a plot of "Zhao Xiaoyun" building a small fire wheel in the strange situation witnessed in 20 years, and this "Zhao Xiaoyun" has the shadow of Wu Jianren. If it wasn't for the low salary and oppression in Jiangnan manufacturing Bureau, Wu Jianren's life might have been unfolded in another form.

Of course, what's more important is that the climax of social reform was approaching. He felt that he was trapped in a cocoon in Jiangnan manufacturing Bureau and felt that he had to find more space for development in the great social changes. Once, he got half of GUI you Guang's collected works from the bookshop and couldn't put it down, which stimulated his love for words and the impulse of writing. In 1897, when he was 32 years old, he finally decided to "break out of the cocoon" and left Jiangnan manufacturing Bureau, where he had been serving for 14 years. He was employed by leisure daily, which had just been published, and began a short and rich career as a journalist. He successively presided over such newspapers as "Zilin Shanghai Daily", "Caifeng daily", "Qixin daily" and "fable daily".

Wu Jianren's first residence

Chinese PinYin : Wu Wo Yao