Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan Dulong Nu Autonomous County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Dulongjiang Township

Gongshan County, Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province governs the township and six administrative villages, including Maku village, Bapo village and kongdang village.

Located in the west of Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, 79.98 km away from Gongshan County. It is adjacent to Bingzhongluo town and Cikai town in the East, chawalong Township and zhuwagen town in Chayu County in Tibet in the north, and Kachin state of the Republic of the union of Myanmar in the West and south.

It is a typical high mountain and gorge landform with high mountains and deep valleys and large elevation difference. The topography of the whole township is "two mountains with one river". The main river is Dulong River.

With the largest rainfall in China, it is one of the three rainy centers in Southeast Asia.

With a total land area of 1939.94 square kilometers and a border line of 91.7 square kilometers, the township is the largest in Gongshan County.

The forest coverage rate is 93%, and there are more than 1000 kinds of higher plants. The families of stachyaceae, decadentaceae and kaempferidae originated in Dulong River.

There are 17 species of endemic wild animals, 13 species of national first-class protected animals and 36 species of second-class protected animals.

Dulongjiang township is the only settlement of Dulong nationality in China, and the main nationality is Dulong nationality. Dulong is one of the 28 ethnic groups with a small population in China.

In June 2020, the total population of the township is 4227, of which more than 99% are Dulong.

The economy is dominated by planting and breeding. The characteristic economic crops are caokuo, Paris polyphylla and Zanthoxylum bungeanum. The characteristic breeding includes Dulong cattle, Dulong chicken, Zhongfeng breeding, etc. It used to be one of the most closed and poverty-stricken towns in China for a long time.

In 2018, the per capita disposable income of permanent residents in the township was 6122 yuan. The six administrative villages were lifted out of poverty as a whole, and the whole Township and the whole ethnic group were lifted out of poverty in Nujiang Prefecture.

In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Dulong People entered the socialist society directly from the primitive society.

Dulongjiang township is a national cultural heritage protection area of Dulong nationality in China, and the Dulong kaquewa Festival is the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage.

Dulongjiang township is one of the core areas of Gaoligong Mountain National Nature Reserve and "Three Parallel Rivers" world natural heritage. The main scenic spots include Dulong River and Dulong River Grand Canyon. Dulong River scenic spot is a national 3A scenic spot.

Evolution of organizational system

In the Western Han Dynasty, it was the frontier of YueSong county.

The southern imperial edict of Tang Dynasty belonged to Jianchuan Festival.

Song Dali was under the jurisdiction of Mou Tong Fu.

In 1933, Mengdi township was set up in Gongshan.

In 1939, it was called Xinmin Township.

In 1950, it was called four districts of Gongshan County.

In 1959, it was called five districts of Gongshan County, and the township government was stationed in Bapo village.

In 1969, it was called Dulongjiang commune.

The town was changed in 1984.

In 1988, it was changed to Township, and the township government was stationed in Bapo village.

In 2002, with the approval of Yunnan Provincial People's government, Dulongjiang township government moved from Bapo to kongmu.

administrative division

Gongshan County, Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province governs the township, including six administrative villages: Maku village, Bapo village, xianjiudang village, Longyuan village, dizhengdang village and kongdang village. The township government is stationed in kongdang village.

In 2014, there were 25 natural villages and 41 villager groups in the township.

In September 2017, the township has 6 village committees, 26 natural villages and 41 villager groups.

Location context

Located in the west of Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, 79.98 km away from the county seat, it is a remote township of Gongshan County. It is adjacent to Bingzhongluo town and Cikai town in the East, chawalong Township and zhuwagen town in Chayu County of Tibet Autonomous Region in the north, and Kachin state of the union of Myanmar in the West and south. It lies between 27 ° 31 ′ - 28 ° 24 ′ N and 98 ° 08 ′ - 98 ° 30 ′ E. It is 34 km from east to west and 91.7 km from north to south.

terrain

It is a typical high mountain and gorge landform, with high mountains and deep valleys, and vertical and horizontal gullies, forming a closed geographical environment. The highest altitude is 4969 meters, the lowest is 1200 meters, and the altitude of township government is 1481 meters.

The Dulong River, the main river in the territory, passes through the central part from north to south. On the East Bank of the Dulong River is Gaoligong Mountain with an altitude of more than 5000 meters, and on the West Bank is danlika mountain with an altitude of more than 4000 meters. The topography of the whole Township is like "two mountains with one river", thus forming the wonder of the Dulong River Grand Canyon.

hydrology

The Dulong River, one of the six major water systems in Yunnan, is the main stream of the upper Irrawaddy River in Myanmar and originates from the south of the boshula mountains in Chayu County, Tibet. From north to south, it passes through the middle of Dulongjiang Township, and flows into Myanmar from the south of Dulongjiang township to the west, which is called enmeikai river. The Dulong River is 250 km long with a large drop of riverbed. There are more than 100 waterfalls in its tributaries. The drainage area of Dulong River Township is 947 square kilometers.

The Dulong River originates from Chayu County, Tibet. Its upstream is called keluoluo River, and it is called Dulong River after confluence with mabiluo river. The Dulong River flows between Gaoligong Mountain and danlika mountain in Dulong River Township. The flow in the township is 90 km, the river surface is 30-60 m wide, the river bed is inclined to the south, the river water is emerald color, clear to the bottom, and the annual average flow is 260 m3 / s. according to the utilization rate of 84.4%, the water energy reserve is 22.98 billion kwh / A.

Other rivers in the territory belong to the Dulong River system, including mabelo River, mogalo River, bukawang River, latrawang River, etc.

climate

Affected by the warm and humid air flow in the bay of Bengal, the annual precipitation is 2932-4000 mm, which is the highest in China. About 300 days a year is rainy. It is one of the three rainy centers in Southeast Asia.

The temperature at the top of the mountain is quite different from that at the foot of the river. There are three climatic zones: cold, warm and hot. The valley has a subtropical humid climate with an average annual temperature of 16 ℃ and frost free period of more than 280 days. The average sunshine hours of the whole year are 1100-1400 hours and the air humidity is 90%.

natural resources

Biological resources

As of 2012, the forest area of Dulongjiang township has reached more than 1.3 million mu, the forest coverage rate is 77.2%, and the volume of standing trees is 33.5 million cubic meters. Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve covers an area of 143000 hectares, accounting for one third of the total area of the reserve. There are 2686 species of seed plants belonging to 764 genera and 163 families in the nature reserve.

In July 2019, the forest coverage rate of Dulongjiang township will be 93%.

There are more than 1000 kinds of higher plants, more than 100 kinds of medicinal plants and more than 80 kinds of flower plants. Rare and precious tree species are Taiwania flousiana, Taiwania fortunei, Torreya grandis, tree fern, Phoebe, Pterocarpus tinctorius, Taxus chinensis, Cephalotaxus gongshanensis, Davidia involucrata, etc. Among them, 239 species are endemic, belonging to 103 families and 14 genera. There are 8 families of East Asian endemic plants preserved in Dulongjiang Township, among which the stachyaceae, decadentaceae and jiuzimu family originated from Dulongjiang.

There are 192 species in 74 genera, 25 families, 8 orders of mammals, 269 species of birds, 690 species of insects, belonging to 167 families, 20 orders. There are 17 species of endemic wild animals. There are 13 species of animals under the first class national protection and 36 species under the second class national protection.

Dulongjiang township is the main distribution area of Dulong cattle in China. In 2000, Dulong cattle was listed in the national list of livestock and poultry genetic resources protection by the Ministry of agriculture.

land resource

With a total land area of 1997.3 square kilometers, the township is the largest in Gongshan County, accounting for 44.25% of the total area of the county.

By the end of 2013, the total land area of Dulongjiang township was 2.991 million mu, with a per capita area of 776.7 mu, of which forest land accounted for 51.98%, and grassland (including secondary growth shrubs and grass hillsides) accounted for 45.8%,

Other land use accounted for 1.99%, and cultivated land area was 6561 mu, accounting for 0.21% of the total area, including 482 mu of paddy field, 6079 mu of dry land, and 0.4 mu of basic farmland with a yield of more than 300 kg per capita.

Other resources

Dulongjiang township is rich in water energy and tourism resources.

In terms of hydropower resources, in addition to the main stream Dulong River, there are 11 tributaries that can be used for small hydropower development (with an installed capacity of more than 500 kW).

Dulongjiang township is one of the core areas of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve and "Three Parallel Rivers" world natural heritage.

Population nationality

nation

Most of the Dulong People in China live in Dulongjiang Township, which is the only settlement of the Dulong People in China. Dulong is one of the 28 ethnic groups with a small population in China.

On the eve of the founding of the people's Republic of China, there were only 1700 Dulong people left (including other parts of Yunnan), almost on the verge of extinction.

population

According to the fifth census in 2000, there were 4169 people in Dulongjiang township.

In 2004, the Dulong nationality accounted for 98.87% of the total population of the township

According to the sixth census in 2010, there are 4239 people in Dulongjiang township.

At the end of 2013, there were 943 households in Dulongjiang Township, with a total population of 4143, including 2101 males and 1835 females. Among them, there are 3936 agricultural population and 2003 labor force.

In October 2014, there were 1232 households in the township, with a total population of 4350, including 4095 agricultural population, and the number of Dulong nationality accounted for 99% of the total population. The population density is 2.18 people per square kilometer.

In 2017, there were 4339 people in the township.

In January 2019, there are 4172 people in 1136 households in the township, and the number of Dulong People accounts for 99% of the total population.

In June 2020, the total population of the township is 4227, of which more than 99% are Dulong.

Infrastructure construction

traffic

Before 1964, the road to and from Dulong River was more dangerous, sometimes even rock climbing. It took half a month to go back and forth to Gongshan County. Liusuo is the most common style of Dulong People

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Nu Jiang Li Su Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Gong Shan Du Long Zu Nu Zu Zi Zhi Xian Du Long Jiang Xiang