Miaoli Township, Jinping County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province

Zuoli Township

Located in the high mountain area in the middle of Jinping County, Wuli township is 35 kilometers away from the county. It has jurisdiction over 10 administrative villages, 77 villager groups, 2582 households and 11760 people (all ethnic minorities, including 11123 Miao and 639 Dong). The total area of the township is 89 square kilometers, with 516 hectares of arable land, including 440 hectares of paddy fields and 76 hectares of drought. The forest area is 6000 hectares and the timber volume is 11080 cubic meters.

natural resources

It is mainly composed of mountains and hills, which incline from southwest to northeast. It is a beautiful pure land with undulating mountains, numerous mountains, streams, fresh air, beautiful mountains and rivers. Due to the special terrain, closed traffic, more mountains and less arable land, the average altitude is 600-650m, yunzhaojianshan, 941m above sea level, and the elevation of each peak of gaoheshan system is 911-941m. The geology belongs to the Jiangnan ancient land, 16 degree or damaged earthquake area, which is characterized by the framework of crisscross folds and faults, mostly sand shale dominated by metamorphic slate of Banxi group, and the landform is broken. The township government's residence, wulitianba, is a natural "small basin" surrounded by mountains. It is surrounded by "four general mountains", namely Buyi mountain (850m above sea level) in the East, Buyi mountain (850.7m above sea level) in the south, buying mountain (761m above sea level) in the West and bupang mountain (749m above sea level) in the north. It stands towering, with overlapping mountains on the left and right, extending around Tianba. It is known as the place of "Wanma Guichao". In ancient times, there were three ponds: Shangtang, Zhongtang and Xiatang. At Shuikou, there is lion mountain on the left and elephant trunk mountain on the right. Not far from the exit, there is a natural stone seal, a number of immortal and immortal ox footprints in the stream. It's amazing. Through the development and construction of generations of ancestors, tianbazhong, Shiban road runs through the East, West, North and south, from Shuikou to tudi'ao, known as "Shili Changjie". The dam is 5 kilometers long and 300-500 meters wide. There are four villages, zhaixian, zhaiou, Jieyang and Zhaixia, which live close to each other. They have thousands of acres of fertile land, a network of fields, towering ancient trees, dense houses and row upon row, which are better than "Peach Blossom Land". Wu Xiancai, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem: "a River encircles Wenjiang village, and ten thousand horses return to Miaoli village". Zeng zhaocan, a sage, had seven rhythms: "the cave is not allowed to go in Taoyuan, but it is the shape of Miaoli village at any time", which shows that Miaoli village has beautiful mountains and pleasant scenery. The township is rich in natural resources, has a long history of humanities, outstanding people. Zuoli is one of the ethnic cultural villages in Southeast Guizhou. The ethnic village is built on the mountain, with ancient trees and wells. There are Fengyu bridge and Red Army tree monument in the rural scenic spots, while Yunzhao thousand mu tea farm under development has beautiful scenery, especially like a paradise.

Infrastructure

There are many rural roads in pingbiao, Pingjiao, xiawachang to gexi, gexi to Guazhi, gexi to Boli, Boli to Guazhi, Bala to Jiaodong, Jiaodong to Yunzhao to Boli, dujiu to bake, and Boli to saicun. Qingshui River passes by. All 23 villages have been electrified, 12 villages have closed-circuit television and 6 villages have program-controlled telephone. The base stations of China Mobile and China Unicom have been built.

cultural education

In the village, culture is promoted, education is emphasized, and cultivation and reading are advocated. In 1406 A.D., Wu Chaolong came to Lotus cave from Tianzhu Yuankou to set up a school, which became the pioneer of the development of education. In the first year of Tianshun (1457 AD), Tonggu Weixue was established. During the 180 years from the end of Ming Dynasty, private schools were successively set up in villages such as Ouli, Yunzhao, Jiaodong, gexi, junjiu and saidong. In the Ming Dynasty, chieftains practiced the policy of fooling the people, forbidding the Miao people's children to take part in the imperial examination. In the Qing Dynasty, the policy of Huairou was adopted for the minorities and the education was set up in the Miao area, which objectively promoted the rise and development of education in the Miao area. In the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683 AD), Guizhou's children and scholars were asked to take the exam, and Wu xiangteng was the first scholar to take Yihai Kewen. However, in the era of imperial examination, those who were famous for literature and martial arts in our country were not happy with their official career, and most of them taught locally to promote the development of local education. During the period of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, villagers raised funds and successively hired Yang xuepei, a famous local tea teacher, and Zeng zhaocan, a famous local tea teacher, to teach for a long time, so as to promote the development of local education. The establishment of the Republic of China abolished the education of "loyalty to the monarch", advocated the moral education of citizens, changed the nine-year system into the seven-year system (three or four systems), and changed schools into national schools. In the seventh year of the Republic of China, Wuli Township used Wenchang Pavilion as a school building to establish a national school. In the 18th year of the Republic of China, long Jingqing, director of the Youth League defense branch, and Wu Xiancai, principal of the Youth League defense branch, presided over the meeting. They called together the village gentlemen to discuss and mobilize the people to donate money. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (ad 1933), the primary school in Ouli township was built. The school had a large scale and complete equipment, and became a well-known school in the whole county. Teenagers from more than ten villages around Wenjiang, loujiang, Zhongling, ladong, Yuhe, Yaoguang, Zhongyang, Bayang, Yongning, Wuxing, Ganwu came to study. After liberation, with the attention and care of the Communist Party and the people's government, the education of the village has developed unprecedentedly. There are 8 schools in the township, including 1 junior middle school, 1 Township Primary School, 1 District primary school and 5 teaching classes. There are 89 primary and secondary school teachers (including 33 middle school teachers and 56 primary school teachers) and 1361 primary and secondary school students (including 520 middle school students and 841 primary school students). The enrollment rate of nine-year compulsory education in primary schools is 99.6%, and the gross enrollment rate of junior middle schools is 102%. The dropout rates in primary and junior high schools were respectively controlled at 1%. In the past 100 years, many students have gone out of school and entered the society. They have made great contributions to all fronts. It can be said that "students are all over China and all over the world.". the cultural life of the people in Dali has made continuous progress with the changes of the times, with rich contents and various forms, showing the spiritual outlook of the people in different historical periods, and promoting social development and economic leap. People's houses are of pure wood structure. Generally, there are three rooms in one building, some with two floors and some with three floors. Most of them are oriented to the southeast and the leeward is sunny. The air is fresh and comfortable. Clothing: in ancient times, men wore big skirts and crotch pants, with cloth belt around the waist, self dyed and sewed with homemade home-made fabric. Women wear large skirts, folded skirts, leggings, silver flowers, silver necklaces, silver bracelets, gold and silver earrings, silver buttons, long braids of red rope, hairpin, silver hairpin and scarf after marriage, and embroidered shoes or nose raising shoes. Since the Qing Dynasty, Yang xuepei, a member of loujiang village in Daoguang County, convened the leader of the twenty-one village to discuss the reform of the custom. He cut his braids and shaved his head, wrapped his head with a cloth towel, and changed his lapel and lapel into plain clothes. After the Republic of China, it evolved into a uniform, with young people wearing Zhongshan suits, double breasted suits and women changing skirts into trousers. Nowadays, in addition to the elderly, both men and women wear fashion and many suits. In ancient times, most marriages were arranged by parents. After marriage, women were in their mother's home for "the new three years and the old three years". Most of them gave birth late. Young men and women liked to "play with mountains" and some married freely. After liberation, many of the old customs have gone. They are free to fall in love and get married. Marriage is different from the past. They have a special interest in New Year's day. During the Spring Festival, we play the Dragon Lantern Festival and celebrate the Lantern Festival. During the four seasons of the year, we have our own festivals, which are especially lively and interesting: "March 3" to eat sweet rattan cake, "April 8" to eat black rice, "Dragon Boat Festival" to eat zongzi seeds, "June Mao day" to taste the new "," July half "to worship ancestors," Mid Autumn Festival "to taste the moon," Chongyang "to eat sesame cake," winter solstice "to worship ancestors. On the festival day, cattle herding, fighting, visiting relatives and friends, drinking and having fun. Funeral, from ancient times to the present, implements the burial. When the old man in the village died, he asked the Taoist priest to set up an altar for the dead. No matter whether they are close or not, they will go to the gate to mourn. When climbing the mountain, relatives and friends will see the dead off automatically. Young people will fight for the old bar. At ordinary times, reciprocity, unity and harmony, help each other to form a good fashion.

Economic overview

High quality camellia oil, pollution-free Chinese herbal medicine, wild osmanthus honey, animal husbandry and aquatic products, forestry and so on are the main resource advantages of Boli township (the first three are more famous inside and outside the county). The township party committee and government take them as the five major industries of the township to plan, cultivate and develop. Gexi forest farm is the largest forest farm in Boli Township, the three major forest farms in Jinping County, and the national excellent collective forest farm, with a value of 50 million yuan and an annual thinning income of 400000 yuan. In 2002, the township produced 60 tons of oil and tea, at least 100000 kg of Gastrodia elata and Bala, 20000 kg of Poria cocos and 5000 kg of honey, 6900 live pigs and 58 tons of aquatic products (fish farming in paddy fields). People's awareness of science and technology has increased year by year. In 2003, the township promoted 6100 mu of hybrid rice, implemented 5500 mu of wide narrow row standard planting, 1580 mu of hybrid corn, implemented 2500 pig times and 495 cattle times, and gradually emerged a number of professional breeding demonstration households, such as Yunzhao, Wu GAOSONG (raising 25 cattle and 110 sheep), Wu Yufu (raising 12 cattle and 40 pigs), and balalan Shiqiao (raising 40 pigs) There are 170 bees, 50 pigs and so on. In 2002, the total agricultural output value of the township was 11.7 million yuan, the total grain output was 3173 tons, the per capita share was 320 kg, and the per capita net income of farmers was 762 yuan. In 2003, the total agricultural output value of the township was 11.93 million yuan, the total grain output was 3835 tons, the per capita grain consumption was 345 kg, and the net income of farmers was 832 yuan.

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhou Sheng Qian Dong Nan Miao Zu Dong Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Jin Ping Xian Ou Li Xiang