Gulangyu street, Siming District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province

Gulangyu Subdistrict

Gulangyu Subdistrict

It is a street under the jurisdiction of Siming District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province. The original name is "yuanshazhou", also known as "yuanzhouzi", which was renamed "Gulangyu" in Ming Dynasty. There is a reef more than two meters high with a cave on the beach in the southwest of the island. When the tide is high, the waves strike the reef and sound like a drum. People call it "gulangshi", hence the name Gulangyu.

Gulangyu is the largest satellite island in Xiamen, with short streets and crisscross streets. The rocks on the island are towering, tall and handsome. Due to the long-term impact of the waves, it has formed many secluded valleys, cliffs, beaches, reefs, cliffs and rock peaks.

On April 26, 2003, the former Gulangyu District, Kaiyuan District and Siming District were merged to form a new Siming District. At the same time, after the establishment of Xiamen Gulangyu district was abolished, Gulangyu sub district office was set up in its administrative region, and "Xiamen Gulangyu wanshishan Scenic Area Management Committee" was set up to manage tourism and other affairs on Gulangyu Island.

The area under the jurisdiction of Gulangyu street is the island area of Gulangyu, with an area of 1.91 square kilometers and a population of 14242 (2010). Gulangyu Street governs two communities: Longtou community (East) and neicuo community (West).

Evolution of organizational system

Tong'an county was established in 282, the third year of Taikang in Jin Dynasty. It was abolished in that year and merged into Nan'an county. It was not until more than 600 years later that the county system was established again: it was promoted to Tong'an County in the period of Min state.

In the second year of Tang Guangqi (886), Wang Chao conquered Quanzhou as a governor. In 947, the Southern Tang Dynasty annexed the state of min, and Tong'an was ruled by Wang Chao and the state of min, which lasted for 61 years. In 909, the first year of Kaiping, Wang Shenzhi was the king of Fujian. He established the state of Fujian, with Fuzhou as its capital and Datong Chang as its jurisdiction. In 949, the Southern Tang Dynasty promoted Quanzhou to Qingyuan Army (jurisdiction of Quanzhou, Putian, Zhangzhou). In 963, the Song Dynasty changed the Qingyuan army into the Ping Navy, with Chen Hongjin as the governor and Tong'an County as the Ping Navy. In 978, Chen Hongjin took over the territory of the Song Dynasty, and Tong'an county was brought into the territory of the Song Dynasty along with the Pinghai Navy. In the same year, song Fuping's navy was Quanzhou. Song belonged to the Navy and Quanzhou.

In 1394, the city of Xiamen was built. In 1650, Zheng Chenggong was stationed in Xiamen. In 1655, he was transferred to Siming Prefecture in jiaheli, Suide Township, Tongan county. In 1680, it was abolished. In Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Quanzhou Prefecture.

Since the Qing Dynasty, it was subordinate to Fujian Xingquan Yongdao. In 1684, Xingquan road was set up under the jurisdiction of Xingquan road. In 1686, Tongzhi branch Defense Department of Quanzhou Prefecture was set up. In 1727, Xingquan road was under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou, Putian, Xiamen, Yongchun and Datian counties. Daotai was moved from Quanzhou to Xiamen.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the government removed the government and changed the name of Xingquan Yongdao to Nanlu Dao. In the third year of the Republic of China, it was changed to Xiamen Dao, which governed Xiamen, Putian, Quanzhou and Datian counties. In April 1912, jiaheli, Suide Township, Tong'an County, was designated as Siming county. In September, it was promoted to Siming Prefecture and abolished. In the fourth year of the Republic of China, in 1915, Jinmen island and nearby islands were set up as Jinmen county.

In 1933, the people's revolutionary government of the people's Republic of China (Fujian people's Government) set up Xiamen city. Xiamen city was established and transformed into a special city. Tong'an county and Xiamen city are subordinate to Xingquan Province, which governs Quanzhou, Putian and Xiamen. After the failure of the "Fujian coup" in January 1934, Xiamen special municipal government and Xingquan province were abolished, and Siming county and Tong'an county were both under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province The government is directly under the central government. In 1934, Tong'an and Siming counties belonged to the fifth administrative supervision district (stationed in Tong'an). In April 1935, Xiamen city was set up on seven islands including Xiamen and Gulangyu. Siming county was abolished as Heshan special district, and Tong'an County belonged to the fourth administrative supervision district (stationed in Tong'an, governing Quanzhou, Putian and Xiamen). From May 1938 to September 1945, Xiamen island was occupied, and Tong'an county still belonged to the fourth administrative supervision district of Fujian Province.

In September 1949, the tenth regiment of the Chinese people's Liberation Army entered the mainland of Fujian and attacked Xiamen, then launched the battle of Jinmen (the battle of Gu Ning TOU) and the artillery battle of Jinmen (see the relevant articles and data of the battle of Jinmen and the artillery battle of Jinmen for details). In 1979, Xu Qianqian, then Minister of national defense of the people's Republic of China, issued the "statement on stopping shelling big and small Kinmen islands". The 21 year shelling of Kinmen officially ended.

In September 1949, it was under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou, Putian and Xiamen. In July 1950, it was transferred to the office of Quanzhou administrative inspector general of Fujian Province, which was in charge of Quanzhou, Putian and Tong'an counties. Later, it was renamed Jinjiang District. In 1953, Jimei township of Tong'an county was designated to the outskirts of Xiamen.

In October 1958, Tong'an county was transferred from Jinjiang District to Xiamen. In August 1970, it was again under the jurisdiction of Jinjiang District, and in September 1973, it has been under the jurisdiction of Xiamen city.

In 1997, the district covers an area of 1.8 square kilometers and has a population of 20000. It has jurisdiction over 11 neighborhood committees, including Shichang, Yanping, Qishan, Lujiao, Longtou, Dadai, Bishan, neicuo, Fuxiang, Jishan and Sisong.

From April 26, 2003, the former Gulangyu District, Kaiyuan District and Siming District were merged to form a new Siming District. At the same time, after the system of Gulangyu District in Xiamen city was abolished, Gulangyu sub district office was set up in its administrative region, which greatly reduced the government establishment, saved administrative expenses, promoted social development, and reduced the administrative cost. It belongs to Siming District in Xiamen city. The place where the plaque of the people's Government of Gulangyu district was once hung was replaced by the plaque of "Management Committee of Gulangyu wanshishan scenic spot", and Cheng Jianming, the last district head, took the post of director of the management committee. Cheng Jianming said at the opening ceremony of the management committee that all the past achievements have been recorded in history. The establishment of the management committee marks the beginning of a new venture to build a world-class boutique tourist resort.

The total area of Gulangyu wanshishan scenic spot is 247.1 square kilometers, including 211 square kilometers of sea area. Xiamen Municipal Government authorizes the management committee to exercise relevant municipal economic management authority in its management area. Its main responsibility is to be fully responsible for the protection, utilization, planning and construction of scenic spots in accordance with national laws, regulations and relevant regulations.

Since May 8, 2007, Gulangyu has been officially approved as a national 5A tourist attraction. It was selected as "the first of the five most beautiful urban areas in China" by National Geographic magazine.

On July 8, 2017, Gulangyu was approved to be included in the world cultural heritage list.

In January 2021, Gulangyu street was recently awarded the third batch of famous cultural towns and villages in Fujian Province, and was awarded a plaque.

administrative division

Gulangyu Street governs two communities: Longtou community (East) and neicuo community (West).

geographical environment

Gulangyu street is located about 500 meters southwest of Xiamen peninsula. The hills in the north, northwest and South are undulating, and the East and central parts are relatively flat. The coastline of the island is 7 kilometers long and there are many beaches. The annual average temperature is 21.1 ℃, and the annual precipitation is 1200 mm. It covers an area of 1.91 square kilometers and has a population of 14242 (2010). It has jurisdiction over Longtou and neicuo communities. National scenic spots. It is known as "the island of music" and "the hometown of piano".

natural environment

Plant landscape

There are more than 90 families and 1000 species of trees, shrubs, vines and ground cover plants. Magnolia grandiflora, Cinnamomum camphora, Araucaria lanceolata, Phoenix wood, Putao, banyan, eucalyptus, palm, coconut forest, bamboo clumps, which are common in subtropical areas, are either planted alone in front of the house or behind the house, or in front of the road, or in groups in the courtyard green field.

Climatic characteristics

Subtropical marine climate, warm and humid, superior light and heat conditions. The seasonal changes of four seasons are quite regular: in spring, the monsoon turns from northeast to south, from cold to warm, and the rain increases; in summer, there are typhoons and thunderstorms to cool the hot days, sometimes typhoons; in autumn, there is less rain and more sunshine; in winter, there is northeast monsoon, which is cold but not cold. The sea and land breeze is very obvious, often blowing West to northwest from midnight to noon, and south to southeast from afternoon to before midnight. The summer monsoon is generally from southeast to southwest, with an average of 2-3. Thunderstorms are most frequent from May to August, and there is no thunderstorm period from December to February next year. Sea fog occurs from November to June of next year, with the most in March. Fog generally occurs in the middle of the night and in the morning, lasting for up to three days and up to an hour.

The annual average temperature in Xiamen is 21.2 ℃. The annual average maximum temperature is 24.5 ℃, the annual average minimum temperature is 18.7 ℃, the annual extreme maximum temperature is 38.4 ℃, and the annual extreme minimum temperature is 2 ℃. The average temperature of the coldest month is above 13 ℃, and there is no frost in the whole year. The lowest annual surface temperature is 10 ℃, the highest is 31.5 ℃, and the average annual temperature is 20.7 ~ 21.6 ℃.

The sea and land breeze in Xiamen is very obvious. It often blows West to northwest wind from midnight to noon (generally 1 to 2, maximum 4), and south to southeast wind from afternoon to midnight (generally 3 to 4, maximum 6). The summer monsoon is generally from southeast to southwest, starting from June, prevailing in July, followed by August. The average grade is only 2-3. The winter monsoon starts from late September to early April of next year. The wind speed is the highest in November, generally from northeast to northeast.

Sea fog occurs from November to June of the next year, with the most in March, 8 times in a month, followed by 6 times. The pure fog period is from July to October. If there is fog, the visibility is within 1 km. The visibility is poor from March to may, and the visibility is the best from July to October

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