Cao Yin

Cao Yin

Cao Yin (from September 7, 1658 to July 23, 1712), with the name of Ziqing, was named Lixuan, Jianting and Xueqiao. He was a flag bearer of the Han Army, a minister and a merchant of the Qing Dynasty during the reign of Kangxi. Cao Yin entered the palace at the age of 16 and served as the emperor of Kangxi. In the 29th year of Kangxi's reign, he was appointed as a weaver in Suzhou, and three years later he was transferred to Jiangning. After Kangxi's six tours to the south, four of them lived in Cao Yin's family.

Life

Cao Yin entered the palace at the age of 16 and served as the emperor of Kangxi. In the 29th year of Kangxi's reign, he was appointed as a weaver in Suzhou, and three years later he was transferred to Jiangning. After Kangxi's six tours to the south, four of them lived in Cao Yin's family. When Cao Yin was critically ill, Kangxi gave him quinine and sent someone to Nanjing by night. Unfortunately, before the medicine arrived, Cao Yin died. Cao Yin was elegant and liked to make friends with famous people. He was familiar with poetry and rhyme. He edited the whole Tang poetry, including eight volumes of CI Chao, four volumes of CI Chao, one volume of CI Chao, one volume of CI Chao and one volume of Wen Chao. He was originally married to Gu family and died early. Later, he married Li family, the daughter of Li Yuegui, the younger brother of Li Shizhen family, Li Xu's father.

There were four members of Cao Yin's family who served as Jiangning weavers. In fact, they were the imperial merchants who supplied silk goods for the court and purchased various imperial goods. Cao Yin also received the money from the interior government as a banker. However, the Cao family was inevitably involved in the struggle for the crown prince in the late Kangxi period. The Cao family had repeatedly recommended the eighth elder brother Yinyi as the crown prince, which angered the fourth elder brother Yongzheng at that time. So after Yongzheng came to power, he immediately cleaned up the Cao family, and the once prosperous Cao family completely collapsed.

Main story

Family situation

In the eighth year of Shunzhi (1651 A.D.), the Regent Dorgon was found guilty of a serious crime after his death. Shunzhi took Dorgon's Zhengbai flag into his charge, and the Cao family also changed from the royal house to the house of internal affairs, becoming the emperor's slaves. At this time, Cao Xi, Cao Yin's father, was promoted from the Royal Guard to the second-class bodyguard of the inner court. The "inner court" was the place where the emperor lived. When Cao Xi was on duty in this place, he would have more opportunities to contact with the Royal people and gain their love and trust. Three years later, Emperor Kangxi was born. According to the system of the Qing Dynasty, after the birth of princes and princesses, they all chose nannies and nannies among the three banners of the house of internal affairs, namely, the yellow, yellow and white banners. Cao Xi's wife, the sun family, was chosen as Kangxi's nanny. Since then, the relationship between the Cao family and the emperor has become closer.

In the second year of Kangxi (1663 A.D.), Cao Xi, who was serving as the Secretary of internal affairs, was appointed as Jiangning Weaver. He was responsible for weaving silk and satin cloth used by the court and officials, as well as the temporary envoys given by the emperor.

Because of Cao Xi's loyalty, diligence and quickness, Kangxi gave him more favor. He also gave him boa robes, a title of Shangshu, and a plaque of "Jingshen" written by himself. In the 23rd year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, Cao Xi died in his post. When Kangxi visited Jiangning (today's Nanjing), he personally went to the weaving department to express his sympathy to Cao Xi's family, and sent the Minister of internal affairs to pay homage to him.

Cao Yin, Cao Xi's son, became Kangxi's bodyguard when he was 17 years old, which was highly appreciated by Kangxi.

In the 29th year of Kangxi's reign, he took the post of Suzhou weaving, and two years later he was transferred to Jiangning weaving. Since then, Cao Yin, his son Cao Shu and his successor Cao Fu have been re elected to Jiangning weaving for nearly 40 years.

Cao Yin has two daughters, which is recorded in the sequel to Yongxian Lu by Xiao Xun: "Yin, Ziqing... Mother is the patron mother of Shengzu. Both of them are princesses. " In the 45th year of Kangxi (A.D. 1706), the eldest daughter married nalsu, the king of Pingjun, as a concubine; in the 48th year of Kangxi (A.D. 1709), the second daughter married a Mongolian prince as a concubine.

Career experience

As a young man, Cao Yin was well versed in both literature and martial arts, erudite, versatile and elegant. When he was in his twenties, he was promoted to be the second-class bodyguard of the imperial court and the assistant leader of the white flag and drum. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Imperial Guard and assistant leader were very glorious positions. The three banners of yellow, yellow and white were the army of the Emperor himself. Cao yinneng was the result of Kangxi's special attention to this versatile literary and military talent.

In June of the 23rd year of Kangxi (1684), Cao Xi, Cao Yin's father and then Jiangning weaving, died of illness. "In the winter of this year, the emperor came to Jiangning to pay a special tribute, and he was ordered to assist Jiangning weaving affairs with his eldest son Yin.". In April of the 29th year of Kangxi (1690), Cao Yin was promoted to Suzhou weaving by Kangxi; in November of the 31st year of Renshen (1692), Cao Yin was transferred to Jiangning weaving. His brother-in-law Li Xu (then the general manager of changchunyuan) took over the job.

Cao Yin held two terms of office in his life. During his term of office, he held five successive South tour reception ceremonies of Kangxi (four in Nanjing and one in Yangzhou). His actual work scope far exceeded his duty requirements, and he was trusted and valued more than the local governor.

Selling copper

In the Qing Dynasty, it was common for the internal affairs government to do business. They were all high-ranking officials of the internal court. Since they were the ministers of the emperor, they had the responsibility of earning money for the emperor. Cao Yin presided over the affairs of Jiangning weaving department for a long time as a member of Guangchu department. Only officials above grade four in Qing Dynasty were qualified to present memorials directly to the emperor. However, when he lived in grade five, he presented more memorials than those of grade two and grade three. Kangxi also encouraged him to do more good.

Around the 40th year of Kangxi, Cao Yin noticed that selling copper was a good business, so he drew up a memorial, saying that he also wanted to participate in this trip and could earn income for the house of internal affairs, but selling copper needed a lot of money, so he wanted to borrow 100000 liang of silver from the house of internal affairs. Kangxi saw this fold and immediately played it. Later, several aristocratic families of the house of internal affairs also smelled the smell of meat, and they all came to eat and compete with each other. Cao Yin gradually lost money when he sold copper. He tried to write a memorial and found an excuse that he didn't want to do it. Kangxi still played it right away and didn't even pursue the loss.

Huang shang

In the case of Cao Yin, he borrowed money from the emperor, which is a key indicator to measure the official and commercial class of the internal affairs government. It means that he has won the trust of the royal family whether he can lend money to the emperor or to invest in Shanxi. The more money he can lend, the closer he is to the royal family. After all, the latter thinks that the former has the ability to make money, so they will invest heavily. Even if the former has no money, they can lend him money. Only when the bureaucrats and businessmen were able to do business with the emperor's money did they dare to say that they really became "emperor merchants".

Cultural Activity

Cao Yin likes literature and art, but also likes collecting books. He is proficient in poetry, opera and calligraphy, and his representative works are "Ci Chao of neem Pavilion" and "Ci Chao of neem Pavilion". Cao Yin's profound cultural education and extensive cultural activities create the cultural and artistic atmosphere of the Cao family. At this time, the Cao family showed unprecedented prosperity.

In May of the 44th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Cao Yin was instructed by the prime minister Yangzhou book company to be in charge of the school magazine "the whole Tang poetry". In September of the next year, it was published for trial printing and "submitted to the imperial library". Emperor Kangxi personally wrote a preface in April of 1956, which was officially published in March of 1950. In March of 1951, Cao Yin published Pei Wen Yun Fu and went to Tianning Temple in Yangzhou.

Zhu Danwen pointed out in his works that all kinds of historical documents have proved that Cao Yin's poetry and drinking with the adherents of the Ming Dynasty and the upper intellectuals in the south of the Yangtze River can not only be regarded as literati's accumulated habits, but also can't be covered by Cao Yin's personal courtesy. This was Emperor Kangxi's political decision to win over the southern scholars and wipe out his anti Qing consciousness, while Cao Yin and others were the officials who implemented it. In the first month of the 17th year of Kangxi, Emperor Shengzu issued an edict to hold the examination of erudition and Confucianism in the next spring. Cao Yin was 23 years old at that time. He worked as a Wei Zhiyi official in LuanYi in Beijing. He had participated in the reception of examinations. He had established deep feelings and friendship with famous scholars in various provinces, such as Fu Shan, Gu Jingxing, Shao changjuan, Li Yindu, Wang Wan, Chen Weisong, Shi Runzhang, Yan ruoxian, you dong, Zhu YIZUN, Jiang Chenying, Mao Qiling, Mao Jike, and so on. Most of them still worked with Cao Yin after he was weaving Keep in close touch. In May of the 23rd year of Kangxi, Cao Xi died. Cao Yin went south to mourn and stayed in Jiangning for a year. He had close contacts with some adherents. Because of his elegant demeanor, brilliant literary talent and nephew of Gu Jingxing, Cao Yin was highly respected in both the north and the south, and soon recognized by the adherents and the upper intellectuals of the Han nationality. After Cao Yin became a weaver, he made more extensive friends with Jiangnan people. According to statistics, there were about 200 people with whom Cao Yin had poetry and prose contacts, including influential celebrities at that time. Because Cao Yin had been in Jiangnan for more than 20 years and conscientiously carried out the established policies of Emperor Kangxi, Cao Yin became an elegant and popular figure in charge of the southeast, enjoying a high reputation in Jiangnan.

Died in Yangzhou

In the 51st year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Cao Yin went to Beijing to report on his work in February, and returned to the South with his eldest son. In June, at the order of Kangxi, he went to Yangzhou from Jiangning to host the carving of Peiwen Yunfu. In July, he suffered from cold and then turned to malaria. Li Xu told Kangxi about Cao Yin's illness. Kangxi attached great importance to Cao Yin ' Next, Kangxi also wrote Manchu, which is Jinji Nashuang's Manchu translation, and explained it very carefully: "it is specially used to treat malaria, with two money and wine. If you take it lightly, you must stay. After living or a money or eight, even eat two clothes, can root. If it's not malaria, this medicine should not be used. But Cao Yin had bad luck. Before the medicine was delivered, he died in Yangzhou.

Li Xu's memorial said: at the end of his life, it was estimated that Cao Yin had a deficit of 230000 taels of bank, and he had no assets to make up for it.

After Cao Yin's death, Kangxi appointed Cao Gu, Cao Yin's son, to succeed Jiangning weaving company in order to protect Cao's Jiangnan family property from the damage of relocation. Two years later, Cao Gu died of illness and died of illness

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