Zhang Jianfeng

Zhang Jianfeng

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Zhang Jianfeng (735-800, June 8) was born. Dengzhou Nanyang County (now Nanyang, Henan) people, living in Yanzhou (now Yanzhou, Shandong). In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, he was a famous official and poet, ranking 13 in his family.

Since his youth, Zhang Jianfeng has been generous in martial arts, and he often boasts of his martial arts. During the reign of emperor Dezong of the Tang Dynasty, he was once appointed as the Minister of the government, but his official career was bumpy. After emperor Dezong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, he was released as the governor of Yuezhou by the Second Minister Lu Qi. After Li xilie, the rebel vassal of Huaixi, set up his army, Zhang Jianfeng was ordered to leave Shouzhou in the face of danger. He and Li Gao, the governor of Jiangnan West Road, were in close contact with each other to resist the attack of Huaixi rebels and preserve the two Huaihe rivers. In the first year of Xingyuan (784), he was promoted to haoshoulu observation envoy. In the fourth year of Zhenyuan (788), Dezong ascended to haoshoulu and observed it as xusi Haojie Du. Zhang Jianfeng was appointed as the first xusi Jiedu envoy. Later, he was favored by Dezong, and was appointed to the right servant of the school inspector. In the 16th year of Zhenyuan (800), Zhang Jianfeng died at the age of 66. The book was given to situ, with the posthumous title of "Xiang".

During the ten years of Zhang Jianfeng's garrison in Pengcheng, he managed the army well and respected the literati, which made Xuzhou a powerful town. At that time, he was well-known as Qin, Yu Liangshi and Han Yu. He was also aware of the disadvantages of the people. He once asked for the abolition of "Gong Shi" when he joined Dezong. In Tang Dynasty, Quan Deyu called it "excellent in singing and poetry, with the temperament of Zhongxuan (Wang can) and Yueshi (Liu Kun). There is a collection of Zhang Jianfeng, which has been lost. His poems are recorded in Quan Tang Shi and Quan Tang Shi waibian.

Life of the characters

Generous next

Zhang Jian Feng's father, Zhang Li, was a chivalrous man. He killed Li Tingwei, a rebel general, to save Lu county (now Yanzhou, Shandong Province). Later, he wandered in the south of the Yangtze River. Zhang Jianfeng was influenced by his father when he was young. He was ambitious, concerned about current affairs, liked reading and could write articles. In May of the second year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (761), Li Guangbi was appointed as the deputy marshal of Henan Province. At that time, "grass thieves" swarmed around Suzhou and Changzhou in the south of the Yangtze River and plundered the prefectures. The new emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty ordered eunuch Ma Rixin and Li Guangbi to join forces to fight against the bandits. After hearing the news, Zhang Jianfeng asked Ma Rixin to send himself to persuade the traitors, and Ma Rixin agreed. Zhang Jianfeng then went deep into tiger cave, steamed Li and other bandit camps, convinced people with their interests, misfortunes and blessings, and successfully persuaded thousands of bandits to surrender to the army and be released to the field, avoiding a large-scale bloodshed. In the early years of Dali (766-779), Pei Qiu, the governor of Daozhou, recommended Zhang Jianfeng to his superior and Wei Zhijin, the observation envoy of Hunan Province. Wei Zhijin recruited Zhang Jianfeng as his staff officer and invited the imperial court to grant him the title of Cao, a Taoist soldier of the Zuoqing Dynasty. Zhang Jianfeng did not like to be an official servant, so he left Hunan. At this time, Linghu Zhang, the Jiedu envoy of Huabo, heard of Zhang Jianfeng's reputation, and asked him to be his staff. However, Zhang Jianfeng, who was interested in the imperial court, disliked Ling Hu Zhang, who had never been to the court, so he turned to Liu Yan, the famous Minister of the transport envoy at that time, and told him his ambition and the reason why he didn't want to be Ling Hu Zhang's aide. After Liu Yan was stabbed, he asked the imperial court to appoint Zhang Jianfeng as the judge of Dali to "engage in military affairs". More than a year later, he was removed and returned home. Zhang Jianfeng has always had the same interests as the famous general Ma Sui. In 775, Ma Sui was appointed as the censor of the three towns in Heyang. He asked Zhang Jianfeng to be his own judge. He also asked the imperial court to grant him a censor and a fish bag. In May of 776, Li lingyao, a general of bianzhou, rebelled against the city and became an official of the Wei Bo Festival. Ma Sui was ordered to fight against Li Zhongchen, the governor of Huaixi, and Zhang Jianfeng went with the army to fight. Ma Sui often consulted him about military affairs. In the 14th year of Dali (779), Ma Sui was promoted to Hedong Jiedushi, and Zhang Jianfeng was invited to be the judge. The imperial court specially worshipped him as the imperial censor. In the early years of Jianzhong (780-783), Ma Sui recommended Zhang Jianfeng to the imperial court, and the Prime Minister Yang Yan prepared to appoint him as the doctor of Duzhi. However, due to the obstruction of Lu Qi, the second minister who had a bad relationship with Yang Yan, Zhang Jianfeng was excluded from the imperial court and was appointed governor of Yuezhou in the south.

In a state of disorder

Li xilie, the governor of Huaixi, was proud of his military exploits and gradually "indulged and domineering" in his plot. Cui Zhao, the governor of Shouzhou, wrote to him several times. Chen Shaoyou, the Huainan Festival envoy, played Cui Zhao's behavior to the imperial court, and Tang Dezong urgently ordered the prime minister to make a candidate for the governor of Shouzhou. Lu Qi Su loathed Zhang Jianfeng, but he was in a hurry that day. In a hurry, he recommended Zhang Jianfeng to Dezong to replace Cui Zhao. In the fourth year of Jianzhong (783), Li xilie led the army to rebel and repeatedly broke through the officers and soldiers of various towns. After the mutiny in Jingyuan, Dezong fled to Fengtian (now Qianxian County in Shaanxi Province) and "the front of thieves became prosperous". Seeing that Li xilie is powerful, Chen Shaoyou contacts with him secretly. After Li xilie claimed to be the emperor of Chu, Yang Feng, who was sent by Li xilie, carried two false imperial edicts and granted them to Chen Shaoyou and Zhang Jianfeng. After arriving in Shouzhou, Yang Feng was imprisoned in the army by Zhang Jianfeng. At the same time, the envoys sent by Dezong and the envoys sent to the south of the Yangtze River and returned to the North all came to Shouzhou. Zhang Jianfeng gathered people to watch, killed Yang Feng in the presence of the envoys, and sent Li xilie's fake imperial edict to Fengtian. People far and near were shocked by Zhang Jianfeng's feat. Chen Shaoyou was worried that his speculation of "holding both ends" would be discovered by the imperial court, and Zhang Jianfeng really presented his "communication with xilie" to Dezong. After Dezong returned to Chang'an, Chen Shaoyou died of fear and indignation. After that, Li xilie sent Du Shaocheng to be Huainan's envoy, planning to attack Shouzhou first and then go straight to Jiangdu. Zhang Jian's commanding department, he lanyuanjun, Shao Yi and others stationed at Huoqiu qiuzha, successfully deterred Du Shaocheng. Du Shaocheng turned to invade Qi, Huang and other states in the south, and was defeated by Li Gao, the governor of Jiangnan West Road. Li xilie's attempt to annex Huaihe and Huaihe was shattered. Soon after, Dezong granted Zhang Jianfeng the title of Zhongcheng and Shouzhou regiment training envoy. In December of the first year of Xingyuan (784), in order to reward Zhang Jianfeng for his loyalty, the imperial court granted him the title of regiment training observation envoy of Haozhou, Shouzhou and Luzhou, as well as the official of Royal censor. Zhang Jianfeng ordered large-scale construction of the city, but also carefully pacify the people, far and near people are convinced. Since then, his prestige has grown. Li xilie sent a fierce general to attack Shouzhou, and had a stalemate with Zhang Jianfeng for a long time. Finally, he got nothing and had to retreat. After Li Xilei's rebellion was put down, the imperial court promoted Zhang Jianfeng to the rank of official and granted him one of his sons as the official. Xuzhou (zhipengcheng, now Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province) is the throat of the Yangtze Huaihe river transportation channel, with an important geographical location. After Li Juzhou, the governor of Xuzhou, broke away from the Pinglu army and returned to the imperial court in 781, Xuzhou was threatened by the Pinglu army because of its weak power. In view of the importance of controlling Xuzhou, the imperial court had planned to send important officials to guard it. In the fourth year of Zhenyuan (788), Dezong merged Xu, Si, and Hao, and established xusihao Jiedu. He ordered Zhang Jianfeng to take over as the governor of Xuzhou, and also as the censor, xusihao Jiedu, zhidu Yingtian observation envoy (xusijiedu envoy). After Zhang Jianfeng took office, he devoted himself to creating the army. He is generous and tolerant of other people's faults. He also insists on dealing with them in accordance with the law. Every time Zhang Jianfeng gave advice, he was loyal and courageous, which not only made people fear his majesty, but also boosted their morale. In the seventh year of Zhenyuan (791), the imperial court granted Zhang Jianfeng the title of minister of rites. In the 10th year of Zhenyuan (794), Zhang Jianfeng was granted the title of founding man of Nanyang County. In the 12th year of Zhenyuan (796), he was appointed an official to inspect the right servant of Shangshu.

Admonishment on entering the throne

In the 13th year of Zhenyuan (797), Zhang Jian was granted a pilgrimage. Dezong specially opened the Yanying hall on two days to summon him to respond. He was also ordered to join the doctor's class when he went to court to show his favor. Later, Dezong gave him famous horses and rare toys. When Zhang Jianfeng was in Chang'an, he was aware of the disadvantages of the "palace market", so he asked to cancel the palace market when he met with Dezong. Although it was not carried out, it was "deeply accepted". On the third day of March in the fourteenth year of Zhenyuan (798), in order to celebrate Shangsi Festival, Dezong held a banquet at Qujiang Pavilion for his ministers and officials, and ordered Zhang Jianfeng to eat with the prime minister. When Zhang Jianfeng was about to return to the vassal Town, Dezong wrote a poem to see him off. Since the first year of Zhenyuan (785), Ma Sui, Hun Li, Liu xuanzuo, Li Baozhen, Qu Huan and other dignitaries have returned to the town, and none of them has been sent off by the emperor's poems. Dezong also ordered the eunuch to give Zhang Jianfeng the horse whip he used, saying: "because Qing is loyal and righteous, like pine and cypress, this horse whip has been used by me for a long time, so it is used to give Qing in recognition of his loyalty." Zhang Jianfeng presented a poem to Dezong to urge and encourage himself.

He died of serious illness

In the 16th year of Zhenyuan (800), Zhang Jianfeng was seriously ill and asked the court to send someone to replace him. However, the new commander of xusi March, Ma Wei Xiaqing, has not yet arrived. Zhang Jianfeng died of illness in Xuzhou on May 13 (June 8) at the age of 66. After his death, he was presented to situ (as Sikong). Dr. Lin Baoyuan proposed his posthumous title as "Zhong", but Dr. Cui Shao suggested that his posthumous title should be changed to "Xiang".

Main impact

Xuzhou is the hub of Jianghuai water transport and an important military area, and its geographical location is extremely important. Zhang Jianfeng has been guarding Xuzhou for more than ten years, with strict discipline and high prestige, which made Xuzhou a famous town at that time. Zhang Jianfeng was a courteous corporal. No matter he was virtuous or not, he would treat each other with courtesy as long as he came to his door. Famous people all over the world yearn for it and come back home as soon as possible. Famous scholars at that time, such as Xu Mengrong and Han Yu, all served as his staff.

Historical evaluation

Li Shi: first of all, a good shepherd should attach great importance to his work. Xuanfeng came from Huaidian, and the Yue was awarded the title of Fan Wei. When you enter the temple, you can show your reverie and think about it. Loyalty in the square inch, thanks for the statement. To serve the country as it stands, to sympathize with others is capital. If you don't have all the banquets, you have to pay them back. The rain will come,

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Jian Feng