Liu Kai

Liu Kai

Liu Kai (1098-1162, Feb. 25) was a letter uncle. Deshun Army (now Jingning County, Gansu Province) people. He was the son of Liu Zhongwu, a famous general in the early Southern Song Dynasty.

Liu Kai had been fighting with his father since he was young, and he was the only one waiting for him in Huizong of Song Dynasty. After the establishment of the Southern Song Dynasty, he was granted the title of the governor of Longyou and won many victories over Xixia. Later, he was promoted by famous minister Zhang Jun and participated in the battle of Fuping. He was also a retinue to Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, and was in charge of the affairs of the guard Ma Junsi. Ten years of Shaoxing (1140), in the battle of Shunchang, Wanyan zongbi broke the gold and sent troops to assist Yue Fei in the northern expedition. The next year, the Jin army was defeated again in the battle of zhegao. After that, he was dismissed from military power and knew about Jingnan mansion. In his later years, he led the army to fight against wanyanliang, the emperor of Jin who invaded the Song Dynasty, but he failed because of his old illness.

In the 32nd year of Shaoxing (1162), Liu Kai died and was given the title of "Wu Mu" (Wu Zhong). When Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty was granted the title of King Wu, he also gave it to the crown prince and the crown prince. He wrote a collection of Qingxi poems, which has been lost. Seven of his poems are recorded in Quan Song Shi.

Liu Kai was forthright, deep and decisive, and had the demeanor of a Confucian general, which played an important role in the establishment and consolidation of the Southern Song Dynasty. In the history of the Song Dynasty, Zhang Jun, Han Shizhong, Liu Kai and Yue Fei were known as famous generals, and they were also known as Zhang, Han, Liu and Yue.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Liu Kai, born as a general, is the son of Liu Zhongwu, the Jiedu envoy of the luzhuan army. He is handsome and good at archery. When he was young, he followed his father Liu Zhongwu on an expedition. Once, the water tank at the gate of the camp was full of water. Liu Kai shot an arrow into the water tank, pulled out the arrow tank, and the water gushed out. Then Liu Kai shot another arrow, just to plug the original arrow hole. People admire his superb shooting skills.

In the reign of Xuanhe (1119-1125) of Huizong of Song Dynasty, the Imperial Court adopted Gao Qiu's recommendation and granted Liu Kai the title of "he men only Hou".

Famous Xixia

In the first year of Jianyan (1127), Zhao Gou (Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty), king of Kang, ascended to the throne of yingtianfu in Nanjing and established the Southern Song Dynasty. After Emperor Gaozong succeeded to the throne, he hired Liu Zhongwu's descendants, so Liu Kai was summoned by Emperor Gaozong. Emperor Gaozong was very surprised at him, so he was granted the title of "he men Xuan Zan she Ren" and sent him to minzhou (now Minxian County in Gansu Province) as the governor of Longyou.

Liu Kai won many battles with Xixia, which was quite feared by the army and the people of Xixia. When Xixia children cry, their mother uses "Liu Duhu (Liu Kai)!" To intimidate. When Zhang Jun, a famous official, visited Shaanxi Province, he was surprised at Liu Kai's talent when he saw him. He was granted the title of Jingyuan road administrator and also knew Weizhou (now Pingliang, Gansu Province).

Fight for Fuping

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< sub > the battle of Fuping

In 1130, Liu Kai led the original army of Jing to take part in the battle of Fuping (now Shaanxi). In the battle of Fuping, wanyanzong took wanyanloushi army as the right wing and wanyanzongbi army as the left wing to attack. The song army met in a hurry and lost the unified command, so the five armies and horses fought separately. Liu Kai first led the song army on Jingyuan road to attack Yan zongbi's left wing army and surrounded it. The elite cavalry led by Jin general Chi Zhanhui fell into the mud and was hard to gallop. He was killed by many people, and the brave general Han Chang was shot by a stream arrow. The two sides fought fiercely for half a day. But because of Huanqing, Zhao zhe abandoned his army and fled first, which led to the defeat of the song army.

After the defeat in the Fuping war, Murong he, a member of Zhao Zhe's Department, rebelled against Qingyang (now Gansu) and attacked Huanzhou (now Huanxian). Zhang Jun ordered Liu Kai to go to the rescue. Liu Kai left the Ministry to guard Weizhou and led his troops to rescue Huanzhou. Soon after, the Jin army attacked Weizhou, and Liu Wei left Li Yanqi to resist Murong he. He personally led the elite troops back to rescue Weizhou, but it was too late. Because of the dilemma, Liu Wei led the army to withdraw to the Deshun army. Li Yanqi fled to Weizhou and surrendered to the state of Jin. As a result, Liu Kai was demoted to know mianzhou (now Mianyang, Sichuan) and concurrently served as a pacifier along the border.

A retinue to Emperor Gaozong

In the third year of Shaoxing (1133), Liu Kai was reinstated and was under the control of Xuanfu. In the winter of the same year, after the Jin army occupied heshangyuan (now southwest of Baoji, Gansu), the song army readjusted its defense. Liu Kai was responsible for the defense of Wenzhou (now Jinwen county), Longzhou (now southwest of Pingwu, Sichuan), Weizhou (now northeast of Lixian County) and Maozhou (now Maoxian county).

In March of 1134, the Xuanfu Department of Sichuan and Shaanxi controlled Wu Li to fight against Jin soldiers in xianrenguan (now the northwest of Lueyang, Shaanxi). Liu Li was ordered to help and joined Wu Li. In August, when Emperor Gaozong learned Liu Kai's achievements, he ordered him to go to Lin'an prefecture (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) for a court meeting. He was ordered to stay at the Sichuan Shaanxi border by the Xuanfu envoy of Sichuan and Shaanxi. In February of the next year, Emperor Gaozong "ordered his troops not to start, but to go there as soon as possible.". In July, after Yue Fei suppressed the Yang Mo uprising, Zhang Jun, who was in Hunan Province, wanted to stop Liu Kai as the governor of Yuezhou (now Yueyang, Hunan Province), and song Gaozong once again "summoned him to travel.". After Liu Kai arrived in Lin'an, he was appointed to the post of Dai Yu's instrument and deputy manager of mabujun on Jiangnan East Road.

In the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136), Gao Zong ordered Liu Kai to temporarily replace Yang Yizhong because of his confidant Yang Yizhong's expedition in February. He also had the right to raise the Suwei Pro army. This shows that Gao Zong had great trust in Liu Kai. In October, the puppet Qi invaded the south, and Gaozong personally fought against it. Liu Kai was appointed Deputy envoy of the coastal system in the west of Zhejiang and the east of Huaihe, in order to strengthen the coastal defense and Jiang defense in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In the first month of the seventh year of Shaoxing (1137), when Gaozong was stationed in Pingjiang, before the camp, the Deputy guards all controlled Wang Yan's headquarters and fought with the subordinates of jieqian, the official affairs department of Ma Junsi, the bodyguard in charge, and jieqian was dismissed. Recommended by Zhang Jun, the imperial court granted Liu Kai the right to be in charge of the affairs of the bodyguard's Pro army Ma Junsi, the palace's Front Department and the bodyguard's Pro army Bu Junsi, and to take charge of the reconstruction of the Sanya army. However, the number of Sanya army was small, just the Gaozong's guard army. In February, Wang Yan took up the right to strike as a local official, so he attached Wang Yan's headquarters to Liu Kai. Liu Kai merged the former vice guard army and the Ma army into the front, rear, left, right, middle army and you Yi army. There were six armies, each with 1000 soldiers and 12 generals. Among them, Wang Yan's eight character army was the former vice guard army. At this point, Liu Kai's troops began to form a separate army. In October, Liu Kai also served as the magistrate of Luzhou, deputy envoy of Huaixi institution, in charge of the affairs of the governor of huaixi'an, and led the Ministry to Luzhou.

In June 1138, Liu Kai moved to Zhenjiang by imperial edict, and soon became the commander of the Privy Council.

In February 1139, Liu Kai was promoted to Guozhou regiment training envoy, commander of Longwei and Shenwei, and was once again in charge of Ma Junsi.

Shunchang great victory

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< sub > battle of Shunchang

In the 10th year of Shaoxing (1140), according to the first Shaoxing peace negotiation between Yan Chang and Qin Hui, the Jin people returned Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo, Henan Prefecture in Xijing and three capitals in Yingtian Prefecture in Nanjing. Liu Kai was appointed as the Deputy garrison in Tokyo, and controlled 37000 soldiers in the eight character army. Three thousand members of the Yidian division, all with their families, were stationed in Kaifeng, Tokyo, while their families stayed in Shunchang (now Fuyang, Anhui). Liu Kai's journey from Lin'an back to the Yangtze River and Huaihe River is 2200 Li. To vortex mouth, just want to sit down to eat, storm pull sit account, Liu Kai said: "this thief omen also, main storm soldiers." That is to say, he ordered us to go in at the same time.

In May, before arriving at Shunchang, three hundred li away from Shunchang, Jin Wushu had already torn up the contract and started a new war, invading the Southern Song Dynasty on a large scale.

Liu Kai and his general Zuo Shezhou went to Shunchang first. In May of the same year, on Geng Yin day (June 3, 1140), spy Jin Wushu had occupied Kaifeng, Tokyo. When the magistrate Chen Gui saw Liu Kai asking about the plan, Liu Kai said: "if there is grain in the city (Shunchang), we can keep it together with you." Chen Gui said: "there are tens of thousands of rice." Liu Kai said, "yes." At this time, the two armies of the eight character army, you Yi and Lao Zhi, were far away from each other. Liu Kai sent his cavalry to meet them. In the middle of the night, he played four drums. By the morning news, Jinqi had arrived in Chenzhou.

He analyzed that Jin Bing's going south must first occupy Tokyo and then attack Shunchang. According to this judgment, Liu Kai led 3000 people to retreat to Shunchang in advance and prepared to defend here to prevent Jin soldiers from continuing to invade the south. In order to strengthen the soldiers' determination to defend the city, he sent people to chisel through all the boats in Yinghe River and other waterways and sink them into the river. He told the officers and soldiers that there was no way out, and only a decisive battle was the only way out. He also placed himself and his family members in the temple, piled firewood around, and sent soldiers to guard. He told the guards that if the city fell, he would set fire to the place where his family lived, so that no family member would fall into the hands of the Jin people. "So the soldiers all worked hard, the men prepared for the war, the women sharpened their swords, and cried out and leaped, saying:" people usually deceive our eight character army, and today we should make contributions to the country's bandits. "

At that time, the garrison had nothing to rely on. Liu Kai personally supervised the city. He took the crazy car made by the puppet Qi and buried it in the city with the wheel shaft. He also removed the windows of the civilian residents and blocked them with objects. There were thousands of houses outside the city, all of which burned down the fortified walls and clear fields. After six days of preparation, it was almost over, and the Jinbing cavalry had already crossed the Yinghe River to the bottom of the city. Liu Kai first set up an ambush under the city, captured a thousand households, ah hei and other two people. After interrogation, he got the news: "General Han's camp is baishahuo, 30 miles away from the city." At night, Liu Kai sent more than a thousand men to attack the troops of Han Chang, the commander of the Han people in the state of Jin. Soon after, the three roads of the kingdom of Jin and King Ge wanyanxiu joined forces with the king of dragon and tiger, Wanyan, with 30000 soldiers. Liu Kai ordered all the gates to be opened, but the Jin people were suspicious and did not dare to go near the city.

When preparing to defend at the beginning, Liu Kai ordered to build a sheep and horse wall on the edge of the city and make a hole on the wall as a gate. At this time, Liu Kai and Xu Qing were hiding behind the sheep and horse wall. The Jin people shot their arrows either from the sheep and horse wall or from the wall. It was useless. Liu Kai, on the other hand, used a smashing bow (mechanical bed crossbow), a magic arm bow and a strong crossbow (human force crossbow) to attack the enemy

Chinese PinYin : Liu Yi