Ma Zhi

Ma Zhi

Mazhi (? ~ 1126), a native of Xuwu County, Beiping county (now Zunhua City, Hebei Province), was named Liangsi. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, he was the Prime Minister of the song and Jin Dynasties.

Personage introduction

Mazhi (? - 1126) was born in Yan (now the northern part of Hebei Province) at the end of Liao Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty. He was a big family of Liao Dynasty and a resident of Yanyun sixteen states of Han nationality. In the first year of Zhenghe (1111) of Huizong of Song Dynasty, when Tong Guan, the Sumi envoy, was sent to Daliao, Ma Zhi offered the strategy of "uniting Jin to destroy Liao", and Tong Guan changed his name to Li Liangsi. After returning to the Song Dynasty, she offered some advice: "Nuzhen hated Liao people for cutting bones. If she moved her envoys to Deng (Penglai County in Shandong Peninsula today) and Lai (Ye County in Shandong Province today), she would get married with Nuzhen, attack Liao with Yue, and prosper the country." Emperor (song Huizong) Jiana, given surname Zhao, as secretary Cheng, Tu Yan discussion since then. He moved to LongTuge, promoted Wanshou temple, and added Youwen hall.

During Xuanhe period, he went to Jin Dynasty seven times and agreed to attack Liao Dynasty with Aguda, adding the official Guanglu. Zhang Jue was dismissed for his opposition to the admission. In the first year of Jingkang (1126), Emperor qinzong (Zhao Huan) was demoted to Chenzhou (now Chenzhou City, Hunan Province) for the invasion of Jin soldiers.

Main experience

In the first year of Zhenghe (1111), Ma Zhi took advantage of the opportunity of Tong Guan, a Song Dynasty envoy, to visit Liao state. He secretly met Tong Guan and proposed a plan to recover the sixteen prefectures of Yanyun, that is, to cultivate Nuzhen tribes who were oppressed by Khitan nobles. The impact of this plan on the political situation of the late Northern Song Dynasty is no less than that of Longzhong Dui under "three points".

In February 1120, Ma Zhi and his subordinates began to visit Nuzhen tribe secretly, trying to stir up the conflict between Nuzhen and Khitan. At last, Wanyan Aguda fought against Liao in the spring of the fourth year of Tianqing (1114), and destroyed Liao in February of the fifth year of Baoda (1125).

Since the imperial court accepted Zhang Jue, Ma Zhi argued: "the new state and the Jin League, so we must lose their joy, later can not regret." The court did not listen. Sit and seize the post, cut five steps.

Character evaluation

Ma Zhi originally wanted to "unite with Jin to destroy Liao" and "recover Yandi", but these long-range and short-range strategies should be backed by powerful forces. He was born and grew up in Yandi, far away from his hometown. He did not expect that the military power of the Northern Song Dynasty was so vulnerable. In the battle of Yanjing, the song army was divided, and the Liao army seized the opportunity to defeat the song army. At this time, Wanyan Aguda, the founder of Nuzhen, died, a new generation of rulers actively expanded to the outside world, and the Northern Song army was vulnerable, which eventually led to the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. Although his "plan" was realized, it was accompanied by the extinction of the Northern Song Dynasty.

As a native of Liao, Mazhi didn't have much patriotic enthusiasm for Liao. Maybe for some unknown reasons, Mazhi took refuge in the Song Dynasty and actively promoted the song and Jin Dynasties to jointly attack Liao. As a "vote certificate", Mazhi accepted it to the Song Dynasty in order to win a fish dragon dance. However, at this time, the world four points. The iron cavalry of Jin Kingdom was extremely fierce. The Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty and Xia Dynasty were in the twilight, and the Jin Kingdom soon perished the Northern Song Dynasty. As the originator of the peace negotiation between Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, Ma Zhi, who returned to the south, was naturally abandoned by the Song Dynasty.

He was born in a big family and was an official in Liao Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, he was granted the surname of Zhao and the Secretary Cheng. He moved to LongTuge to be a bachelor, promoted wanshouguan, and wrote in youwendian. Xuanhe between years, contributed to the union of Jin Liao, granted Guanglu doctor. He opposed the admission of Zhang Jue and was punished for dismissal.

In the first year of Jingkang (1126), when the Jin soldiers invaded the south, they were demoted to Chenzhou and sentenced to death.

Chinese PinYin : Ma Zhi