Liu Ying

Liu Yi

Liu Fan (x ú n) (858-921), whose real name is Liu fan, was born in Anqiu, Mizhou (now Anqiu City, Shandong Province). He was a general of Houliang in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties.

In Zhonghe period of Tang Dynasty, Liu Yi began to follow Qingzhou Jiedu envoy Wang Jingwu. After Wang Jingwu's death, he supported his son Wang Shifu as his successor. Since then, he has successively served as governor of Dengzhou and Zizhou, and commander of marching army. In the first year of Tianfu (901), Yanzhou was captured to resist the attack of Ge Congzhou. In the third year of Tianfu (903), Zhu Quanzhong, king of Liang Dynasty, was transferred to minzhou to stay. Later, Liu Zhijun's rebellion was pacified, Chang'an was recovered, and he was granted the rank of inspector general and commander of Yongping army. In the fourth year of Kaiping (910), Jiafeng was appointed to inspect Taifu and Tongping Zhangshi. At the end of the Later Liang Dynasty, the emperor ascended the throne and conferred Kaifeng Yin and Zhennan army Jiedushi. He united with Yang Shihou to fight back the Jin army, put down the rebellion of Jiang Yin in Xuzhou, and beat back the attack of Wu army. In the sixth year of Zhenming (920), Zhu Youqian, a Jiedu envoy in the middle of the river, was defeated and retreated to Luoyang.

In May of the first year of Longde (921), Liu Fan was forced to drink poison by the imperial court and died. He was 64 years old at that time. The imperial edict was issued to pursue the gift as Zhongshu order.

Life of the characters

The beginning of glory

When he was young, Liu was ambitious and liked to study military strategies and Historical Biographies. In Zhonghe period of Tang Dynasty, Wang Jingwu, the governor of Qingzhou, was appointed as a primary school. After Wang Jingwu died, the three armed forces of Qingzhou elected his son Wang Shifu to stay in Qingzhou. The imperial court ordered Cui Anqian to guard Qingzhou. The three armed forces of Qingzhou resisted the appointment of the imperial court. Zhang Chan, the governor of Dizhou, is going to attack Wang normal school. All of Wang normal school's commanders make LU Hong attack Dizhou first. Instead, LU Hong colludes with Zhang Chan and pretends to return triumphantly to attack Wang normal school. When Wang Xueshi got the news, he set up an ambush to greet LU Hong, and then hosted a banquet for him. He warned Liu he would kill LU Hong as soon as he came Liu Yi killed LU Hong at the banquet as agreed, and then killed all his accomplices. Wang Xueshi appointed Liu Wei as the deputy commander of Mabu army. He captured Dizhou and killed Zhang Chan. The imperial court had to appoint Wang Xueshi as the governor of Pinglu army.

In the early years of Guanghua (898), Wang Shifu recommended Liu Wei to be the governor of Dengzhou. More than a year later, he was changed to be the governor of Zizhou and temporarily served as the commander of the marching army.

Capture Yanzhou

In the first year of Tianfu (901), Tang Zhaozong was forced to move to Fengxiang by Li Maozhen and other warlords. Xuanwu Jiedu envoy Zhu Quanzhong led the army of four towns to fight for Tang Zhaozong in Qixia. Under the pretext of Tang Zhaozong's edict, Li Maozhen and eunuch Han Quanxu gathered troops from all over the world to attack Zhu Quanzhong and rescue Tang Zhaozong in Fengxiang. Wang Shixue saw the Edict and burst into tears, sending his subordinates to attack the counties under Zhu Quanzhong's jurisdiction. On the same day, the place where he was supposed to be sent troops secretly, but most of the things leaked out. Only Liu Wei led a partial division to capture Yanzhou City.

Zhu Quanzhong ordered general Ge Congzhou to attack Liu Yi. At that time, GE Congzhou was appointed as the governor of Yanzhou and led the troops outside. The city of Yanzhou was occupied by Liu, and all the family members were in the city. Liu Hao comforted his family and moved to the outside house to provide food and clothing. He was respectful and courteous. He went to the hall to see Ge Congzhou's mother. When GE Congzhou attacked the city, Liu Yi carried Ge Congzhou's mother up the city wall in a sedan chair. GE's mother told his son Ge Congzhou, "General Liu is very considerate to me. He is no different from his son. He has the same status as his daughter-in-law. General Liu and you work for your master. You should be considerate of him. " Ge Congzhou sighed and sobbed. Liu Fan singled out the old, the weak, the sick, the disabled, the women and other people who consumed food and could not keep the city. He sent them all out of the city. He shared the joys and sorrows with the soldiers and pushed food and clothing separately to resist the army outside the city, restrain the subordinates, forbid violence, and make the residents calm and safe.

Ge from the surrounding city for a long time, Liu did not have foreign aid, the morale of the army gradually loosened, some people have the idea of betraying him and surrender. One day, the deputy governor Wang Yanwen fled over the city wall, and the city guards also fled with him. Liu's garrison could not stop him, so Liu sent someone to calmly tell Wang Yanwen, "please don't take the deputy governor out of the city. They are not under the normal jurisdiction. Please don't take them away." He also threatened to all the members of the Ministry: "those who usually follow the deputy governor will not be forbidden to leave. Others who run away without permission will kill his family." The residents of the garrison were puzzled when they heard this, and those who wanted to escape stopped. When the army outside the city heard this, they doubted that Wang Yanwen was cheating, so they killed him under the city. From then on, the army and the city became more stable. When Wang normal's troops were gradually exhausted, GE Congzhou told Liu Yao with the principle of misfortune and fortune, and urged him to surrender

Surrender to the king of Liang

In November of the third year of Tianfu (903), Wang normal school was defeated by Zhu Quanzhong and surrendered. He said that he had previously sent Liu Qi, the marching commander, to take charge of Yanzhou. He asked Zhu Quanzhong to forgive him for his sins and told Liu Qi about the situation before Liu Qi left the city. Zhu Quanzhong praised Liu's moral integrity and thought that he had the moral integrity of Tang Dynasty British Gong Li.

After Liu's surrender, Ge from Zhou to do luggage, clothes, chariots, please Liu to Daliang. "I haven't heard the king of Liang absolve me yet," Liu said. "Now I'm riding on a fat horse and wearing leather clothes. I dare not obey such orders." So he dressed in his usual clothes and set out on a donkey. When he was about to meet Zhu Quanzhong, Zhu Quanzhong ordered him to wear a crown and a belt. Liu said, "I'm a prisoner in custody. If I have committed a crime, please tie me up for the meeting." Zhu Quanzhong refused. When they met, Zhu Quanzhong comforted Liu for a long time and gave him a drink. Liu told Zhu that he had a small amount of alcohol. Zhu Quanzhong said, "when you took Yanzhou, how generous you were!" He was immediately given the official post of Yaya, the capital of Yuan Dynasty. All the generals under Zhu Quanzhong's command are old people of the four towns. Liu Yi, as a demoted general, suddenly ranks above the others. When he meets with the generals, Liu Yi bows to them. Zhu Quanzhong is surprised and thinks highly of him. Before long, the above table recommended Liu to stay in minzhou. At this time, the enemies of Jiazhou and Qizhou invaded the border of Bingzhou many times, and Liu was very well prepared. However, because of the remoteness of Liu's jurisdiction, Zhu Quanzhong worried about losing Liu, so he ordered Liu to give up and lead the army to settle in Tongzhou.

Repeatedly building military achievements

In February of the second year of Tianyou's reign (905), Liu was awarded the right Jin Wuwei general and Chong Jie envoy.

In the first month of the third year of Tianyou (907), Zhu Quanzhong was appointed as marshal. Liu Wei was appointed as marshal, and he still served as the general of Youjin Wuwei.

In the first year of Kaiping in the Later Liang Dynasty (907), Liu was awarded the title of youjinwushang general and concurrently served as the commander of mabudu. In the autumn of the same year, he conquered Luzhou with other generals and was promoted to the rank of school inspector.

In February of the third year of Kaiping (909), Liu Zhen was transferred to the post of general of youweiwei and still served as commander of mabudu. In May, he was appointed commander of zuolongwu's army and bodyguard, and commander of Mabu's army. In the summer of the same year, Liu Zhijun, the governor of Tongzhou, defected, attracted Li Maozhen's army to attack and occupy Chang'an, and divided forces to guard the Yellow River and Tongguan. Zhu Quanzhong, Liang Taizu, arrived in Shaanxi and ordered Liu to lead his army to the West. Liu then bravely captured Tongguan, Liu Zhijun's younger brother Liu Zhihuan, and led the army to recover Chang'an. Liu Zhijun gave up Tongzhou and fled to Fengxiang. After Liang Taizu appointed Liu Wei as two envoys of Youguo army and TongZhou army, he immediately changed Youguo army into Yongping army, appointed Liu Wei as Jiedu envoy and Jianxiao situ, acting as Da'an Yin and Jinzhou Internal observation envoys. At this time, the western border of Liang state was not peaceful, close to the enemy's border, Liu Zhen trained soldiers to comfort the people, and was on his own.

In the fourth year of Kaiping (910), Liu Jian was granted the title of Taibao and Zhangshi of Tongping.

In the second year of Qianhua (912), Zhu Youli, the second son of Liang Taizu, killed Liang Taizu and usurped the throne.

In the first month of the third year of Qianhua (913), Liu Wei mourned for his mother's death, and Zhu ordered him to resume his post. In February, Zhu Youzhen, his brother-in-law, launched a mutiny to kill Zhu Youzhen and ascend to the throne, that is, the late Liang emperor.

In the summer of the fourth year of Qianhua (914), the late Liang emperor ordered Liu Wei to return to the capital and granted him the title of Kaifeng Yin, who was the commander of Zhennan army. When Jin people invaded Heshuo, Liu Fan and Yang Shihou beat them back. In September, Jiang Yin, the governor of Xuzhou, rebelled against Xuzhou. At that time, the imperial court appointed King Fu Zhu Youzhang to guard Xuzhou, but Jiang Yin did not accept it. At the end of the Liang Dynasty, the emperor sent Liu Dan and Niu cunjie, the commander of Yunzhou, to attack him. Jiang Yin asked for help from the state of Wu in Huainan. The monarch of Wu Yang Pu sent General Zhu Jin to lead his troops to support him. Liu Yi defeated him.

In the spring of the first year of Zhenming (915), Xuzhou City was captured by Liu Wei. Jiang Yin's family set themselves on fire. Liu Wei found his body in the fire and cut off his head to present it to the imperial court. The imperial court ordered Liu Wei to be appointed as the chief inspector. In March, Yang Shihou, the governor of Wei Bo, passed away. The imperial court divided the area under its jurisdiction into two towns, Xiang and Wei. Soon after, Wei Bo army rebelled and imprisoned the governor he Delun to make friends with the Jin people in Taiyuan. In June, Li Cunxu, king of the Jin Dynasty, entered Weizhou, where he led 10000 elite soldiers to move from huanshui to Weixian county. The king of the Jin Dynasty came to scout. As soon as the king of the Jin arrived, he ambushed soldiers in the jungle around the bend of the river. He surrounded several layers and killed and captured many people. The king of the Jin Dynasty escaped alone. In the same month, Liu Wei secretly led his troops to attack Taiyuan from huangze to the West. When he was about to leave, he was afraid that he would be pursued by the Jin army. So he tied the banner to the man, carried the man with a donkey, and walked along the low city wall. Only a few days later did Jin find out. When Liu's troops arrived in Leping, they were unable to move forward because of the heavy rain for decades. Liu had to reorganize his troops and return. Linqing in Weizhou is a place where grain is stored. Liu Yi led the army to attack it. When Zhou Yangwu, the general of Jin army, came to take charge of it from Youzhou, Liu Yi was very happy

Chinese PinYin : Liu Yan