Liu Jun

Liu Jun

Liu Jun (430-464) was born in suiyuli (now Tongshan District, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). The fifth emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty (453-464), the third son of Liu Yilong, Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty, and Liu Jianyi, Emperor Ming of the Song Dynasty, whose mother is Lu Shuyuan.

Wit and intelligence, both civil and military. At the beginning, he was granted the title of Wuling king, so he was not allowed to be spoiled, and he was often in other prefectures. He successively unified the army to pacify the rebellion of the barbarians in Yongzhou, took part in the northern expedition of Yuanjia, and attacked the barbarians along the Yangtze River. He made many meritorious contributions and won the respect of the people and the generals. In 453, after Liu Shao, the crown prince, killed his father and ascended the throne, Liu Jun led the army to fight against him and soon defeated him and won the throne. During his reign, he carried out a series of reform measures to weaken the power of the gentry, vigorously promote the forces of the poor, rectify the criminal law, set up prefectures and towns, set up Dianqian, and strengthen the centralization of power; economically, he continued to carry out "tuduan", pardoned slaves and military households, restrained the merging of land, restricted the gentry from closing mountains and occupying water, and began to carry out "Naturalization inspection", set up Taiwan envoys, reformed the tax system, and reformed the system In military, Yan Shibo was appointed as the governor of Qingzhou, and Yin Xiaozu, bu Tiansheng and other generals were used to defeat the army of the Northern Wei Dynasty, winning the first battle of Qingzhou in the song and Wei dynasties, recovering the lost land to the north of Jishui, and carrying out the military system reform; in culture, respecting Confucius and Buddhism, and restoring rites and music. But at the end of his reign, he built a lot of buildings, killed innocent people indiscriminately, extravagantly and indulged in pleasure. In order to consolidate the emperor's position, the imperial power was weakened excessively, which led to the internal fighting among the imperial families and shaken the ruling foundation of Liu and Song dynasties. In May 464 of the eighth year of the Ming Dynasty, he died of illness. He was only 35 years old. His temple title was Shizu and his posthumous title was Emperor Xiaowu. He was buried in Jingning mausoleum.

Liu Jun, writing Hua Min, organized the "literary and poetic world of Ming Dynasty", broke the boundary mark of scholars and common people, and occupied an important historical position in the literary history of Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties. Cai Zao is very beautiful. His poems are brilliant and his works are 35 volumes.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Liu Jun, the third son of Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty, is a Taoist with the character xiulong. Yuanjia seven years (430 years), born on August 16. When he was 15 years old, he was the king of Wuling, eating 2000 households in the city. "Southern history" records Liu Jun: "little Ji Ying, God cool hair, reading seven lines, only algae is very beautiful, male love martial arts, good at riding and shooting."

In the 16th year of Yuanjia (439), he served as the general of Zhenglu, the governor of Xiangzhou military, the governor of Xiangzhou, and also in charge of shitoushu affairs.

In the 17th year of Yuanjia (440), he was promoted to envoy Chijie, governor of nanyuesi Yonghe, military officer of Wuzhou, and governor of nanyuezhou. As usual, he was in charge of stone defense.

Yuanjia 21 years (444 years), moved to Qinzhou governor, promoted to Fujun general.

In 445, Yongzhou Governor Liu daochan died, and the barbarians in Yongzhou rebelled one after another. In order to quell the rebellion of Yongzhou, Emperor Wen of Song Dynasty transferred Liu Jun to Yongzhou governor and served as commander in chief of the barbarian expedition. The governor was Xiangyang, jingling, Nanyang, Shunyang and Xinye military officers and ningman captains in Jingzhou, the four states of Yongliang and the north and south of Qin Dynasty. As a result, Liu Jun became the first member of the royal family to leave Xiangyang in a hundred years since the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

After Liu Jun arrived in Yongzhou, with the assistance of Shen Qingzhi, Zhu Xiuzhi, Liu Yuanjing, Zong QUH and other generals, he vigorously recruited the northern refugees in Yongzhou to form a barbarian army. Later, he accepted Xue Andu, who led the northern righteous soldiers back to Liu Song, and formed a powerful Jingyong Army.

During his three years as Yongzhou governor, Liu Jun led the generals such as Shen Qingzhi, Liu Yuanjing, Wang xuanmo, Zhu Xiuzhi and Zong Ke to pacify the riots of yidaoman, zhushanman, yunshanman and other barbarians in Yongzhou, captured nearly 100000 barbarians and included them in the national household register.

Liu Jun also built water conservancy projects in Yongzhou to rest with the people, and appointed Liu Xiuzhi to repair liumen weir, which solved the long-term problem of "the weir is broken for a long time, and the public and private industries are abandoned". Yongzhou has achieved great harvests year after year, and established a reputation in Yongzhou.

In the 25th year of Yuanjia (448), he was transferred to the military of Liangjun county and the governor of Nanyan, Xuqing, Jiyou, six prefectures of Yuzhou, and served as the governor of Pengcheng. Soon, he also served as governor of Yanzhou.

It was based on the Northern Wei Dynasty

In February of the 27th year of Yuanjia (450), tuobatao, the Taiwu emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, led his army to invade Liusong, capture Ruyang and go straight to xuanhu. Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty ordered Liu Jun to attack the Wei army stationed in Ruyang. After receiving the imperial edict, Liu Jun led 1500 troops to attack Ruyang, and the Wei army was defeated for lack of defense. The song army killed more than 3000 people of the Northern Wei army, burned their supplies, and rescued a large number of Song people who were captured by the Wei army. But a few days later, the Wei army found out that there were no reinforcements behind the song army, so they led rescuers from Hulao to fight back. The song army was not strong enough and was defeated. Only 900 people survived, and only more than 400 horses were left. Liu Jun was demoted to the rank of general of Zhenjun. Soon after, the Wei army was defeated in the battle of xuanhu and their food and grass were cut off. In April of that year, they withdrew and returned to the north.

After the withdrawal of the Northern Wei army, Emperor song Wendi immediately launched the second northern expedition. In July, Liu songbing divided into three groups and attacked Wei on a large scale. Later, the Wei army went south to counterattack, and the soldiers divided into four routes to drive into the territory of Liu and Song dynasties. At that time, the generals of Liu Song army "ran back", hundreds of battalions and thousands of towns fled in fear of Wei army. Only Liu Jun, the governor of Xuzhou and Yanzhou, who guarded Pengcheng, was determined to stick to Pengcheng. However, Liu Yigong, the commander of Liu Song's Third Army, who was also stationed in Pengcheng, was ready to flee to the south of the city. Liu Jun and his subordinate Zhang Changli admonished and dissuaded him. Liu Jun said to Liu Yigong, "Uncle Huang, since you are the commander in chief, I can't intervene if you want to leave or stay. But as the head of a city, if I give up the city and run for life, I really have no face to serve in the imperial court any more. I must live and die with Pengcheng. " After hearing this, Liu Yigong decided to stick to Pengcheng. Tuobatao led a large army to besiege Pengcheng. The song army held fast to the city, but the Wei army could not conquer it. So they bypassed Pengcheng and rushed to Liucheng. Liu Jun sent Ji xuanjing to Liucheng to observe the movement of Wei army. The Wei army attacked and stayed in the city. With the help of the local people, the garrison in the city won. The Wei army was defeated, so it bypassed the city and led the army to the south. After "drinking the Yangtze River", the later Wei army led the army back to the north. When passing by anwangpi, which is dozens of miles away from Pengcheng, Liu Jun and other song generals in Pengcheng asked Liu Yigong to attack the Wei army while the Wei army was tired. However, Liu Yigong was afraid of intercepting, and prohibited the generals to attack without permission. The next day, Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty ordered Liu Yigong to pursue the Wei army, and Liu Yigong sent Tan Hezhi to lead the pursuit. At that time, the rear of the Wei army in charge of the rear of the hall was the headquarters of Tuoba Na. When Tuoba Na's troops learned the news of the song army's pursuit, they killed the Guangling people he had captured and quickly withdrew to Wei territory. Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty was very angry when he heard that the Wei army had returned safely. He scolded Liu Song Shoujun of the six states in Jiangbei. Among them, the imperial edict reproached the song army of Pengcheng for failing to intercept the Wei army on the way back to the north in time, and demoted Liu Jun as general of beizhonglang.

Unite the army to fight against barbarism

In the 28th year of Yuanjia (451), Liu Jun was promoted to the governor of nanyanzhou and the governor of nanyanzhou, guarding Shanyang. Soon after, he was promoted to be governor of Jiangzhou, Jiangxia of Jingzhou, Xiyang of Yuzhou, Jinxi, Xincai, general of nanzhonglang, and governor of Jiangzhou. At that time, when the northern expedition of Liu Song Dynasty failed and the imperial treasury was empty, the people along the Yangtze River rebelled one after another. They suffered a lot from Huai River, Ru River, Yangtze River and Mian river.

In the 29th year of Yuanjia (452), Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty sent Prince Shen Qingzhi, an infantry captain, to take part in the campaign. Jiangzhou, Yongzhou, Yuzhou and Jingzhou all sent troops to fight. Under the governor of nanzhonglang house of Liu Jun, all the troops formed a coalition to fight against the barbarians, and Liu Jun led all the troops to fight against the barbarians along the river.

On the fourth day of the first month of the 30th year of Yuanjia (453), Liu Jun took the lead in fighting against the five barbarians in Xiyang, who led the rebellion in Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province) and arrived at Wuzhou (now southwest of Xishui, Hubei Province). Shen Qingzhi and others also arrived at Wuzhou from bashui to meet with Liu Jun to discuss military intelligence strategy.

Take up the position

On February 21, the 30th year of Yuanjia (453), the crown prince Liu Shao launched a rebellion and killed Emperor Wen of Song Dynasty. At this time, Liu Junzheng led the army in bakou (now the place where Dongba water enters the river in Huangzhou City of Hubei Province) to attack the rebellious barbarians in the territory. Liu Jun's subordinate Dong Yuansi returns from Jiankang and informs Liu Jun of the news that Prince Liu Shao killed Emperor Wen. Liu Jun cries. Liu Jun immediately recalled all the troops who were fighting against the barbarians in the front line and prepared to attack Liu Shao. At this time, Liu Shao wrote a secret letter to Shen Qingzhi, ordering him to kill Liu Jun. Shen Qingzhi took Liu Shao's letter and went to see Liu Jun, presenting the letter Liu Shao wrote to him. Liu Jun asked to say goodbye to his mother after reading the book. Shen Qingzhi said in a hurry: "I often want to repay you for your kindness. How can I do something sorry for your highness? Today's affairs only depend on the strength, your highness. Don't worry about it. " Then Liu Jun and Shen Qingzhi discussed the matter of starting an army to fight against the enemy. After the discussion, Liu Jun solemnly said: "the safety of our country, please the general." So Shen Qingzhi was appointed as the general of Zhenglu, the internal history of Wuchang, the commander of the government and the commander of the army.

Soon after, Liu Jun set up troops from Jiangzhou, led his troops to attack Liu Shao, successively conquered Nanzhou, Lizhou and other places, and went east along the river to the capital Jiankang. Liu Jun also issued a protest to the world, denouncing Liu Shao's crime of Patricide and usurpation of the throne in the name of "the great rebellion never seen in history", so all the armies and towns responded one after another. In April, Liu Jun's army attacked Xinting in the south of Jiankang city and built a barracks to defeat Liu Shaojun. Liu Jun was persuaded by Shen Qingzhi, Liu Yuanjing, zonghu, Liu Xiuzhi and Zhu Xiuzhi to become emperor in Xinting. On May 4, Liu Jun conquered Jiankang, captured and killed Liu Shao and his second brother Liu Jun, and granted amnesty to the whole world. To civil and military officials and soldiers are given nobility; to the elderly, widowers, widows, orphans, sick and disabled

Chinese PinYin : Liu Jun4