Ye Shi

Ye Shi

Ye Shi (May 26, 1150 - February 21, 1223), a regular character, was named Shuixin Jushi. Wenzhou Yongjia (now Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province) is a thinker, writer, political commentator and official of the Southern Song Dynasty. He was born in Ruian and later lived in Shuixin village of Yongjia, known as Mr. Shuixin.

In the fifth year of Chunxi reign (1178), ye Zhongzhong was the first. During the three dynasties of emperor Xiaozong, Emperor Guangzong and Emperor ningzong, Li Guan Pingjiang Prefecture observed tuiguan, doctor Taixue, Zuo xuanlang, guozisiye, zhiquanzhou and Minister of the Ministry of war, and participated in the planning of "Shaoxi neichan".

Ye Shi resisted the foreign power and opposed the peace negotiation. However, Han kuozhou, the Prime Minister of power, raised an objection when he planned the northern expedition, and was authorized to serve as the Minister of the Ministry of officials and also to direct the Academy of bachelor's degree. Ye Shi refused to be the imperial edict for the northern expedition. Later, he suggested to prevent the river, but Han didn't take it. After the failure of Kaixi's Northern Expedition, Ye Shi took up the post of system envoy along the Yangtze River to control the northern states. Due to the proper handling of military and political affairs, he has repeatedly defeated the enemy. It is beneficial to consolidate the border defense that Lei moved to Jianghuai to set up envoys, once proposed to go to Fort and dock, and carried out garrison. After Han Yuzhou was killed, Ye Shi was impeached on the charge of "attaching Han Yuzhou to use military force", and he was deprived of his position and worshipped for 13 years.

In the 16th year of Jiading (1223), Ye Shi died at the age of 74. He was given the title of "wending" (yizuo Zhongding) to doctor Guanglu, so he was also called "Ye wending" and "Ye Zhongding".

Ye Shi advocated utilitarianism, opposed empty talk about life, criticized Zhu Xi's theory, and was the epitome of Yongjia school. Yongjia Shigong school represented by him, together with Zhu Xi's Neo Confucianism and Lu Jiuyuan's philosophy of mind at that time, was the "three schools of higher learning in the Southern Song Dynasty", which had a far-reaching influence on later generations and was the ideological origin of Wenzhou's entrepreneurial spirit. His works include Mr. Shuixin's anthology, Shuixin's other anthology, Xixue Jiyan, etc.

Life of the characters

have a poor family circumstances

Ye Shi was born on May 26th, the 20th year of Shaoxing (1150) of Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty. He was born in Wangjiang bridge, South Gate of Ruian County, Wenzhou. His ancestral home was in Longquan County, Chuzhou (now Lishui, Zhejiang). He moved to Ruian when his great grandfather Ye Gongji.

Ye Shi's family was poor in his youth. "Since Chuzhou Longquan moved to Ruian, he has been poor for three generations.". His father, ye Guangzu, was an open-minded man who had great ambition but did not enter the official career. The year when his mother, Du, married the Ye family, was hit by the flood, and the utensils in his family were washed away by the flood. Since then, it has been more difficult for him to live without fixed address. He has moved to 21 places successively and lived in poverty for more than 20 years. Born in Ruian, Du is hardworking, virtuous and good at teaching children. She has a great influence on Ye Shi in her childhood.

Youth Study

In the thirtieth year of Shaoxing (1160), 11-year-old Ye Shi studied under the famous Confucian Chen Fuliang. According to his own recollection, Ye Shi was taught by Chen Fuliang for 40 years. Later, he learned from Liu Yu in Nanxi, Yongjia, and made friends with Dai Xi, Wang Nan, Chen Wu, Liu Feng, Liu Shuo, etc.

In the 32nd year of Shaoxing (1162), Ye Shi moved with his father from Rui'an to Yongjia (now Wenzhou, Zhejiang). At that time, floods occurred frequently in southern Zhejiang, and the Ye family suffered. Young Ye Shi did not settle down and wandered in Ruian.

In the second year of Longxing (1164), ye studied poetry and contemporary prose, which had a profound impact on his academic life.

In the first year of Qiandao (1165), Ye Shi taught at the lecture hall of Baishi Beishan primary school in Yueqing, Wenzhou, and worked for Daoliang. This kind of life lasted until the third year of Qiandao (1167). In addition to Chen Fuliang, ye shining, Lin Nai and Lin Yu, Wang Shipeng's disciples, were also teachers and friends. In 1169, Ye Shi visited Xue Jixuan in Jinhua and asked him about his studies.

During the ten years from the age of 19 to 28, Ye Shi's main activity was to study in Wuzhou. He studied in Zheng Boxiong. Because his family was poor, he went to Lin'an (today's Hangzhou) to make a living in 1173 and studied in Taixue.

The restoration of records

In the first year of Chunxi's reign (1174), Ye Shi wrote a book to the Privy Council Minister Ye Heng. In his book shangxifuyuanshu, he talked about the general situation of the world and pointed out that the trouble in the world was "the imperial court was superior to the Confucianists, but the theory of benevolence and justice was ignored, and he rejected the sages instead of keeping himself in the high world". Therefore, he hoped that Zaizhi could take into account the changes of ancient and modern times and the fact that rights were harmed, so as to predetermine the state in the world. Specifically speaking, the first is the political promising: to call up and discard the famous people, to denounce the ministers who have made great comments but have no effect, to develop the theory of harmony and sameness, and to stop the theory of friends. He attached great importance to admonishment and served as a censor, and worshipped the pavilion to speak and read in person. The second is economic measures: according to the annual income, it is often used to control the state's use, and it is not necessary to ask too much to relieve the people's strength. The third is the military road of extensive military examination, which is entrusted with selecting materials and inspiring the courage of soldiers. Instead of increasing the number of soldiers, they need to step up training and cultivate instead of losing. Four parts of the upper class, actively preparing for the northern expedition.

Ye Shi put forward Zhongxing's "general plan" and further pointed out that the key lies in "honesty", "reward" and "punishment" for political leaders. Sincerity refers to giving orders, thinking about the great plan of living the people, instead of favoritism. Reward refers to the work of loving others, the pursuit of goodness, and the forgetting of ugliness. Punishment is to punish people for their mistakes, to understand people's evils, and to kill people by fleeing. But this time he didn't get the response he deserved. Later, Ye Shi wrote to the imperial court many times, the main points of which were these contents.

In the second year of Chunxi (1175), Ye Shi went to zhaomingshan in Wuyi to visit LV Zuqian, where he met Chen Liang and LV Zuqian, and later met Zhou Bida.

In 1176, ye Shijiao was born in Yueqing.

Stepping into official career

In the fourth year of Chunxi (1177), Ye Shi married the daughter of Mo, a son of Yongjia. In the same year, he was recommended by Zhou Bida, passed the water test, and was elected.

Chunxi five years (1178) spring, in the second Jinshi (eye). Ye Shi criticized Xiaozong and Zaizhi in the imperial court. Although Xiaozong also tried hard to be precise and practical, more than ten years later, there was no effect of size. Wang Ye was in a corner, and the common administration was abandoned today. He put forward that we should not be conservative, that we should reform the bad government and recover the lost land. In the same year, wenlinlang and pingjiangfu (today's Suzhou) were appointed as observation and promotion officials. On June 23, her mother Du died of illness, and her mother Ding was worried about her home.

In the autumn and July of the seventh year of Chunxi (1179), Chen Liang, at the invitation of Xu Yi, went from Yongkang to Yongjia, where he met with Ye Shi, Chen Fuliang and other scholars to discuss.

In the eighth year of Zixi's reign (1181), ye Shishou's system was over, and he was transferred to the military of Wuchang to serve in Ezhou (now Hubei). In the autumn of the same year, he was recommended by Shi Hao, a young teacher, and ordered by Emperor Xiaozong to go to the capital hall for examination. Ye Shi applied to the province and wrote to the prime minister Zhao Xiong.

In the 10th year of Chunxi reign (1182), Ye Shi took office in the Department of criminal justice of Zhexi road as Pingjiang Prefecture. Many scholars from Wu and Yue went to ask questions. He taught at Fengmen in Suzhou, trained Teng Lang, Zhou Nan, Li Zhongfang, Xue Zhonggeng and other scholars, visited many places of interest and wrote poems such as Huqiu, qiyunlou, Lingyan and Fengmen.

Wheelset recommendation

In 1185, Ye Shi was called from Suzhou to Lin'an. Wang Huai, the prime minister, and Gong Maoliang, the counsellor of government affairs, were recommended to change the official position of the capital, confer the Imperial College official, and change the Imperial College doctor. He wrote more than 40 pieces to answer the call.

In the 14th year of Chunxi reign (1187), Ye Shi went to the palace and entered the "shangdianzazi". In playing the couplet, he said that there were four difficulties and five impossibilities in state affairs. The four difficulties are: the state is, the argument, the talent and the law; the reality is: the army is too many to be weak, the wealth is too many to be lack, the officials are not trusted, the law is not appointed, and the qualification is not used. Ye Shi said to Emperor Xiaozong, "these five people are regarded as immovable by the whole world. Are they not the real troubles of today. It's not for a while that we should restrain ourselves from learning. It's in your Majesty's ears to talk about the interests, to know the real and the false, to judge the right and wrong, and to reject the right and wrong. " Xiaozong's spirit of recovery in his early years is now gone. There is nothing to do with his harsh advice. He says that he has a serious eye disease, and his ambition is gone. Tell him who can take up the responsibility. Ye Shi once again said that Xiaozong had been miserable for a long time. In the same year, in addition to Dr. Taichang, who was also the reviewer of the Institute, he wrote to Prime Minister Zhou Bida and recommended Chen Fuliang and Liu Qingzhi, as well as Lu Jiuyuan, Zheng Boying, Lu Zujian, Xu Yi, Yang Jian and Dai Xi. These people "are called after, when called people.". Ye Shi's action of writing and recommending scholars had strong repercussions among the intellectuals at that time. In his letter to Chen Liang, Zhu Xi praised Ye Shi very much. Ye Shi had correspondence with Chen Liang and Zhu Xi in the process of changing his official position.

In 1188, Lin Li launched an attack on Zhu Xi, and Ye Shi published a book named "distinguishing Zhu Yuanhui, the Langguan of the Ministry of war", which was written for Zhu Xi. He said that it was unreasonable for Zheng Bing, Chen Jia and Lin Li to denounce Zhu Xi in the name of Taoism. It was a common way for villains to harm Zhongliang.

In February of the 16th year of Chunxi (1189), Emperor Xiaozong took the throne, and Prince zhaodun ascended to the throne, which was called Guangzong. As a doctor of Taichang, Ye Shi discussed the ceremony in advance. In May, Mr. Ye served as secretary and was still the reviewer of the Academy. In his book Zhazi, the emperor of shangguangzong, it is said that there are six evils in the country: today's state power is not good, today's scholars are not good, today's people are not good, today's soldiers are not good, today's wealth is not good, and today's laws are not good. Ye Shi said, "if we don't have a clear idea of governing the country, the six will be damaged at the beginning but not at the end, the heart will be damaged and the branches will be covered, the branches will be separated and lax, and the comments of the ministers will be useless." But there was still no response. Later, he was transferred to Qizhou (now Qichun, Hubei Province) by his secretary lang. in June, he left Yongjia to take up his post. Chen Liang sent him to Oujiang River and wrote the poem "Zhu Yingtai sent ye zhengrujiangling on June 11.". After taking office, the imperial court ordered Ye Shi to promote the Huaixi iron smelting department.

Shaoxi inner Zen

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Chinese PinYin : Ye Shi