Wang Shipeng

Wang Shipeng

Wang Shipeng (November 9, 1112 - August 6, 1171), a native of Yueqing, Wenzhou (now Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province), was born in Meixi. He was a famous politician, poet and patriotic minister in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In the 27th year of Shaoxing (1157), he was promoted by Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty to be the first scholar (number one). Secretary Lang. Several times, he suggested that the government should be reorganized and the anti Jin generals should be appointed. Xiaozongli, tired of the official Shi, force Chen Jin recovery plan. He learned about Rao, Kui, Hu and Quan, and had made great achievements in disaster relief.

In 1171, Wang Shipeng died in his 60th year. Shaoxi three years (1192), after the posthumous title "Zhongwen.". There are "Mei Xi Ji" and so on.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Wang Shipeng was born in Meixi village, zuoyuan, the fourth capital of Yueqing, Wenzhou (now Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province) on October 18, the second year of the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty (November 9, 1112).

Wang Shipeng, who had a strong memory when he was young, entered a private school at the age of seven. At the age of fourteen, he successively studied in Luyan rural school, Jinxi Yiguan school and Yueqing County, and learned classics and history. His poems are well-known. At the age of 17, he lamented the exile of emperor Hui and Emperor Qin, and the Song Dynasty was forced to move south. At the age of 19, he wrote a famous sentence: "the city of Beidou is king, and the landscape of Dongou is clear.". His talent has shocked the poetry world in southern Zhejiang.

Trouble on the wedding night

At the age of 33, Wang Shipeng founded Meixi Academy in his hometown to teach students. The next year, he entered Taixue. Because of the political corruption in the Southern Song Dynasty, Qin Hui, the treacherous minister, was in power, and the imperial court was dark.

In 1155, Qin Hui died. In the 27th year of Shaoxing (1157), Wang Shipeng, 46, was promoted by Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty to be the first scholar of the Jin Dynasty (number one). Later, he advocated the Anti Japanese War and recommended veteran generals Zhang Jun and Liu Kai. He was rejected by the moderates and left Beijing to return to Li. After emperor Xiaozong ascended the throne, he began to know Yanzhou, but did not go to his post. He moved his son to take charge of his business, lived and served as a censor. He tried his best to arrange the peace talks, impeached Shi Hao, the representative of the main peace faction and prime minister, and dismissed him for eight crimes, including harboring traitors and harming the country.

Love spread

In the first year of Longxing (1163), Zhang Jun failed in the northern expedition, and there were many criticisms from the moderates. Wang Shipeng said that the restoration of the great cause can not be shaken by a defeat, which was not adopted. When he went out to zhirao, Huzhou and other states, he made great achievements in disaster relief.

In 1168, Wang Shipeng was appointed as the magistrate of Quanzhou.

In the winter of 1169, Wang Shipeng left office. When he left Quanzhou, men and women, old and young, sobbed bitterly to keep him. He also followed the example of the people in Raozhou to keep Wang Shipeng, breaking the bridge he had to pass through (later, the local people restored it, using the name of "Meixi" as Wang Shipeng's name). Wang Shipeng had to make a detour to leave, and the scholars followed him to Fengting post in Xianyou County.

Death

In the seventh year of Qiandao (1171), Wang Shipeng was appointed Prince Zhan Shi, and immediately became an official of LongTuge. On the third day of July (August 6), Wang Shipeng died at his home in Yueqing county at the age of 60. After hearing the news, Quanzhou scholars gathered in Kaiyuan Temple to mourn, and Wang Zhongwen Temple (also known as Meixi Temple) was built in East Street as a memorial.

In 1192, Emperor Guangzong of Song Dynasty granted the posthumous title of "Zhongwen".

Main achievements

Politics

When Wang Shipeng was Secretary of the provincial school, he tried to arrange the peace talks and criticized the military power of the three Yamen. He remonstrated Yang Cunzhong's military power and asked Zhang Jun to be employed. Emperor Xiaozong ordered all the officials to do their duties. He wrote a letter in "responding to Chen's malpractices" and pointed out that all the officials "did their best but did not perform their duties". At the same time, he pointed out that the emperor did not do well in the three major duties of appointing virtuous officials, accepting admonitions and rewards and punishments. When he served as the censor in the first year of Longxing, he impeached Shi Hao, the Prime Minister of the current Dynasty, Shi Zhengzhi and Lin anzhai, his party members, and dismissed them from office, which shocked the government and the public. He called Wang shipenglang the true censor. During Wang Shipeng's reign in Raozhou, Prime Minister Hong Shi was a native of Raozhou. When he returned to his hometown to visit Wang Shipeng, he proposed to expand the back garden of his private house in the palace. Wang Shipeng resolutely refused. It is recorded in Ben Zhuan, the history of the Song Dynasty: "prime minister Hong Shi asked him to learn from him and benefit his garden. Ten friends said:" where the sages live, how dare ten friends give to others? " Later, it became known to both the government and the public. Wang Shipeng was incorruptible all his life. His wife, Jia Shi, was of high moral character, tolerant of poverty and good at giving. He often encouraged each other with innocence. When he resigned and returned to his hometown, he was famished but not poor. His wife died in Quanzhou and had no money to transport the coffin back to her hometown. He said in the poem "begging temple does not allow" that "the family of Ministers is poor and humble, and they look up to the salary to help them cry and starve." "Kuang Chen's wife will be buried in time. I have not yet returned my journey, but I am sad day and night. " As a result, the coffin stayed in Quanzhou for two years. As an official, Wang Shipeng was concerned about the country and the people, but he was so poor.

literature

Wang Shipeng is knowledgeable and full of poetic talents. He often feels the scenery in front of him. Most of his poems are about people's love and education. His poems about the Luoyang Bridge built by Cai Xiang, the banquet of seven counties, the ten odd poems about Chengtian temple, and the poems about Qingyuan mountain are all excellent works handed down to later generations.

Wang Shipeng especially studied Chunqiu, Lunyu and Shangshu. The pursuit of stories and allusions or empty theory of Neo Confucianism is opposed in scholarship, and utilitarianism is emphasized in literature. Zhu Xi called his writing "vast in scale, developing in skeleton, changing in and out with great speed." He called his poem "honest and straight, and thought of compassion freely, just as he was." He was compared with Zhuge Liang, Du Fu, Yan Zhenqing, Han Yu and Fan Zhongyan. He said: "people with lofty ideals in the sea are convinced by his name, his words and his deeds." Ye Shi said that he "always bears great integrity" and "scholars always put the public first". "Siku Quanshu Zongmu" says that "ten friends are upright and upright, and they are great men of the present age."

personal works

Wang Shipeng has more than 1700 poems, 7 Fu, 46 memorials, and more than 140 other essays and essays, including notes, preface, books, enlightenments, papers, quizzes, lines, epitaphs, sacrificial essays, inscriptions, praise, etc., all of which are collected before and after the collection of works of Mr. Meixi. In addition, there are 8 handouts of the spring and Autumn Annals and the Analects of Confucius. Poetry vigorous Xiaochang, there is "Meixi collection.".

In 2012, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House published the complete works of Wang Shipeng.

Character evaluation

Zhao Min: ① unparalleled scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, the first minister of the eastern capital. ② I don't know that Wang Shipeng and Gu Huzhou are surrounded by water, but they can't be pacified.

Wang Yingchen: Confucianism was used in the Han Dynasty, but he was not alone. Huainan is afraid of it and dare not do it. It is called Gongsun generation, and the FA (que) vibrates and falls. It's not necessary to be a Confucianist. Who knows the reason, rat wax is not PU. The justice of justice, no shame at all. Standing upright in the dynasty, he is the king of the world. The right color is awe inspiring. When you don't move forward, you don't command. Tiger in the mountain, Wei and chenhuo. When you go out and defend four counties, you are outstanding in both administration and practice. It is not wise to ask Hu Weiran. The sage has moxun and keeps his promise. Only by practicing, can the beauty be refuted. This is the way of Tao Gu. Straight as a jade. I wrote poems to express Confucianism. Although people die in the clouds, there are still ghosts.

Liu Gong: these five gentlemen (Zhuge Liang, Du Fu, Yan Zhenqing, Han Yu, Fan Zhongyan) have different experiences and different positions. However, their hearts are all so-called open and aboveboard. They can be seen in the articles of merit. Down to the micro level of calligraphy and painting, they can be expected to be human beings. For today's people, they are almost the same in Guiling, Prince Zhan Shi .

Zhu Xi: first, those who are endowed with heaven are pure in the spirit of Yang De Gang Ming. They are open-minded and open-minded, and they are as clear as the sky and the sun. This is true of all those who are seen in business articles. ② People with lofty ideals at home are convinced by his reputation, his words and his deeds.

Tuotuo: ten friends, Wu Fu, Liang Han, and Shen Lao were in Taifu one after another. They slandered, cheated, and spoke frankly. They were all loyal and confident enough to serve as great leaders, but they could not use them.

Huang Huai: when eating at home, he is sensitive to his own strength. He studies Confucian classics and history, and goes by biographies. He chooses to keep them in accordance with the rules of heaven and the Yi people. He is loyal and filial to the Yi people. He is conscientious and self-centered. He is free from jealousy when he is in power The detailed analysis and the straight argument are enough to explain the holy way and the secular religion, but they can't be fully used at that time. When he was a county, he was a benefactor, a servant, a caretaker and a caretaker. He wanted to live in peace and health. He was a foreign servant, but he was concerned about the imperial court. He was an official in Han and Tang Dynasties. His works are essays and poems. They are rich, elegant, peaceful and magnanimous. They are not separated from morality and righteousness He is worthy of his virtue, contribution and speech.

Wang Fuzhi: if Zhou Bida, Wang Shipeng, Fan Chengda, Yang Wanli and others also show their opinions, they will be gentle and graceful, which is enough for the sake of peace.

Zhu Shi: when you look at the words and deeds of ten friends, you can see that it's like exposing the sun and the moon. Language cloud: the world's few, non talent also, gas also. There is Qi, Haoran between heaven and earth. It is also in the matter, not about and believe, not order and follow. To succeed in doing something, you can't count on words. If ten friends are used in time, how many will they be.

Ji Yun: ten friends are upright and upright, and they are great men of the time. Ying Chen said that he was reasonable in the literary field, and was not an empty and beautiful word. His articles are sparse, and his ideas are clear. Gong said that his poems were sincere and straight, sincere and smooth, just as he was. Today's complete collection, chunchunmu, has the legacy of Yuanyou. What they said is not good. Cao An Chen's long speech only said that he sacrificed to Emperor zhaolie, Zhuge Liang and Du Fu Wen of Han Dynasty, which was not enough to make ten friends.

Anecdotes and allusions

Wang Shipeng was very smart and hardworking when he was young. When he was studying in the county, he was well versed in literature and good at writing. The reputation has spread all over the county. There is an alley in the county, where there is an official who enjoys all kinds of money. He doesn't have a little ink in his belly, but he likes to make friends with famous people, dress up for himself and improve his value. He also invited Wang Shipeng to dinner several times to write poems, but they were all ignored

Chinese PinYin : Wang Shi Peng