Li Changxia

Li Changxia

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Li Changxia, whose name is Dexiao, was born in Yexian County (now Laizhou City) and married in Jiaozhou. Jiaozhou Zhusheng Ke Yingshi, the mother of the famous modern historian Ke Shaomin, is a famous poetess and scholar in the northern literary world in the late Qing Dynasty. He has the reputation of "poetry, ancient prose and CI are the best in the world". He is the author of the collection of poems of yizhai.

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a family of scholars for generations

Li Changxia was born in a well-educated family. Her grandfather, Li Boyuan, was a Jinshi in Qianlong period. He was an official in Henan Province, and wrote the miscellaneous records of twelve boats. His father, Li Shaobo, was a gifted scholar in Jiaqing. He studied literature and history very well. He was an official in boxing. His brother Li Jilun was a famous poet at that time. She was well influenced by literature since childhood, which laid a solid foundation for her to become a poetess and scholar. as a child, Li Changxia loved reading and chanting, and showed remarkable talent in her girlhood. In 1843, Li Shaobo was invited to lecture at Shangzhi Academy in Jinan. Li Changxia lived in Jinan with her parents. At that time, Jiaozhou scholar Ke Heng studied in this academy. Li Shaobo loved his poetic talent, so he betrothed his daughter to him.

Harmony between Qin and Se

At the age of 20, Li Changxia married Ke Juan. Ke Heng was born in Dongguan, Jiaocheng. His father, Ke Peiyuan and Jiaqing, went to Longyan, Fujian Province. At that time, Ke Peiyuan, together with Li Shaobo, Liu Yaochun and Li tingzhang, was known as the "four masters of shanzuo" in Beijing. Although he didn't get the name of the Department, he was good at the study of classics and history, especially famous for his good poetry. His five character poems have the reputation of "five character Great Wall". After they got married, they were like-minded and had a good relationship. Ke Zhen admired his wife's talent, and Changxia also supported her husband's research on Confucian classics and history. In 1861, the couple moved to Weixian county to avoid war. They joined Xiyuan poetry club with Weixian poet Guo suizhi and others in Weicheng xixiaozili. They exchanged views and chanted all day long. Li Changxia's yizhai poetry anthology was published at this time.

Literary achievements

Li Changxia's Poetics of the three Tang Dynasties is famous for recalling the past. Some people think it is worthy of Du Fu's Sanli and Sanbie. Far away from home, Li Changxia often touches the scene and shows her yearning for her hometown. She has a five character poem "Twilight rain", which reflects this feeling. The poem says: "the pillow listens to the residual rain, the window opens to the distant forest. Eaves flowers hang late Yin, pool shadow mist autumn Yin. When the wind is still, the fruit will fall, and the lotus will turn out waterfowl. What's more, if you're comfortable with yourself. " Some of Li Changxia's poems in her later years have reached the highest level of her literary accomplishment. Take her memoirs after the chaos as an example. The poem says: "five thousand volumes are inserted into the frame, but one torch is burned. Si min is the same as the havoc. Industry waste by lazy, window idle sleep day long. Recite poems to pity the weak girls and talk about the three Tang Dynasties on an empty stomach. " This poem was included in the chronicle of Qing poetry and was highly praised by the famous masters of Chinese culture, such as Wang Guowei and Liu Shipei. most of Li Changxia's early works were destroyed in the war. In her postscript to yizhai poetry anthology, she said, "when I was in Jinji, Kou Lai, I burned the collection of the stone chamber and the old works, and two or three out of ten remained." In addition to yizhai poetry anthology, the poetry anthology of late Qing Dynasty compiled by Xu Shichang, President of the Beiyang government, contains a lot of her works in her later years. Comment on his poem: "the style is high and ancient, the sustenance is remote and deep, and he is a famous writer in the national Dynasty. When it comes to cooperation, it should confront Shi and song. Li Changxia is also an accomplished female scholar. "Zeng Xiu Jiao Zhi" called her "erudite Gongshi", and "Qing Shi draft" said that she "learned from" Xuan ". Anthology refers to Wenxuan, which is the earliest extant Anthology of poetry and prose in China. Many representative excellent works in ancient times are preserved by this book. This book was first annotated by Gu Shanwei in Tang Dynasty, and then by Lu yanzuo and other five people. Due to the limitation of the times and the long history, its annotation is often full of mistakes. Therefore, the eight volumes of detailed notes on selected works written by Li Changxia should be corrected. To correct and annotate the earliest collection of poems and essays in our country, we should not only have profound literary accomplishment, but also have knowledge of classics, history, exegesis, phonology, collation and so on. This shows that she is not only a famous poetess in the late Qing Dynasty, but also a learned woman scholar.

Success in teaching children

Li Changxia attaches great importance to the cultivation of her children. In 1861, on the way from Jiaozhou to Weixian County, he also taught his children how to learn classics, history and CI. Later, her sons Shao min and Shao min both passed the entrance examination, and her two daughters Shao Hui and Shao Hui were also famous for their "elegance in Ci". Especially Ke Shaomin, who later became a rare scholar in China, had something to do with family education. Therefore, Chen Hengqing, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, said: "Mr. Ke Shaomin's early wisdom is also deeply rooted in his mother's education."

Selected Poems

Memories of the enemy's rear

He inserted five thousand volumes, but he was killed by one torch. Si min is the same as the havoc. When the industry is abandoned, the children are lazy. When the window is idle, the days are long. Recite poems to pity the weak women, and talk about the three Tang Dynasties.

[Gengshen imitating ancient times]

firstly

I'm sorry to leave you in this life. It's embarrassing to leave, let alone go to the military. the LORD was worried and cared for his son and wife. I've been in the army for several years now, and I've been in constant misery and hunger. When the wind blows down, you can see everything. There is no lack of loyalty in the world. The truth is based on man. Return to drive words, day and night look at Wuyuan. lush and luxuriant trees, but cold smoke. Han Wu was originally a great talent, but he was far away from it. Xifu Yelang County, Beijing Qilian Mountain. If the book of feather is not near, how can it reach Ganquan. in the late Qing Dynasty, he Lu was stealing peace. I know my uncle by virtue of righteousness, but I act like a coward by virtue of benevolence. I'm sorry to leave the grass in this tomb.

second

The east city is high and long, with flying towers and clouds. Among them, there is pi Shuzi, who is wearing clothes. Let's not see it in the world, but in the immortal period. I dare not look up to you for fear of disaster. When you hear a witticism for nine days, you can't feel like thinking. It can be transformed into oil cloud, and it can be divided into two parts: Cang and Li.

third

The guest comes from afar, and the cloud is Jiang Hanmin. The atmosphere is flowing all over the south, and there is no end to the family. the great general has a high banquet every day, and he hears about it with a quick book. Poor seven elites, calm as clouds. Plagiarize far and near, and distinguish the enemy from the army. It's not natural to be in chaos. There are many thieves and hungry people.

Chinese PinYin : Li Zhang Xia