Li Jixun

Li Jixun

Qing word Bo Zhen, word Bo Zi, Yao Qin, Sichuan Xiushan people. Guangxu 24 years (1898) Jinshi, change Shu Ji Shi, granted editing, calendar official post office consultation. He is good at poetry and works, close to Yan Zhenqing. There is a record of the poems of Ge.

Life story

Diligent study, number one in imperial examination

Li Jixun, Yao Qin, was born in 1860 in Longguan, Longchi, Xiushan, Chongqing. Although he was born poor, he has been diligent and studious since childhood. Qing Guangxu 14 years (AD 1888) examination, the examination of the Wuzi imperial examination; Guangxu 16 years, as the president of Xiushan Fengming academy, in the winter of that year began to write "Xiushan County". After more than a year, Li Jixun went to the villages in person to collect materials regardless of the heat and winter, which was completed in the spring of the 18th year of Guangxu. Eleven chapters, 24 volumes and more than 210000 words are included in the book, which is called Xiushan's masterpiece at that time. In 1898, he went to Beijing for the imperial examination with excellent results. Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty supervised the imperial examination on the spot. At the age of 38, Li Jixun lived up to the expectations of the public. He won one of the top two in the examination (the top three in the first one were the number one scholar, the number one scholar, the number one scholar, and the number one flower seeker). In 1898, the lunar calendar was 1898, so Li Jixun had another name: "biography of 1898".

Radical thinking and support for reform

According to Xiushan County annals, Li Jixun, who took part in the palace examination, has a legendary story. It is said that Li Jixun and Tan Sitong, one of the Six Gentlemen of the reformists in the late Qing Dynasty, were good friends, and were summoned by Empress Dowager Cixi because they were suspected of political reform. Cixi asked, "what do you think of Kang Liang's reform?" Li Jixun skillfully replied: "the law of the former king was not bad. There was the rule of law, but also the rule of man...". The colleagues at the scene kneaded the sweat for Li Jixun to avoid the disaster.

Benefit Chinese people and build railways

After Li Jixun appointed Chuan Lu Zhong Jinshi, he went back to Xiushan to run a mining bureau. At that time, there were antimony mines in Qingxi and Xiaoxigou, and the county people raised funds to develop antimony mining industry. Then Li Jixun went to Beijing, and the emperor approved him to be a good scholar in the Imperial Academy. In 1904, he served as Zuo Cheng counsellor of the Ministry of post and communication. In 1909, he sent Yichang, Hubei Province to preside over the construction of the Sichuan Han railway, which made a brilliant career of changing the Sichuan Hubei mountain road into a thoroughfare. at the beginning of last century, the idea of building a railway from Hubei to Sichuan originated from the idea that the newly appointed governor of Sichuan, Xi Liang, wanted to connect the land of abundance with the outside world by railway. In June 1903, Xiliang, who went to Sichuan from Zhengding Prefecture of Zhili, arrived in Yichang. After that, he left the boat for land to see the road from Hubei to Sichuan when the Sichuan Han railway was built in the future. At the beginning of the next year, with the support of Xiliang, Sichuan merchants and gentry established Sichuan Han Railway Corporation in Chengdu in accordance with the articles of association of the Ministry of Commerce. The planned route is from Hankou to Chengdu via Yichang and Chongqing, with a total length of about 1980 km. In 1906, Xiliang and Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang, jointly worked out the road construction method. The construction of Yichang Chengdu section was divided into three sections, which were surveyed by Chengdu and Yichang respectively, and the Yichang Kuifu section beside the Three Gorges waterway of the Yangtze River was determined to be built first. In 1908, the Sichuan governor appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer of Sichuan Han railway. In the following year, Zhan Tianyou went to Yichang and surveyed the route from Yichang to Guizhou. The route from Yichang to Guizhou along the North Bank of the Yangtze River passes xiaoxita, Wudu River, daxiakou and Xiangxi, with a total length of about 160 km. This section of the route is rugged and steep, and the project is extremely arduous. In accordance with the commercial law, it was named "SHANGBAN chuanhan Railway Co., Ltd." and set up a prime minister in Chengdu, Yichang and Beijing respectively to form a head office in Chengdu in the name of three prime ministers. In June 1908, Fei daochun, the first premier stationed in Yichang, died in Xingshan County when he was surveying the railway line. Wang Bingen succeeded him and soon resigned. He was replaced by Qiao Shunan, the premier stationed in Beijing. In August 1909, when Zhan Tianyou was in Yichang surveying the route, making plans, and actively preparing for the construction, Qiao Shunan took the place of Yichang prime minister with a major speech on the project, and Li Jixun took over the post office. Li Jixun, a senior intellectual, was appointed in the face of danger and led the heavy burden, so he came to take office. Under the cooperation and careful preparation of Li Jixun and Zhan Tianyou, the commencement ceremony of the Sichuan Han railway was held in Yichang on December 10, 1909 (October 28, the first year of Xuantong). More than 30000 road works from Yichang to Guizhou were officially started. Since then, Li Jixun rushed along the railway construction line. The Yigui section is estimated at more than 11 million yuan and is divided into 10 sections, which are expected to be completed in five years. In July 1910, track laying began in the section from Yichang new Wharf (also known as xiatieba, that is, the area from today's central hospital to Jiuduan wharf) to xiaoxita with a length of 7.5 km. The standard gauge was adopted, and materials were transported in December. Then, Yichang station, xiaoxita station and Zhangjiakou station were completed successively, and the subgrade and abutment along daxiakou were basically completed. The key project is Xiaoxi tower, which will continue to go northward to jiangjiawan and HUANGHUACHANG. The shangfengya tunnel will be built and the material truck will pass through. There are five big characters of Li Jixun's inscription "shangfengya Shandong" at the tunnel entrance, the first one is "June of the second year of Xuantong", the second one is "Xiushan Li Jixun's inscription", and two seals are engraved with "Li Jixun's seal" and "Wuxu biography". The crossing building and Li Jixun's inscription are still intact. Standing in front of the site, it seems that the magnificent and busy scene of Li Jixun and Zhan Tianyou directing the road construction here appears in front of us, giving us endless reverie. In March 2006, the people's Government of Yichang city listed the shangfengya tunnel as a list of cultural relics protection units and announced the protection. On May 9, 1911, the Qing government issued the policy of state-owned railway and announced that the two commercial railways, Guangdong Han railway and Sichuan Han railway, would be taken back as state-owned railway and the commercial railway would be cancelled. This caused an uproar. On the 15th of that month, Li Jixun called the Chengdu head office, saying that "the road is owned by the state, the commercial office is cancelled, and the government sacrifices its credit," and "the people have suffered a lot, so we should work hard to refuse.". Regardless of the opposition of the Chinese, the Qing government signed loan contracts with the representatives of the bank groups of Britain, France, Germany and the United States to sell the right of way, which aroused the opposition of shareholders in Sichuan and Yichang. In order to reconcile the road affairs, Li Jixun went to Beijing in July to negotiate with Sheng Xuanhuai, the representative of the Qing government. The negotiation failed and the contradiction between the road affairs intensified. After Li Jixun returned to Yichang at the end of the month, he saw no hope of fighting for the right of way, and then fought for the road money, trying to save the railway shareholders from losses.

Road protection campaign

In 1911, a magnificent road protection movement was launched in the vast land of Bashu. Gentry, businessmen, officials and the public were all against the government's selling the right of way. From speeches, debates, leaflets to strikes, strikes and strikes, it developed into armed uprisings all over the province. In order to quell the "rebellion" in Sichuan Province, the Qing government dispatched troops from Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Shaanxi and other provinces in less than half a month, which led to the emptiness of Wuchang and the rise of revolutionaries. On October 10, the Wuchang Uprising broke out. Yichang's Revolutionary Party members, together with the new army stationed in Yichang, were the first to respond in the whole country and held an uprising on October 18. Li Jixun witnessed the whole process of the uprising in Yichang, saying that "it was only eight days since the uprising of the people's army in Wuchang" and that "Yichang was the first one to respond to the uprising of the people's army in Wuchang.". On the second day of the Yichang uprising, Li Jixun paid a visit to Tang Xizhi, the leader of the uprising. In order to support the rebel army, he said to his face that he would hand over the Sichuan Han railway patrol team and the Hubei Provincial patrol camp to the rebel headquarters for control and control, and support the revolution with one military power. Most of the road builders came from Shandong and Henan, and "most of them are strong and powerful", from which more than 800 elite road workers were selected to join the volunteer army. They worked bravely and made contributions to the attack on the Qing army in Jingzhou. the construction of the Sichuan Han railway stopped here. In order to arrange the whereabouts of more than 40000 road construction workers, Li Jixun, together with Yichang business branch, wrote to the governor of Hubei for funding several times. After the funds arrived, they were distributed to the road workers for proper repatriation. According to Xiushan County annals, Li Jixun tried his best to appease the railway workers and "praise the Yichang people". In Li Jixun's letter to the railway workers, there was a saying that "I will live one day, and I will ensure that you will not die. I will eat one day, and I will ensure that you will not be hungry." the workers were very grateful. After the revolution of 1911, when the Republic of China was founded, the former shareholders of Sichuan Han railway went to Beijing to negotiate with the Ministry of communications about the construction of the Sichuan Han railway. Yu Yichang, the Yichang Engineering Bureau of the Han Guangdong Sichuan railway, was also established, and Li Jixun was appointed as the director. In fact, the restoration of road construction is only a piece of paper. A few years later, Yichang road construction materials were removed one after another. In June 1912, Li Jixun wrote in a report article "preface to Jingyi Shihe Guangfu Ji": "today's national flag is five colors, flying across the earth. But my Shu is full of wounds and vitality. Sichuan Road stopped in a hurry, and the materials were scattered, and the loss was especially great. Reading this article, I look back on the past. I look around and feel sad. I don't know where my tears come from

Return to hometown

After the revolution of 1911, Li Jixun settled down in Yichang and was elected as the premier of Yichang business branch (the general association is in Shanghai). Yichang business branch was later changed into Yichang chamber of Commerce. He was still the president of Yichang chamber of Commerce and made outstanding contributions to the development and growth of Yichang industry and Commerce in the early years of the Republic of China. Li Jixun was enthusiastic about public welfare. Together with Du Chengzhang, a businessman in Yishu, Li Jixun donated money to establish a Peixin charity hall, which was engaged in folk charity activities and extended medical treatment. The street where Peixin Shantang is located is named Peixin Road, which is still in use today. He also founded eight Yao qinyi schools in the city and Xiba, and took in poor children for free. According to the records in the manuscript of the history of the Qing Dynasty, biographies and literary garden, Li Jixun "learned a lot from the famous scholars through careful evaluation and practical learning", "learned a lot from the ancient prose, learned the poetic method from Wang Kaiyun, but not limited to the teacher's theory", "and wrote four volumes of the book of songs of Wu". Li Jixun is good at calligraphy, and his handwriting "shangfengya Shandong", which is praised by the world, is still preserved on the Sichuan Han railway site. Xiushan County annals

Chinese PinYin : Li Ji Xun