Yang Yisun

Yang Yisun

Yang Yisun (1812 or 1813-1884), a calligrapher of Qing Dynasty. Ziyu was named yizuziyu, Yongchun, haosou, Guanhao, Changshu, Jiangsu. Daoguang 23 years (1843) Ju Ren, official to Fengyang magistrate. Gongzhongding, shigu, Zhuan Yang Yisun, Li and Deng Shiru were antagonistic. The spirit is not as good as the spirit. I engraved, also binya Meilun.

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Gongzhuan script is a combination of big seal and small seal. The method of seal script is pure and profound. After Li Yangbing in Tang Dynasty, there was no successor. Sun was famous for his seal script. Running script was rare, but he also wrote very well. Deng Shiru and Yang Yisun, with their unique style of seal script method, make a new ear and eye, so that this has lost practical value of the text with its unique beauty, in the calligraphy art garden to play glory, its contribution can not be lost. Ma zonghuo commented on his seal script in his "Bi Tan of peiyue tower": "haosou's seal script is very diligent and has good rules. Those who are lack of rhyme and ear." There are many books handed down. "Seven character couplet for brother Shaoqing", written in ink and running script. One seven character couplet. The main body of the first couplet and the second couplet are 14 words and 10 words respectively, which are published in Japan's Illustrated Books of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The couplets are written in Yan and Liu's regular script. They also take the advantages of different schools to create their own style. Because of his profound calligraphy skills, strong strokes, strict layout, and broad and elegant style. This is the main feature of Yang's work. The small characters in the couplet are also very appropriate, with smooth and free style. The size of the characters is in harmony with the whole picture, which adds an active atmosphere to the whole work.

Life of the characters

Although the title of Yang Yisun's book is high, there are few biographical materials behind him. A brief biography of more than 100 words is attached to the biography of Deng Shiru in the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty. This is to quote the full text: "Yang Yisun, ziyongchun, from Changshu, Jiangsu Province. In the 23rd year of Daoguang, he was the official magistrate of Fengyang, Anhui Province. His father was worried about his return, so he didn't come out and called himself haosou. He learned little from Li zhaoluo, governed the scholars of Zhou and Qin Dynasties, and devoted himself to calligraphy, especially to seal characters. He wrote the book "the explanation of words asking for falsehood" to make up for what Duan Yucai and Wang Yun didn't prepare. He also took an examination of the ancient history of Zhen and Lisi, compromised with Xu Shen, and wrote Zaixi. Zhuan Li Zong is as complacent as stone. Taste said: my calligraphy and seal characters against the Deng family, proud or over, the division of Li can not and also. In addition, according to some scattered letters, poetry manuscripts and other materials, we can add a little bit: in a letter to Yuanzheng, a good friend, asking him to write his father's epitaph, Yang Yisun said that his father "wrote the poetry manuscripts of Fenglu Pingtang, which expresses his spirit and is close to fangweng. Calligraphy melts Europe and Zhao into one. You are good at small things, and will never grow old. It is also said that "when it comes to the changes of the world, what it discusses about current affairs and what it is appropriate to set up a moral system, it does not involve lofty and strange things, and it must belong to peace and justice.". From this, we can understand the family atmosphere and temperament inheritance of Yang Yisun as a teenager. Yisun's "father worried about his return, so he didn't come out". He resigned from office and specialized in academic and calligraphy, which was similar to his father's temperament.

Yang Yisun's Calligraphy

Yang Yisun studied in Changzhou in his early years and studied under the guidance of famous scholar Li zhaoluo. Li once served as a county magistrate. After his resignation, he presided over Jiangyin Jiyang Academy for several 20 years. He is good at exegesis and textual research. He has made astronomical instruments, and his works include books on geography. He "did not distinguish between the Han and Song dynasties in his theory of learning, but focused on his experience and attributed it to practical use". Wei Yuan called it "modern common Confucian". What Yang Yisun learned from Li mainly lies in his scholars and primary school. In the 23rd year of Daoguang (1843), Yang Yisun was elected as the magistrate of Fengyang, Anhui Province. Later, he went to the government with his father Ding. He used to be a farmer and businessman, and his family business declined because of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom war. Since then, he has often traveled between his hometown Changshu and Anhui Wancheng (today's Qianshan County) to support himself with pen and ink. Changshu's Zhao Zongde (price person) and Zongjian (second Marquis) brothers have a garden "half acre garden" in the north of the city, the environment is very beautiful. There is an old mountain building in the garden, which collects tens of thousands of volumes of ancient books, paintings, and steles. It is a place where Changshu cultural celebrities often meet. Yang Yisun, sisun brothers and Zhao brothers are close friends, and they are frequent visitors to the half acre garden. After enjoying flowers and drinking, there are poems. In addition, those who often meet in the half acre garden are also close to the Yang brothers in the past, such as Yang Xiangji in Xiushui (now Jiaxing), Hua Yilun in Wuxi in Jingui, and Pang Zhonglu and Wu honglun in Changshu. The painter Yang Xiangji, named Li Shu and Xiao Xi, was an old friend of Yang Yisun's in Shanghai in the first year of Tongzhi. Calligraphy and painting are ancient and elegant, especially good at painting Buddha. What's more, Yan Qiju, the grandson of Yang Yi, was called "turtle nest" and called himself "old turtle". Huayilun, the word zanqing, the name pengqiu. Fine identification, rich collection, landscape painter Fawang Yuanqi, the author of "painting said.". Later, Pang Zhonglu became a minister of the Ministry of industry and the Ministry of punishment. In August of the 11th year of Tongzhi, Weng Tongsu, a cabinet bachelor who was the Minister of Taipusi in Beijing, returned to his hometown Changshu to keep the system. Zhao Cihou arranged a large-scale gathering in banmuyuan and invited many celebrities in Changshu. Yisun and Si brothers were also present. During the banquet, Yang Yisun and Weng Tongsu exchanged views on inscriptions of Han and Tang Dynasties. For a few years after he was about 60 years old, Yang Yisun mainly lived in Wancheng and made a living by selling words. At this time, the title of the book has been written, life is not a problem, but they are not willing to use the book to cater to the good of the world, and invite favor for profit. Living in a foreign land, a sense of loneliness, mood is not happy. He is often tired of selling words all day and living like a scribe. Every thought of homesickness. His friends in his hometown also wanted him to go back, but on the one hand, Wancheng already had some foundation for survival. On the other hand, his hometown seemed to have some family troubles, so he hesitated and finally took the attitude of letting it be.

Experience of learning Zhuan

Yang Yisun loved seal script in his youth. When I was studying in Changzhou, I met several "piling predecessors". For example, Zhang Huiyan, a Confucian scholar and founder of "Changzhou CI school", Zhang Qi, his younger brother, and Wu Yu, who is good at calligraphy and printing. These are all enthusiastic admirers of Deng Shiru, a famous seal calligrapher in Qianlong period. Yang Yisun's teacher, Li zhaoluo (named Shenqi), has a close relationship with Deng's father and son. Zhang Huiyan studied Zhuan from Deng Shiru, and Wu Yuze was a close friend with Bao Shichen, a disciple of Deng. Therefore, Yang Yisun has long admired Deng. He has a "postscript to Deng Shanmin yingtie", which fully expresses his admiration and heartbreak for Deng Shiru. Not only did he give a high evaluation to his calligraphy, but also from this essay, we can see that Yang Yisun's study of seal script also started from Deng, and then formed his own style of Calligraphy: "for more than 20 years, he knew how to write well for mountain people, and his predecessors learned all kinds of theories, and he liked to learn seal script privately, so he knew it only early. At that time, there was no one in Su. At the end of the reign of Daoguang and Bingwu, when the mountain people came to Yu, they could see the ink and know the path of Zhuan and Li. And Guan Xin'an got nearly 80 Shanmin's books, which are all in four styles. The change of August in Gengshen was completely lost. " "When I first knew the mountain people, I took Weng Zhujun as my capital, and later I became more and more convinced. Hengsi gathers people in different styles. And Guan Xin'an. However, it was not long before it was completely lost. I often thought it was a pity. The private discussion of Shanmin's books should be the first in this dynasty, only Liu Wenqing could fight against it. But there is no such thing as Liu in the two styles of Zhuan and Li, and it is also in the cloth clothing, so it is unique. "

Yang Yisun's Calligraphy

Yang Yisun thinks that Deng Shiru was "the first" in the Qing Dynasty, even surpassing Liu Yong, who had a very high title at that time. However, Yang Yisun didn't just imitate and learn from Deng Shiru. In the aspect of seal script, he had a broader vision than Deng's disciples and followers, and finally got rid of the popular "Deng school" calligraphy style and surpassed the contemporary calligraphers. The reason why Yang Yisun's seal script art can achieve such achievement is obviously related to his philology research. He once wrote a verse called Zaixi, which was written one year before his death. In this paper, he summarized the important achievements of scholars of gold and stone since the Jia and Dao dynasties in Qing Dynasty. Of course, he also expressed his own understanding and views on Zhuan studies: "in my dynasty, Taiwen was a great scholar. Tracing to the source along the stream, the same can lead to the different. Duan junkeng, the first to explain the fine friendship. Jiang, Qian, Yan and GUI have their own schools. After Guanshan, it can communicate with the gods. For Xu Zhengchen, offer can not. Given sentence, when the trial interpretation. The essence of the argument is profound. At that time, Zhang and Deng were good at calligraphy. Gao Wenbo, Bai Hongsi. The scale of the Qin and Han Dynasties, Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Confucius, Lingxiu bell, super Xu Mai Li. There are shuoshanzi. Shengyufu canal is the most bustling. The decline of Zhuan virtue will be 3000 years old. In the reign of Jia and Dao, all the sages adopted it. " Yang Yisun thinks that the philology of Qing Dynasty has an important development in its depth and breadth. He fully affirmed the important contributions of Duan Yucai, Jiang Sheng, Qian Daxin, Yan Kejun, GUI Fu and other scholars. For contemporary seal calligraphers, he convinced Zhang Huiyan (Gaowen) and Deng Shiru (Wanbai) that their seal script could communicate with the thoughts and feelings of the three dynasties, Qin and Han Dynasties. He also inquired into the reasons for the decline of seal script in the past three thousand years: "the Qin emperor despised the ancient, and Li Si was flattering. Xiao Zhuan is flourishing, but Zhen Shu is useless. But it is still round and even, and is becoming more and more beautiful. The ancient meaning is becoming more and more clear, and the true form is very few. " Qin Shihuang and Li Si unified the world's characters with Xiaozhuan, and the Jueshu and ancient Chinese characters were abolished. From the perspective of practical writing, Xiaozhuan is more round, even and neat after it is standardized, which is more convenient in terms of practical writing. But from the aesthetic point of view of calligraphy, it is far away from the ancient meaning of Zhuan Zhen. So, how can we surpass Xiaozhuan, which has already "few real forms", and revitalize it? That is to say, we must go up to the ancient characters on the three generations of Dingyi, that is, the inscriptions of gold that can be seen today: "if we don't follow them, how can we describe the purport?". This is the golden age. The Shang and Zhou dynasties are right. To verify the letter of approval, we will know the reason. " and

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