Haimen Island

Haimen Island

Haimen Island mainly refers to the island where today's Xiongzhen town in Fujian Province is located at the mouth of Jiulong River, Haicang in Xiamen in the north and Longhai in Zhangzhou in the West. Like a bright pearl inlaid in the mouth of the Jiulong River. The island is shaped like a shuttle, as if weaving a dream of the sea. It also refers to the ancient islands in Haimen area of Tongzhou, Jiangsu Province (now Nantong).

Haimen Island, Longhai, Fujian

Historical evolution

Haicheng "Yuegang", one of the four major commercial ports in Ming and min dynasties, is located at the entrance of Jiulong River. Its port road from Yuexi to Haimen island is "connected with sea tide outside and mountain stream inside, which looks like the moon, so it is named (Haicheng county annals) due to the Ming government's strict sea ban, Quanzhou's official and commercial foreign trade door was closed, so the private smugglers chose Yuegang to sneak across Xiamen island for foreign trade, and gradually developed into a trading port. According to Haicheng county annals, "Yuegang has been called a giant town since the past.

There are many shops, beehives, merchants, foreign ships, merchants, seafaring trade, and so on. Therefore, it is called "Minnan metropolis". At that time, the people living along the banks of the Jiulong River in the counties of Zhangzhou Prefecture went abroad for many times. Most of them took a boat to Yuegang and sailed to sea from Haimen island. Therefore, there was another saying that "all the people of Fujian came from Yuegang of Zhangzhou to go abroad.". Because of the prosperity of Yuegang, the pirates covet it. According to the records of Haicheng County, "during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, the powerful people built huge ships privately, sailed abroad, and traded for profits. As a result, they induced internal strife among the aggressors, and the legal rope could not stop.". "On June 25, the summer of the 36th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, the pirates Xu chaoguang and Xie CE attacked Yuegang He burned more than a thousand homes and carried away more than a thousand people. " "From the 28th year of Jiajing to the third year of Longqing in the Ming Dynasty, for 21 years successively, Japanese pirates harassed Yuegang." In order to prevent the invasion and harassment of foreigners and pirates, the Ming government set up castles in Yuegang and sent troops to garrison. In the ninth year of Jiajing, the "Anbian Pavilion" was set up in Haicang, in the thirtieth year, the "Jinghai Pavilion" was set up in Yuegang, and in the 42nd year, it was changed into the "coastal defense Pavilion". Finally, in 1566 (the first year of Longqing), the Ming Dynasty set up Haicheng County in Yuegang, implying that "Haijiang was clarified", and the county government was in Yuegang. After the rise of Xiamen port in the early Qing Dynasty, it gradually took the place of Yuegang. Recently, a fisherman on Haimen island was working at the mouth of the Jiulong River when he found a pottery pot containing six Spanish gold coins. The Spanish gold coins were left at the mouth of the Jiulong River. The biggest possibility was that they were re exported from the Philippines to Yuegang, the most prosperous commercial port in Fujian at that time. According to historical research, Xiamen city was built in the 27th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, that is, 1394 A.D. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the three names of "jiaheyu", "zhongzuosoo" and "Xiamen" were used together. Until the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), Xiamen was called the whole island. "Xia" evolved from the word "Xia". The meaning of "men" is the Strait, "Xiamen" is the refinement of the word "Xia Men".

geographical position

Historically, Haimen island once served as a springboard for private maritime merchants to trade with Western expeditionary fleets, but now it returns to its original fishing village form.

Haimen island used to be three adjacent islands. In the 1970s, when agriculture was like Dazhai, it was connected by artificial reclamation, forming a landscape of hills and marine plains. Haimen island covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers, twice the area of Gulangyu Island in Xiamen. In and out of Haimen Island, ships are still the only means of transportation. Due to the inconvenience of transportation, Haimen island does not have the prosperity and impetuousness of the city, but retains the original idyllic scenery like peach blossom land. There are two villages on the island with about 6200 people. The villagers are mainly fishing, supplemented by breeding and planting. Fishing, firewood, farming and reading, simple folk customs.

natural resources

The fresh air of a Shanghai Gate island comes to us. The winding stream passes through the wide grassland, which is very quiet. Groups of cattle are eating the grass happily. The mountains are parallel to each other in the north and south of the island. The mountains are full of all kinds of fruit trees and trees. The shadows of the trees are whirling and graceful. The flowers and fruits are fragrant all the year round, which is a beautiful pastoral scenery.

Haimen island is a paradise for birds. Birds fly back and forth. Their elegant posture and colorful feathers are extremely beautiful. More than 40 kinds of birds can be seen on Haimen Island, including grey heron, brown backed Shrike, myna, heron, kingfisher, etc. There are birds everywhere on the poles, rocks, beaches, paddy fields, ponds and cattle. There are mangroves on the beaches and shoals of Haimen Island, which is a provincial nature reserve. Mangrove species include Kandelia candel, Aegiceras corniculata, Avicennia marina, Rattus thunbergii and Rattus Xiamen. Mangroves block out the sun, up to 6-7m, which is very suitable for birds and small creatures to live and inhabit. "Soil bamboo shoots" is one of them. Haimen island is rich in "soil bamboo shoots", which can be excavated all year round. The price of fresh "soil bamboo shoots" is as high as more than 100 yuan per kilogram. "Earth bamboo shoots" taste delicious, rich in nutrition, made into a "frozen earth bamboo shoots" is a delicacy at the banquet. When Deng Gongshi mansion was built, he invited the master of Fugong to make this famous snack in Southern Fujian - "Tu sun Leng". Nowadays, the mangroves of Haimen island still firmly support the shrinking "kidney of the earth" - wetland with the great body of "coast guard".

scenic spot

To the east of the island, there is a sandy beach with jagged rocks. One of the rocks is sharp at the top and wide at the bottom, which looks like a high rooster. It is called "Jiguan reef" by the local people and is often called "Jimu rock". In addition, a huge clam shell is called Wenge stone. At the seaside, you can watch the sea, listen to the waves, walk on the beach, let the sea kiss your heel, watch the tide rise and fall, listen to the shallow singing, and enjoy the beauty and magic of the water on the beach.

economic development

The fishing industry and aquaculture in Haimen island are relatively developed. The main fishing products are shrimp, oyster, clam, abalone, scallop, grouper, eel, yellow croaker, Charybdis, clam, razor clam, mackerel and other valuable seafood. There are hundreds of economic fish, with an annual output of 1 million tons. The water quality here is excellent, and the plankton is particularly rich. The aquatic products produced here are crabs, fish and shrimps, which have the characteristics of delicious flavor and beautiful color. The fishing boat on the island is like a floating home. Where the boat goes, the home is there. The surrounding sea is the countryside of labor. Although the fishermen have bid farewell to the life of "family ship" and "three parts of life", the hardships of the sea still connect our lovely fishermen friends.

Haimen Island, Nantong, Jiangsu Province

Haimen island is said to be a large island. It is a place where prisoners are sent to cook salt when they are alive. There are troops stationed on the island. Haimen county annals of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1537) clearly recorded that "Haimen island is in the county governance of Beihai". But where is Haimen island now? Is the record of Ming history correct? Do you want to record Haimen island in the new round of Haimen annals? These issues are eager to be understood by everyone who cares about the history of Haimen. For this reason, the author collected relevant research materials for readers.

There are four opinions about Haimen Island: Haimen island does exist; Haimen island has never existed; ancient Haimen county is Haimen island; Liya mountain is the disappeared Haimen island.

It did exist

1. There are historical records. Haimen island is recorded in many historical works: the earliest record of Haimen island is in the Song Dynasty's "Fang Yu Lan" Most of those who have committed crimes and got loans deserve Dengzhou Salmonella island and TongZhou Haimen island... " In order to fight against Japanese invaders in 1562, it was recorded that Haimen island was located in Haizhong, northeast of huangyangsha and Tianshui port (now outside Fengli Town, Rudong County). In 1577, Wanli TongZhou annals of Ming dynasty recorded that "Haimen island was in the Northeast sea of Nantong City (now Nantong City), where all criminals of Song Dynasty were matched It's not in the sea today. " The above records show that Haimen Island did exist before the Wanli year of Ming Dynasty.

2. There is a regional concept. Cao changen, a native of Tongzhou in the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, described in his Dongzhou anecdote: "Haimen Island lives in the East China Sea. It's shaped like an umbrella, like a mushroom. It's also called" junzizhou "when it comes to people. Its stipe is 14 or 5 li long, and its width can be 3 or 4 li. The widest part of the umbrella is 80 Li The above records show that the area of Haimen island is still large.

3. There is a concept of time. According to the records of Wanli TongZhou annals in the Ming Dynasty (1577), "Haimen island is in the Northeast sea of the state There is no record of "not in the sea" in Jiajing Haimen county annals (1537), which indicates that Haimen island was not in the sea from 1537 to 1577, and there was Haimen island before.

It doesn't exist at all

1. The so-called Haimen Island, which is called "jianghaimen island", is the general name of many ancient sandbanks in the Yangtze River Estuary. In the general textual research of literature in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, it is recorded that when a person commits a capital crime and gets a loan to Haimen Island, he can go to two places - "and in Haimen Island, where there are two places, the strong and the weak belong to Chongming Town, and the weak belong to Dongzhou town". It shows that Haimen island at that time included Chongming town and Dongzhou town.

2. The existence of Haimen island can not be explained by some documents. There are different opinions on the location of Haimen island. Some people say that outside Fengli town of Rudong County, some people think that it is in the "northeast sea area of Lvsi", some people think that it is in the "East Sea area of Qintan (lvsidong)" and others simply say that "Lvsi is Haimen island". The description of Cao changen's treatment of Haimen island in Qing Dynasty is also unreliable

Chinese PinYin : Hai Men Dao