Shanghai Museum of nature

Shanghai Museum of nature

Shanghai Museum of nature is one of the largest in China.

Shanghai Nature Museum (Shanghai Science and Technology Museum branch) is located in Jing'an Sculpture Park, Shanghai. Its history can be traced back to the Xujiahui Museum (the earliest Museum in China, renamed as the Sinian Museum in 1933) founded by French Catholic priest hanboro in 1868, and the Asian Cultural Association Shanghai Museum (affiliated to the Royal Society of British Museums, renamed as Shanghai museum after liberation) founded by British in 1874. In 1956, on the basis of the Sinian Museum and the Shanghai Museum, the Shanghai Museum of natural history was officially established.

The new Shanghai Museum of natural history opened in the second quarter of 2015

With the theme of "nature, human and harmony", through the three main lines of "the music of evolution", "the picture of life" and "the epic of civilization", it presents 10 permanent exhibition areas and temporary exhibition hall, 4D cinema and Exploration Center, including the mystery of origin, the long river of life, the way of evolution, the exploration of the earth, colorful life, ecological Vientiane, survival wisdom, the fate of man and land, Shanghai story and the future road And other supporting functional areas.

As of 2018, the building area is 45257 square meters, the exhibition education service area is 32200 square meters, and it is expected to receive 2 million visitors annually.

Shanghai Museum of natural history has more than 290000 collections, including natural and human historical relics from East China, even the whole country and all over the world, belonging to five categories of plants, animals, paleontology, geology and humanities, including more than 150000 plant specimens, more than 4000 mammal specimens, more than 10000 fish, birds, amphibians and reptiles, and nearly 33000 insect specimens He has more than 50000 invertebrate specimens, more than 5000 geological specimens, more than 8000 paleontological specimens, and more than 3500 cultural and folk specimens.

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Development history

The Shanghai Museum of natural history was established in 1956. The Shanghai Municipal People's Committee approved on November 1, 1956 that 12 people, including Jin Zhonghua, would form the Preparatory Committee for the museum. On December 27 of the same year, the first preparatory committee meeting determined that the nature of the museum was "natural history" and named it "Shanghai Natural History Museum"; the task was to prepare for the construction of five professional museums of animals, plants, human beings, astronomy and geology; Jin Zhonghua was selected as the chairman, and Chen Yusun, Lu Yudao and Ren Hongjun as the vice chairman.

When the Preparatory Committee was first established, it was subordinate to the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of culture and the Shanghai Association for the popularization of science and technology; on September 12, 1962, it was transferred to the Shanghai Municipal Commission of science and technology and the Shanghai Association for science and technology; in June 1988, it was transferred to the Shanghai Academy of Sciences.

The Preparatory Office of Shanghai Museum of natural history is located in No.2 mingdeli, Nanchang Road, No.20 Huqiu Road, and Shanghai Institute of Entomology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing South Road. It moved to No.260 Yan'an East Road in August 1958 (the former Chinese gauze exchange, the first reinforced concrete building in Shanghai). It is a six story building with British classical style, covering an area of more than 2600 square meters and a building area of more than 12000 square meters Rice. In February 1960, Guo Moruo, President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, wrote the name of the museum "Shanghai Museum of nature". Now most of the exhibits have been moved to the nature museum in Jing'an District, which is called "Nature Museum branch".

Founded in 1956, the Shanghai Museum of natural history was formerly known as the Sinian Museum founded in 1868 and the Asian Cultural Association founded in 1874. For a long time, Shanghai Museum of natural history is very precious because it has a collection history of more than 100 years. Shanghai Museum of natural history has a collection of nearly 270000 specimens, among which the Yellow River ancient elephant and the Mamen River Dragon fossils are known as "treasures of the museum".

In 2001, the Shanghai Museum of nature was officially incorporated into the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum. Because of its narrow space and backward display mode, it decided to move to a new museum. Wang Xiaoming, director of Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, said that the new museum is located in the plot of Jing'an Sculpture Park in Shanghai, with a total construction area of about 45000 square meters. The ground was broken in June 2009 and the construction is planned to be completed by the end of 2012.

In order to meet the exhibition demand, expand the number of exhibits and improve the quality of the collection, the new museum will collect a total of 6204 specimens from 1430 species including minerals, paleontology and living organisms at home and abroad for the purpose of "protecting nature and showing the course of change".

It is now open to the public.

Venue features

Design concept

With the theme of "nature, human and harmony", the Shanghai Museum of natural history presents 10 permanent exhibition areas, 1 temporary exhibition hall and 4D film, including the mystery of origin, the long river of life, the way of evolution, the exploration of the earth, colorful life, ecological Vientiane, survival wisdom, the fate of human and land, Shanghai stories and the future road, through three main lines of "evolution movement", "picture scroll of life" and "epic of civilization" Hospital, Exploration Center and other supporting functional areas.

High Tech Exhibition

More than 11000 specimen models from seven continents are displayed, including nearly 1000 specimens of rare species; nearly 1500 square meters of walk-in restoration scenes vividly reproduce the vibrant African prairie; the large specimen array of "gathering across time and space" gathers more than 200 animal and plant stars at all times and at all over the world; and five immersion theatres, such as "escape from Cretaceous", reproduce the major events in the history of evolution There are 26 groups of restored ecological landscape boxes, such as "window of nature", which pay homage to the classic exhibition of the Museum of nature; 400 visual media and a set of online museum system, which meet the public demand in the era of we media; 1500 groups of scientific paintings, which directly show the combination of art and science; 300 square meters of living breeding area, which touch nature from zero distance; 1200 groups of scientific paintings The "Exploration Center" with an area of 200 square meters will build a paradise for observation and discovery, hands-on experiments and dialogue; the "natural epic" multimedia show will create an art feast integrating science and technology and humanities.

Comprehensive characteristics

Shanghai Museum of nature is a comprehensive museum of natural sciences including paleontology, botany, zoology, anthropology, geology and astronomy. The main task is to carry out scientific research and social education on the basis of collecting natural specimens and books. On January 27, 1960, the zoology branch opened in its headquarters; in 1984, the botany branch was built at 1102 Longwu Road, covering an area of more than 1800 square meters, with six floors and a building area of 3065 square meters. The exhibition covers an area of more than 4000 square meters, including three parts: the history of ancient animals, the history of ancient animals and modern animals. Modern animals include invertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. In addition, there are nine exhibition rooms in Shanghai Ancient corpse exhibition and marine animal exhibition. The exhibition area of botany branch is more than 2200 square meters, covering the evolution of plants.

The whole exhibition is arranged in the order of low to high, reflecting the process of biological evolution. Each phylum, class and purpose of the animal kingdom represents species, and is equipped with various ecological scenery boxes. It not only scientifically displays the basic characteristics of various animals, but also vividly reflects their habitat and its close relationship with human beings. Many of them are China's specialty and primary and secondary protected animals. In addition, various special exhibitions, animal specimen making and fossil restoration demonstrations are often held in the museum to provide a variety of services for the audience.

Opening of new museum

Located in Jing'an Sculpture Park, the new Shanghai Museum of natural history is jointly designed by Perkins + will and the Architectural Design Institute of Tongji University. The total construction area of the new museum is 45086 square meters. Among them, there are three floors above the ground, 18 meters high, and two floors underground, 15 meters deep.

The history of Shanghai Museum of natural history can be traced back to the Xujiahui Museum founded by French Catholic priest Pierre Heude in 1868 (renamed the Sinian Museum in 1933) and the Asian Cultural Association Shanghai Museum run by the British. After several times of transformation, merger, reconstruction and renewal, the name of the museum changed constantly. After liberation, it was integrated into the Shanghai Museum of nature, becoming one of the largest and most influential natural museums in China. In 2012, it bid farewell to the increasingly small and shabby old western style building on Yan'an East Road and moved into the huge "parrot shell" in the northwest of Jing'an Sculpture Park (surrounded by Shanhaiguan Road, north-south viaduct, Beijing West Road and Shimen 2nd Road), becoming a world-class popular science building in Shanghai.

According to reports, the overall inspiration of the building comes from the shell form of Nautilus, a simple and classic biological form that has existed for millions of years on earth, implying the sacred mission of museum people to "manage natural heritage and protect the earth's home". The spiral green roof is rising, and the functional area of the museum is under the green belt. A cleverly enclosed oval pool becomes the central focus of the visiting streamline of the whole building, symbolizing that 71% of the earth's surface is covered by water. The water surface brings the ripple, texture, movement, sound and reflection of water waves, which becomes a part of the museum experience. The floor and exterior walls of the museum are composed of multi-directional stone patterns, which are reminiscent of the geological structure of the earth. The island-shaped flora is undulating and scattered among them, which is known as the new museum of Shanghai natural history

Chinese PinYin : Shang Hai Zi Ran Bo Wu Guan