Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve

Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve is located in Mabian County, Leshan City, 167 km away from Leshan City. It is located in the transitional zone between Sichuan Basin and Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, adjacent to Meigu in the West and Leibo in the south. It is a long and narrow zone, 15.3 km wide from east to west and 37.0 km long from north to south, with a total area of 30164 hectares, including 27195.2 hectares of forest land, accounting for 90.2% and 82% of forest coverage. There are four main source streams of Mabian River in the area; the lowest elevation is 800m, the highest elevation is 4042m, the relative elevation difference is about 3000m, the terrain is steep, the mountain is high and the road is dangerous, and the average slope is 36 degrees.

Mabian Dafengding National Nature Reserve

synonym

Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve generally refers to Mabian Dafengding National Nature Reserve

Mabian Dafengding National Nature Reserve is located in Mabian Yi Autonomous County, Leshan City, Sichuan Province. Its geographical location is 103 ° 14 ˊ～ 103 ° 24 ˊ in the East and 28 ° 25 ˊ～ 28 ° 44 ′ in the north. The nature reserve is a forest and wildlife type nature reserve established in 1978 with the approval of the State Council to protect the rare and endangered wild animals and plants such as giant panda, takin, Davidia involucrata, aquamarine and their natural ecological environment.

Historical evolution

Sichuan Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve was established in 1978 with the approval of the State Council.

In July 1994, the former Ministry of forestry confirmed the reserve as a national nature reserve.

In 1996, the establishment committee of Mabian Yi Autonomous County designated the reserve as a public institution at the deputy section level, with a staff of 15, and the public funds were allocated by the county finance.

In 1997, the management organization of the nature reserve was upgraded to the section level, which is a public institution directly under the people's Government of Mabian county.

The master plan of the reserve was completed in November 2000 and approved by the State Forestry Administration on January 6, 2001.

In October 2007, we completed the master plan of Sichuan Mabian Dafengding National Nature Reserve (Revision), the comprehensive demonstration report on the adjustment of functional areas of Sichuan Mabian Dafengding National Nature Reserve and the application for the adjustment of functional areas of National Nature Reserve

On June 2, 2009, the State Forestry Administration approved the adjustment of the functional areas of the reserve.

geographical environment

position

Mabian Dafengding National Nature Reserve is located in Mabian Yi Autonomous County, Leshan City, Sichuan Province. Its geographical location is 103 ° 14 ˊ～ 103 ° 24 ˊ in the East and 28 ° 25 ˊ～ 28 ° 44 ′ in the north.

Geology and geomorphology

The geological structure of the Reserve belongs to the western margin of the Yangtze paraplatform in the Western Mabian area, the northern part of the Kangdian axis, and the Liangshan fold belt, which is a part of the Hengduan Mountains. The fault structure is developed, the river is deeply cut, and the terrain is undulating. Among them, 11 groups of limestone, quartz sandstone and siliceous dolomite of Sinian system, Cambrian system, Ordovician system and Silurian system are mainly exposed in the south, while sandstone, limestone, quartz shale and dolomite of Silurian system, Permian system basalt and Triassic system are mainly exposed in the north.

The Nature Reserve belongs to mountainous landform, which is the transition zone from the first step to the second step of the national terrain. The terrain inclines from southwest to northeast, with overlapping peaks and valleys, high mountains and dangerous roads. Huangmaogeng is the dividing line between big and small Liangshan mountains, and its main peak fengfengding is 4042m above sea level. According to the geomorphic types, it can be divided into two geomorphic areas: the first is the middle mountain area, that is, the area with an altitude of 1200m-3500m, where the mountains are tall, the valleys are deep and narrow, and the limestone is widely distributed. Under the action of flowing water, the karst topography is developed and the karst caves are peculiar; the second is the subalpine area, with an altitude of 3500m-4042m, where the freezing time is long, and the subalpine meadow soil is mainly distributed.

climate

Due to the great difference in terrain and height, the three-dimensional climate of the reserve is obvious. The climate is long and cold in winter, short and cool in summer, with four distinct seasons. The nature reserve is a deep cut medium and high mountain area, and the terrain inclines from the middle to the East and west sides. Because the area is windward, it blocks the operation of the southeast monsoon. The strong southeast monsoon and the cold air in the North meet here, forming topographic rain, tropical thunderstorm and cyclone rain, with abundant rainfall. It is one of the components of "West China rain screen" and "sky drain".

The rainy days are about 240 days, and the annual precipitation is 1800-2000 mm. There is less rain in winter, with an average of 6.1 mm in January. The summer rainfall is the most, accounting for 62% of the whole year, of which August is the most, with an average of 275.3mm, and the most is 486.1mm. After autumn, the rainfall decreases rapidly, but there are many rainy days. Therefore, the precipitation characteristics of dry winter and dry spring, flood in summer and flood in autumn are formed. Rainfall intensity: the maximum rainfall in one day is 205.2 mm, the maximum rainfall in three days is 225.0 mm, and the maximum rainfall in one hour is 67.6 mm. The guarantee rate of annual rainfall ≥ 1000mm is 75%, and that of annual rainfall ≥ 900mm is 85%. From April to August, the guarantee rate of ≥ 600 was 86%.

The annual average sunshine of the nature reserve is 960.8h, only 22% of the sunshine hours, which is 50% less than that of East China at the same latitude. It is one of the low value areas in China. Within one year, the change of rose is very obvious, the sunshine time is longer in summer, and less in autumn and winter.

hydrology

The main rivers in the reserve are Dayuanzi River and diaohei River, which are one of the birthplaces of Mabian River in Minjiang River Basin. The rivers are mainly supplied by precipitation, snow water and groundwater. Its characteristics are: short flow, large drop, abundant water, abundant water energy, clear river, with great potential for hydropower development.

Dayuanzi River: also known as gaozhuoying River, it originates from the southwest side of the main peak of fengfengding, moluoojue. It flows southwest through juedo to Mamize, then turns north sharply, passes through Yonghong, tiejue, gaozhuoying, baijiawan and Yanfeng, and finally flows into Mabian river at the mouth of Suba township. It is 47km in length, 564km in rainfall collection area and 6.49 × 108m in annual runoff. The main tributaries are luoyitubi, languojie yiziqu, maluokou Yida, mahonggou, Luocheng Yida, baijiawan River, etc.

Chahei River: also known as wahou River, originates from the south side of yiziyakou at the north end of Meigu County, about 53km, with a rainfall collection area of 488km and an annual runoff of 6.16 × 108m. The main tributaries are diaoguharo, diaohenan River, akierzu, etc.

soil

Affected by the complex topography, geographical location and climate conditions, the soil types form a clear vertical distribution

Mountain yellow soil: it is mainly distributed below 1800m above sea level, and its parent materials are mostly weathered sand shale, basalt and yellow clay rock, characterized by yellowing. Most of them are viscous, acidic and thin, especially phosphorus deficient, but their hydrothermal compositions are relatively stable.

Yellow brown soil: mainly distributed in 1800-2200m above sea level, the parent rock is mainly various sandstone, limestone, basalt, mudstone, etc., and the parent material is slope residual. The texture is sticky, with film deposition, and the pH value is 5. The surface layer is light purple, covered with brown, dark brown plastic film or iron manganese nodules, and the core layer is brown, with many clay particles gathered, and some form sticky discs.

Brown soil: mainly distributed in the altitude of 2200-2400m, the parent rock is limestone, sand shale, the parent material is eluvial slope. The soil is light in texture, black brown in typical profile, and bright brown in heartland. 8, near neutral.

Dark brown soil: mainly distributed in 2400-3000m above sea level, parent rock is limestone, sandstone, basalt, etc., parent material is slope residual. The surface layer of soil is black brown with grayish white, the development level is not obvious, the texture is light gravelly soil, acid soil.

Calcareous soil: it is mainly distributed at 3000-3600m above sea level. Its parent material is mostly slope residual material, which is gray white and about 250px thick, with flaky structure. The core soil is dark brown yellow with obvious humus deposition. The pH value is 4.1-5, acid soil, light gravelly medium soil.

Subalpine meadow soil: mainly distributed over 3600m, parent material is slope residual, thickness is more than 1500px. The thickness of turf is about 250px, containing 7-15% organic matter, C / N ratio is more than 10, pH value is 5.4-5.8, and it is acidic. The texture is light gravelly, medium to heavy loam.

natural resources

plant resources

There are 160 species of woody plants in the reserve, including 109 species of arbors. The climax vegetation is evergreen broad-leaved forest. The vegetation is still near the original state, with high coverage rate, and the forest area accounts for nearly 83% of the total area. The vertical differentiation of vegetation is obvious

(1) The evergreen broad-leaved forest belt below 2000 meters above sea level is dominated by Lauraceae, followed by Fagaceae, and the common ones are runnan, Cinnamomum camphora, Litsea angustifolia, Castanopsis emeiensis, Schima superba, etc;

(2) Evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest is located between 2000-2400m above sea level. The evergreen tree species are mainly Quercus glauca and Cyclobalanopsis glauca, and the deciduous tree species are Acer, birch, Davidia involucrata, etc;

(3) There is a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest between 2400 and 2800 meters above sea level. The tree species are Tsuga yunnanensis, Cryptomeria fortunei, Acer Acer, Betula platyphylla, Tilia amurensis, Taxus chinensis, Cephalotaxus, Pterocarya stenoptera, and aquamarine;

(4) The subalpine coniferous forest belt is between 2800 and 3700 meters above sea level, and the dominant tree species is Abies;

(5) There are alpine shrub meadow and alpine meadow above 3700 meters above sea level.

Medicinal plants: the nature reserve is a treasure house of medicinal plants. According to the survey, there are 174 families, 405 genera

Chinese PinYin : Ma Bian Da Feng Ding Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu