Chiang Kai Shek's official residence in Huangshan

Chiang Kai Shek's official residence in Huangshan

Chiang Kai Shek's official residence in Huangshan is located in Nan'an District of Chongqing, with an altitude of 580 meters and an area of about 1 square kilometer. Huangshan is located between the Qifeng and Yougu, surrounded by pines and cypresses all over the mountain, with excellent scenery, belonging to Nanshan scenic area. Chiang Kai Shek lived in Chongqing from December 1938 to 1946.

During the period when Chongqing was the capital of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai Shek and his wife Song Meiling spent most of their time working and living in Yunxiu building, the Huangshan official residence in Nanshan. At that time, the highest directives of Chongqing national government were almost all brewing and produced here.

Chiang Kai Shek's official residence in Nanshan has historically become the most powerful witness of China's eight year Anti Japanese war.

The origin of history

In 1938, Japan carried out strategic bombing of Chongqing. In order to avoid Japanese aircraft bombing and summer heat, Chiang Kai Shek's Chamberlain selected Huangshan to build official residences for Jiang and song.

Chiang Kai Shek lives in Yunxiu building, and Song Meiling lives in Songting. "Yunxiu" building is a three story building with a combination of Chinese and Western styles. Chiang Kai Shek lives in the right corner of the second floor. Songting is a row of Chinese style bungalows. The corridor is spacious, surrounded by pine forest, and shade blocks out the sun. There is an air raid shelter beside the concave Valley path between "Yunxiu" and "Songting", which is specially used by Jiang and song to avoid the attack of Japanese planes. It is not far from "Yunxiu" and has a straw covered Chinese style bungalow named "caoting".

In 1945, when General Marshall, the special envoy of US President Truman, came to Chongqing "to mediate the dispute between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party", he once lived in "caoting". On the southeast hill of Yunxiu building, there is a "Yunfeng" building. It is a residence specially prepared by Song Meiling for Song Qingling, but Song Qingling never lived there. Located in the northeast of "Yunxiu", there is Song Meiling's villa "Songting" just at the bottom of the distance. "Songting" is built on the edge of a man-made flat land between two peaks, with a deep stream on its back. Facing the gap between the peaks, it is based on bluestone from the east to the sunrise.

Layout structure

At the official residence of Chiang Kai Shek in Huangshan, a rectangular one story house with Chinese and Western walls, about 25 meters long and 20 meters wide, was built. The front, left and right sides are connected with the cloister no less than three meters wide. The smooth pine floor is connected with the indoor floor. It must be the place where the summer night is cool and the winter is warm.

In the cloister, there are three front rooms with magnesium hollow pattern, straight and thick wooden double doors, and one room with windows in the south corner. It is sunny and may be the master's bedroom in spring and autumn. The other two large rooms are separated by wooden fans, which are convenient for opening and connecting, or the living room can also be used as a dance hall; for small parties, one hall can be used as much as possible; for large banquets, the fans can be removed, and the cloister can be used.

It seems that Naifu advocated "new life" in those days. She sang along with her husband and carefully designed her simple and convenient residence. This point, I think even today's architects, also might as well refer to the example. There are also three rooms in the back, but because of the concave row in the middle of the corridor, which overlooks the distant view of the mountain, the whole house is shaped like a half "Gong", or like an old Chinese lock. Because the concave corridor takes up some area, the bay is smaller than the front room.

The one in the south, which is next to the front room, may belong to the family members. In the north, there are two parallel rooms, with a fireplace chimney protruding from the roof. It should be the master's winter bedroom. In the north of this bedroom, with the rise of the natural terrain, the first floor and the first floor are attached for the kitchen and toilet.

The name of "pine hall" is about the original straight and green willow pines. Unfortunately, the rows of strong pines in front of it have been destroyed in the "ten years of catastrophe", and now there are still several branches and yellow barrel trees. There are a lot of replanted peaches and plums. When you travel in spring, you can still enjoy the scenery with red fragrance and powder. In those days, celebrities from home and abroad gathered from time to time, entertained day and night, sang and danced lightly, and how noble it was to be a famous lady in the song hall.

The "grass Pavilion" in the official residence area is the place where Marshall, the special envoy of US President Truman, lived in 1945. It is a Chinese style bungalow at the foot of yunyoulou mountain. Because the roof is covered with thatch, it is called "grass Pavilion". There is a "Yunfeng building" on the mountain to the left in front of the official residence, which was built by Song Meiling for Song Qingling's summer vacation, but Song Qingling has never lived here in the future. Huangshan official residence was an important office and residence for Chiang Kai Shek during his stay in Chongqing. It was one of the decision-making places for current affairs and important affairs in China.

Experience war

In July 1944, Chiang Kai Shek held a famous military conference at his Huangshan residence in Chongqing to discuss the issue of rectifying the military system. In fact, the direct cause of the whole army is the Cheng Zerun incident. In July 1944, Chiang Kai Shek heard Dai Anguo, the son of Dai Jitao, report that the young men in Chongqing were in miserable condition and were abused. Then Jiang went on a tour, and sure enough, he came across the scene of officers maltreating strong men. In a rage, he scolded lieutenant general Cheng Zerun, the director of military service, and delivered him to the military justice department for trial. Later, he was sentenced to death.

The underlying reason why Chiang Kai Shek was so angry was the extremely unfavorable war and political situation at that time. Militarily, the Japanese army launched a battle in the Central Plains in June, and the Kuomintang army in Henan was almost defeated. In July, the Japanese army launched the battle of Changheng again. A few days later, it conquered Changsha and surrounded Hengyang. However, Jiang's chief of staff, Stilwell, was also at odds with Jiang and used Roosevelt to put pressure on him. One of the reasons was that Chiang Kai Shek's army was too corrupt. In view of this, Jiang not only killed the director of military service to show his determination, but also held a whole army meeting in Huangshan.

The meeting lasted for several days. Chiang Kai Shek made a lot of speeches and communicated them in the form of documents, which played a certain role in stimulating the garrison in Hengyang and Guilin, but it was not helpful to the event. Huangshan whole army meeting can not solve the thirst. But the battle of Xuefeng mountain in ten months' time will benefit from it.

At the end of 1938, Chiang Kai Shek held a banquet for Tan Kah Kee at the Huangshan official residence. He told Chen directly that the government's finance had gone bankrupt, and prices had risen so much that a lieutenant colonel could not afford to support his family and wanted to steal vegetables to live. Your donation is a lot, but it is far from enough. Can you donate to us on time in the future. To put it bluntly, we can't open the pot. Can you pay us on time in the future. Hearing this, Tan Kah Kee shed tears on the spot.

Chiang's official residence is not extravagant, and the dining room is simple, but the dishes on the table are constantly on the table, and Soong Mei Ling is constantly on the side to persuade. This made him very resentful. He patted the table and scolded angrily. The country is so difficult. How can you be so extravagant. When Jiang was criticized, he immediately said that the criticism was right and we will resolutely correct it. On the Mid Autumn Festival in 1942, with the efforts of Song Meiling, the six brothers and sisters of the Song family watched the moon at Huangshan official residence in Chongqing. This was their last reunion. In this ancient land of China, family reunion is the most sacred.

Especially in the Song family, which is closely related to China's destiny and is famous all over the world, their family reunion is far more meaningful than the ordinary family reunion. The full moon on August 15 is very beautiful, and the banquet hall of Huangshan official residence is very lively. The six brothers and sisters of the Song family and their families, drivers and health officials set up five tables.

More than a dozen waiters were dressed in a full set of white uniforms, some of them were attentive, others were sweating. The five big tables are full of famous dishes made by senior chefs, as well as snacks, fruits and ice cream.

During the period when Chongqing was the capital of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai Shek and his wife Song Meiling spent most of their time working and living in Yunxiu building, the Huangshan official residence in Nanshan. At that time, almost all the supreme orders of the national government were brewed and produced here. Chiang Kai Shek's official residence in Nanshan has historically become the most powerful witness of China's eight year Anti Japanese war.

The little-known anecdotes of Jiang song's state affairs and life here, as well as the golden age of the Anti Japanese War, burst out of the dust of history and came to us.

Explosion incident

On August 30, 1941, Chiang Kai Shek was holding a military meeting at his official residence in Huangshan when he was suddenly attacked by Japanese planes. The roaring bomb exploded in and around Yunxiu building, killing two guards and injuring four. Chiang Kai Shek and the participants fled into the air raid shelter and survived.

Sixty eight years later, the museum interviewed Shen Naichang, the grandson of Chiang Kai Shek's nephew. He lived in Huangshan at that time. His father, general Shen Kaiyue, graduated from Huangpu phase III. It was Shen Kaiyue, the bodyguard officer at that time, who pushed Mr. Jiang into the air raid shelter and saved his life. Mr. Shen's recollection is completely consistent with historical records.

Why is the bombing target so accurate? According to the recollection of Saburo uedo, head of the third flight group of the Japanese army air force, he learned the specific location of the Huangshan official residence from the outgoing Italian ambassador to China Wylie Baker, and then received a secret telegram from Chiang Kai Shek to hold a meeting, which led to the formulation of an air raid plan against Chiang Kai Shek's Huangshan official residence.

Huangshan game

This is a well-known photo. It's a nice picture, but it's not. The conflict between the two men is not in politics, or even in military command, but more in character. It was Chiang Kai Shek's Huangshan official residence in the war of resistance against Japan that staged this scene of gratitude and resentment.

On the evening of March 9, 1942, Chiang Kai Shek and Song Meiling held a banquet at their Huangshan official residence to entertain Stilwell, who had just arrived. It should be said that the first meeting in Huangshan was very friendly. But then the Chinese expeditionary army entered Myanmar for the first time, which caused a boycott between them. Chiang Kai Shek had the idea of replacing Stilwell for the first time.

In 1943,

Chinese PinYin : Huang Shan Jiang Jie Shi Guan Di