Fang Xiaoru's tomb

Fang Xiaoru's tomb

Fang Xiaoru's tomb is located at the foot of the northeast mountain of Yuhuatai District, Nanjing City, facing Southeast and northwest. After Fang Xiaoru's rehabilitation in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, Tang Xianzu rebuilt his tomb and ancestral temple. Fang Xiaoru's tomb was finally preserved. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Hongzhang rebuilt it as governor of Liangjiang. During the period of the Republic of China, it was rebuilt again. Although it was repaired in all dynasties, it was burned.

There are 12 calligraphy and painting steles on both sides of Fang Xiaoru's tomb, and 26 inscriptions praising Fang Xiaoru in the past dynasties, extending to the south of the tomb.

geographical position

Fang Xiaoru's tomb is located in the back mountain of the second spring in the south of Yuhuatai, Yuhuatai District, Nanjing.

Historical evolution

In the 13th year of Wanli (1585), Zhu Yijun, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, issued an imperial edict to record many loyal ministers during the reign of emperor Jianwen, and built a temple of loyalty in Nanjing. Xu Huizu, Xu Da's eldest son, ranked first (according to historical records, when Zhu Di entered the capital, Xu Huizu stayed in Xu Da's ancestral hall, refused to meet him and was eventually imprisoned to death), followed by Fang Xiaoru. At this point, Fang Xiaoru finally got the snow.

After Fang Xiaoru's rehabilitation, Tang Xianzu, a famous dramatist who was an official in Nanjing at that time, found Fang Xiaoru's tomb under the mumo Pavilion in Jubao mountain and rebuilt his tomb and ancestral temple. Fang Xiaoru's tomb was finally preserved, not to be annihilated in the dust of history.

Fang Xiaoru's tomb has been repaired since Tang Xianzu built his tomb and ancestral temple in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. The existing tombstone of fangzhengxue (Xiaoru) in Ming Dynasty was erected by Li Hongzhang, governor of Liangjiang in August of 1866. The first book on the right of the tombstone is "renovated in August of Tongzhi", the second book is "inscribed with the title of Li Hongzhang, governor of Liangjiang", and the tombstone is engraved with "Tomb of Mr. Fang Zhengxue of Ming Dynasty". Another inscription was rebuilt in 1924. Han Guojun, then governor of Jiangsu Province, built a stone archway in front of Fang Xiaoru's tomb and rebuilt a monument. During the Anti Japanese War, the tombstone was lying on the ground. Ten years of turmoil again suffered the destruction of the broken four old, in addition to two old stone tablets survived, memorial archways, ancestral halls, etc. are gone.

In 1999, the tomb of Fang Xiaoru was rebuilt in Yuhuatai scenic area. The present tomb area is composed of memorial archway, Shinto, bronze bust of Fang Xiaoru and 24 steles. The bronze statue of Fang Xiaoru was created by Professor Liu Huanzhang, a famous sculptor in China. The inscriptions on the stele are the praises of Fang's family, which were written by famous contemporary calligraphers and painters. The platform in front of the tomb, the tombstone, the mound and the protective wall behind the tomb form an axisymmetric layout, which keeps the original environment style according to the mountain.

The stone archway is 5.05 meters high, the Shinto connects the archway and the tombstone, and the tombstone is 4.2 meters high. The famous calligrapher Wei Tianchi's handwriting "the tomb of Mr. Fang Zhengxue of Ming Dynasty" is engraved with gold. The mound is built on the original earth mound, with a cylinder of 4.6 meters in diameter at the bottom and a hemispherical body of 2.1 meters at the top, with a total height of 4.5 meters. All the tombs are made of green stones. The environment is quiet, the trees are high and dense, and the ancient cypresses are towering.

architectural composition

On the northernmost side of the cemetery is the memorial archway of the cemetery, on which is engraved a couplet "ten ethnic groups died for their loyalty to heaven and left six families, and one buried blood to connect with the Xiaoling Mausoleum", which is written by Han Guojun, governor of Jiangsu Province during the period of the national government. On the south side of the memorial archway is the Shinto of the cemetery, with 12 calligraphy and painting steles on both sides. Life experiences such as "great scholar of Ming Dynasty" and "doctor of literature" are engraved successively until "soul returns to Yuhua". On the south side of Shinto is a tomb. The lower part of the tomb is round and the upper part is hemispherical. In front of the tomb stands a Shinto tablet named "Tomb of Mr. Fang Zhengxue of Ming Dynasty".

On the east side of the tomb are the memorial tablets erected by the Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery Administration Bureau when Fang Xiaoru's tomb was rebuilt, and the "Tomb of Mr. Fang Zhengxue of Ming Dynasty" tombstone inscribed by Liangjiang governor Li Hongzhang when the cemetery was rebuilt in the fifth year of Tongzhi. On the west side of the tomb, there are 26 inscriptions praising Fang Xiaoru, which extend to the south side of the tomb. Fang Xiaoru's tomb has been listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanjing.

Profile

Fang Xiaoru (A.D. 1357-a.d. 1402) was well versed in literature and history. The teacher of Zhu Yunwen, the grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, was a doctor of literature at the time of emperor Jianwen. He compiled historical records such as Taizu Shilu and Lei Yao.

In 1398 ad, Zhu Yuanzhang died, and Zhu Yunwen, the great grandson of the emperor, succeeded to the throne and became emperor Jianwen. In the fourth year of Jianwen (1402 AD), Zhu Di, the king of Yan, went south and captured the capital. Emperor Jianwen rushed out in a hurry. Zhu Di established himself as emperor. He wanted to use Fang Xiaoru's prestige to level the criticism in the world and ordered him to take the imperial edict. Fang Xiaoru did not follow, and was punished by the crack of the car. Ten ethnic groups were destroyed, and 873 people suffered. Fang Xiaoru's tomb has been repaired since Tang Xianzu built his tomb and ancestral temple in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. The existing tombstone of fangzhengxue (Xiaoru) in Ming Dynasty was erected by Li Hongzhang, governor of Liangjiang in August 1866. The first inscription on the right side of the tombstone is "renovated in August of Tongzhi 5", the first inscription on the left side is "inscribed with the title of Li Hongzhang, governor of Liangjiang". Another inscription was rebuilt in 1924. Han Guojun, then governor of Jiangsu Province, built a stone archway in front of Fang Xiaoru's tomb and rebuilt a monument. During the Anti Japanese War, the tombstone was lying on the ground. The ten-year cultural revolution once again suffered the destruction of the broken four old. Except for two old stone tablets, the memorial archways and ancestral halls disappeared.

Address: Yuhua East Road, Yuhuatai District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Longitude: 118.783094

Latitude: 32.002417

Chinese PinYin : Fang Xiao Ru Mu