Station Square

Station Square

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

to examine

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Station square is the junction of railway station and urban traffic, the link between railway and urban traffic, and the distribution center of passenger flow, train flow and luggage flow.

effect

1. The station square is the link between land and water transportation and urban traffic, the meeting point of urban dynamic traffic and static traffic, and the frontier area for the connection and communication between the passenger station and the town.

2. The station square is the distribution center of passengers. In general, a large bus station, railway station or port passenger station, during the peak period of passenger transport, nearly a thousand people may arrive at the station to gather or evacuate within one hour, so a large square is needed to meet the requirements of passenger safety and rapid distribution.

3. The station square has the function of organizing passengers to wait for the ship and train outdoors.

4. The station square should provide driving and parking space for all kinds of motor vehicles, such as buses, pick-up buses, tour buses, taxis, group cars, delivery trucks, motorcycles, as well as non motor vehicles, such as bicycles, shelf cars, tricycles, etc. the larger the scale of the passenger station, the more vehicles, the larger the driving or parking space required.

5. For the multi-functional passenger station, in order to meet the needs of passengers for food, accommodation, business and entertainment, some service facilities should be arranged around the square in front of the station, such as hotels, restaurants, shops, projection halls, books, newspapers, posts and telecommunications service offices, etc. Therefore, according to the requirements of town planning, suitable locations and sufficient construction land should be provided in the square in front of the station.

6. For bus stations with tight land use, the square in front of the station can also be used to organize temporary additional buses.

form

1. Station building platform

Station building platform refers to the platform extending a certain width from the station room to the city, which is used to connect all parts of the station building and connect with the entrance and exit, passenger activity zone and pedestrian passage.

2. Special site for passenger station

The special space for passenger station is composed of passenger activity zone, pedestrian passage, vehicle lane, parking lot, greening, building sketch, etc.

3. Bus stop

Bus stops include bus, tram, subway and other terminal and midway stops near the station building.

4. Parking lot

Parking lots include parking lots for motor vehicles such as buses, coaches, taxis, motor tricycles, pick-up buses, group cars, motorcycles, non motor vehicles, etc.

5. Comprehensive service facilities

The comprehensive service facilities of the station square include hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, posts and telecommunications, banks, etc.

6. Traffic management facilities

The traffic management facilities of station square include guardrail, guard tower, vehicle dispatching office, broadcasting, publicity signs, signal lights and various traffic signs.

Layout requirements

The layout of the square in front of the station should be considered according to the size and nature of the passenger flow, the scale of the station building, the layout of the urban trunk road, the bus flow line and the distribution of the parking lot.

(1) Combined with the urban development planning, station building scale, terrain and other conditions, the area and layout of the square should be reasonably determined, so that all kinds of facilities in and around the square can be organically combined with urban roads and station building entrances and exits, so as to ensure the safety and rapid evacuation of passengers.

(2) Reasonably design and organize various flow lines in the square, properly arrange the driving routes and parking spaces of various vehicles, and try to avoid the cross interference between various flow lines.

(3) Make full use of the three-dimensional space of the square and design the square as a multi-storey site.

(4) All kinds of buildings around the square must be planned in a unified way. In terms of space, it is neither oppressive nor crowded, nor open; in terms of architectural form, it is required to highlight the main body of the station building, and the surrounding buildings should be coordinated with the station building.

(5) Pay attention to the green belt design of the square in front of the station to meet the requirements of urban greening.

Design principles

The square in front of the passenger station of various modes of transportation is mainly used for collecting and distributing passengers and vehicles, and its design principles and requirements are as follows:

(1) The design of station square should be coordinated with urban planning and station yard planning (or port planning), and should be combined with the local terrain characteristics and site specific conditions, and should adjust measures to local conditions and reasonable layout.

(2) The layout of each component of the station square should be compact and reasonable under the condition of meeting the use function, and try to save land, investment, operation and management costs, and reduce house demolition.

(3) The design of the square in front of the station should consider the connection between the city trunk road, passenger station building, passenger entrance and exit, vehicle entrance and exit routes and the square in front of the station, so that passengers can safely and quickly get in and out of the square along the shortest route.

(4) The design of station square should be based on the size of passenger flow, the main flow direction of passenger flow, the frequency of vehicles in and out, the traffic flow at peak hours, and in combination with the traffic situation in the city, properly arrange the location of pedestrian passage, vehicle passage and the driving route of various vehicles, and determine the size of parking lot.

(5) The design of the square in front of the station should reasonably organize the traffic, separate the passenger flow, vehicle flow and cargo flow of the entrance and exit, avoid mutual interference, and ensure smooth flow line.

(6) The bus parking platform and taxi parking area of the square in front of the station should be closely connected with the urban trunk road, so as to facilitate the transfer of passengers.

(7) The entrance and exit of the subway on the square in front of the station should be marked to facilitate passengers to find; at the same time, it should be close to the entrance and exit of the passenger station to facilitate passengers to transfer to the subway.

(8) When the business and service buildings such as hotels, hotels, shopping malls, local specialty shops, bars, Internet cafes, dance halls, fruit shops, hair salons, bathrooms and cafes are set up around the square in front of the multi-functional passenger station, the unified planning and reasonable layout should be made according to the requirements of urban construction, so as to form a complete and characteristic architectural space with the passenger station as the main body, so as to achieve the goal The best comprehensive benefit is obtained.

(9) There should be obvious signs around the square in front of the station, which should be separated from other buildings. It is not allowed to set up stalls and set up spots on the square for trading, so as to ensure and maintain the normal passenger transport order.

(10) In the design of station square, we should oppose the tendency of pursuing form and neglecting function. We should combine the local specific conditions and make reasonable layout. It is not suitable for large-scale filling, large-scale excavation and large-scale demolition. It should be economical and applicable.

(11) The square in front of the station should be open and gentle, and the height difference between the two ends of the diagonal should not be too large. For flat terrain, the design slope of the square should not be greater than 1%, and the minimum slope is 0.3%; for the square in front of the station in Hilly and mountainous cities, the maximum longitudinal slope is not greater than 3%; for complex terrain, the square can also be divided into several small stepped squares.

(12) The vertical design of the square in front of the station should make the ground elevation slightly lower than the apron slope elevation of the station building (or the floor elevation of the station building) and slightly higher than the pavement elevation of the surrounding urban trunk road, so as to avoid rainstorm and ponding, which will hinder the passenger flow in and out of the square and the traffic.

(13) Urban trunk roads shall not cross the square in front of the station. For large passenger stations with dense passenger and traffic flow, three-dimensional square or underground square can be considered.

(14) When the station front platform is set in the station front square, the length of the platform should not be less than the total length of the station building; the width of the platform is 30m for the super large station, 20m for the large station, 10m for the medium station and 6m for the small station.

(15) When there are subway stations or underground commercial service facilities in the square in front of the station, the passageway connecting with the passenger underpass should be set. When the construction is carried out by stages, the interface should be reserved.

(16) The pedestrian passage and vehicle passage of the station square should be connected with the urban road.

(17) The ground and pavement of the square in front of the station should adopt rigid ground and pavement, and should meet the drainage requirements, and the ground in the square should not accumulate water.

(18) A three-dimensional square in front of the station should be set up at the passenger station (especially the railway station) with a maximum number of more than 4000 people.

(19) The structure and installation of large independent billboards and revealing boards such as train timetable on the square in front of the station shall be safe and firm.

(20) The square in front of the station shall be provided with passageways for the disabled, which shall comply with the provisions of code for design of accessibility of urban roads and buildings (JGJ 50-2001).

Address: Zhanqian square, Dongzheng South Road, Zhaodong City, Suihua, Heilongjiang Province

Longitude: 126.000177

Latitude: 46.078247

Chinese PinYin : Zhan Qian Guang Chang