Qinhu National Wetland Park

Qinhu National Wetland Park in Jiangyan, Jiangsu Province

synonym

Qinhu National Wetland Park generally refers to the Qinhu National Wetland Park in Jiangyan, Jiangsu Province

Qinhu National Wetland Park in Jiangyan, Jiangsu Province is a national AAAAA tourist attraction. It is the second national wetland park approved by the former State Forestry Administration and the first National Wetland Park in Jiangsu Province. Located in Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, the wetland park is located in Lixiahe area, one of the three famous depressions in China, with a planning area of 806.9 hectares, a wetland area of 588.6 hectares and a wetland rate of 72.9%. The wetland is divided into three types: Lake wetland, River Wetland and swamp wetland, and three types: permanent fresh water lake, permanent River and herb swamp. It is divided into three functional areas: wetland conservation area, wetland restoration area and reasonable utilization area. In 2005, it was approved by the former State Forestry Administration to carry out the pilot construction of National Wetland Park. In 2011, it passed the acceptance of the pilot construction and officially became a national wetland park.

The theme of Qinhu National Wetland Park is "water, wetland and ecology". Lakes and rivers in the park account for about 37% of the total area. There are 153 kinds of plants and 97 kinds of wild animals in the park, including elk, Red Crowned Crane, Chinese alligator and other national first-class protected animals.

geographical environment

Location context

Qinhu National Wetland Park in Jiangyan of Jiangsu Province is located in the northwest of Jiangyan District of Taizhou City in the middle of Jiangsu Province. Jiangqin river is the boundary in the East, West Bank of magpie lake is the boundary in the west, jiangqin highway is the boundary in the north and jiangqin river is the boundary in the West in the south to protect its core river. The planning area is flat, with ditches and ponds and river network. The total planning area is 806.9 hectares, including 588.6 hectares of wetland and 72.94% of wet land.

topographic features

Wetland park is located in the Cenozoic tectonic basin, Qintong depression in the southwest of Dongtai depression. The underlying strata are composed of red fine clastic rocks of Pukou formation of Upper Cretaceous, belonging to plain fluvial deposits; clastic sedimentary rocks of Taizhou Formation of Lower Tertiary, belonging to fluvial and lacustrine deposits; clastic sedimentary rocks of buning formation of Lower Tertiary, belonging to fluvial and lacustrine deposits; clastic sedimentary rocks of Dainan formation of lower Tertiary, mainly composed of sandstone, belonging to residual lacustrine deposits; The mud sandstone of the Sanduo formation of the lower Tertiary is dominated by fluvial deposits; the variegated clastic rocks of the Yancheng formation of the upper Tertiary are dominated by fluvial deposits; and the Dongtai formation of the Quaternary is dominated by fluvial and lacustrine deposits with transgressive deposits. During the middle Holocene transgression more than 7000 years ago, Lixiahe depression became a lagoon. Xigang was once the east sand dike of the lagoon.

The area of lakes and rivers in the Wetland Park accounts for about 37% of the total area. Among them, Qinhu lake, also known as the magpie lake, has a large scale. It is named after the "magpie flying in the past". Qinhu lake is 1.4km long from east to west and 1.5km long from north to south. It looks like a jade pendant. It covers an area of about 3500 mu. It can be seen from a high altitude. There are nine main rivers leading to the lake area in all directions, naturally forming a strange landscape of "Jiulong chaoque".

soil

The wetland park has a flat landform with little elevation difference. However, due to the effect of natural soil forming process, it is bounded by Tongyang Canal, with high sandy soil in the South and paddy soil in the north. There are great differences in soil quality and agricultural production characteristics, so there are high sandy soil, paddy soil and transition zone between high sandy soil and paddy soil.

hydrology

The rivers in the wetland park are mainly Taidong River, jiangqin River and Huangcun river. There are more than ten rivers and lakes around the Qinhu lake, and there is water exchange between the harbor and the magpie lake. The formation of these rivers is related to the drainage, flood discharge, shipping and transportation of Lixiahe depression. They have abundant water all year round and stable water regime, which is conducive to the development of aquaculture and fishing, thus forming a specific water town style.

climate

Qinhu wetland belongs to the north subtropical monsoon climate zone, which is the transition zone between subtropical and temperate zone. The climate is not cold in winter. The average temperature in January is generally above 0 ℃, and it is hot in summer. The average temperature in July is generally about 25 ℃. The wind direction has obvious changes in winter and summer. The annual precipitation is generally more than 1000 mm, mainly concentrated in summer and less in winter.

Functional zoning

overview

Wetland park is divided into three functional areas: wetland conservation area, wetland restoration area and reasonable utilization area.

Wetland conservation area

There are a large number of water surface, ecological conservation forest and wetland forest in the wetland conservation area, with primitive habitat, complete wetland ecosystem and rich biodiversity. We should carry out wetland protection and restoration, improve and enrich wetland habitat types, protect biodiversity, and maintain the integrity of ecosystem structure and function. The total area is 405.98 hectares.

Rehabilitation and reconstruction area

There are a large area of fish ponds and paddy fields in the restoration and reconstruction area, which are disturbed by human factors and the habitat is fragile. To restore the damaged wetland with potential ecological value, enrich the diversity of wetland animals and plants, restore wetland habitat, provide buffer and expansion space for wetland conservation area, and make the whole wetland ecosystem reach a virtuous cycle state. The total area is 160.17 hectares.

Reasonable utilization area

The main management facilities are distributed in the reasonable utilization area, with convenient land and water transportation, less interference to the conservation area, and rich landscape types, which can be used as a place for science popularization and education and supporting services. Make full use of wetland landscape resources, create wetland scenery with water characteristics, meet the needs of public ecological leisure, and strengthen tourists' awareness of wetland protection through wetland experience activities. The total area is 240.75 hectares.

Resources

Resource overview

There are various types of wetlands in the Wetland Park, including swamp, lake, river, constructed wetland and other habitats, in which the swamp wetland is mainly composed of biogas plant communities dominated by Carex and gramineous plants; the lake wetland mainly includes submerged, floating, floating leaf and emergent plants; the river wetland is mainly composed of submerged and floating plants, with a small number of floating leaf and emergent plants. Phragmites australis community is the most widely distributed in the coastal area, and other floating, submerged and emergent plants and moist trees and shrubs are sporadically distributed. Wetlands with rich biodiversity and relatively high ecosystem integrity provide a good habitat for a variety of animals, especially for birds. The preliminary results show that there are 97 species of birds, 21 species of mammals, 23 species of amphibians and reptiles, 38 species of fish and 21 species of zooplankton in Qinhu wetland. Qinhu wetland is of great value for the maintenance of regional biodiversity.

plant resources

Wetland park is rich in plant resources. Qinhu wetland vegetation species are diverse, distribution is flaky, integrity is good. Basically, there are four types of habitats, namely, river and pond, farmland and woodland, shallow swamp and open lake. The results of biodiversity survey in Jiangyan District of Taizhou City in 2018 showed that the vegetation composition in various habitats was very different, and the wetland biological community occupied a considerable area, mainly including reed community and Azolla community. In the lakeshore zone, the reed community is the most widely distributed and has the largest area. In the wetland community, except Phragmites australis, other floating, submerged or emergent plants are scattered. The main species are Alisma orientalis, junxincao, iris, taro, Acorus calamus, Cigu, Xiangpu, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Polygonum hydropiper, Polygonum rariflorum, yujiuhua, water hyacinth, lotus, water lily and other wetland or aquatic herbs. There are also Taxodium ascendens, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Salix mandshurica, weeping willow and Pterocarya stenoptera that adapt to the humid environment.

Animal resources

There are 153 species of Wetland Wild Plants and 97 species of birds in the wetland park. There are 7 species of national first-class protected animals such as white stork, black stork and Red Crowned Crane, and 8 species of provincial protected animals such as goose, quail, magpie, grey magpie and thrush. Mammals: a total of 21 species, the national first-class protected animals are elk, provincial protected animals are hedgehog, hog badger, raccoon dog, leopard cat, weasel, etc. Amphibians and reptiles: a total of 23 species, including Golden shallow side fold frog, black spot side fold frog, turtle, Agkistrodon halys, etc. Fish: a total of 38 species, in addition to shrimp, crab, turtle, mussel, snail, clam and so on. Other animals: there are 21 genera (species) of zooplankton, including 3 genera of protozoa, 4 genera of rotifer, 5 genera (species) of angularia, 5 genera of Copepoda, 27 genera of benthos and 10 genera of insects.

Main attractions

Gate of scenic spot

The gate is made up of five pole boats, symbolizing the annual China Jiangyan Qintong Boat Festival. The eight characters of "Qinhu National Wetland Park" above the gate of the scenic spot were written by Mr. Zhao Xuemin, President of China Wildlife Protection Association and former deputy director of the State Forestry Administration.

Shili Qinhu Lake

Qinhu lake, also known as the magpie lake, is 1.4 km long from east to west and 1.5 km long from north to south. It is shaped like a jade pendant and covers an area of about 2.1 square kilometers. There are nine main rivers leading to the lake area from all sides, which naturally form the strange landscape of "Jiulong chaoque".

Military Sports Paradise

Qinhu military sports paradise, the scene of CS real life confrontation. There are color bullet shooting and quality development projects.

Sanyuan hot spring

Qinhu Wetland Park is rich in geothermal resources. The water temperature of Sanyuan wet spring is over 42 ℃.

Ancient Shousheng Temple

Ancient Shousheng temple was built in the Song Dynasty, 700 years ago

Chinese PinYin : Qin Hu Guo Jia Shi Di Gong Yuan